Al-Maturidi's Ta'wilat al-Qur'an as an Original Source Transmitting the Vast Exegetical Knowledge of the Early Period to the Future: The Example of Abu Muadh al-Nahwi
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Tarih
2023
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Yayıncı
Hitit Univ
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Although al-Maturidi's work called Ta'wilat al-Qur'an has been distinguished as a commentary based on the diraya (opinion) method, it contains a significant amount of exegetical knowledge of the first three centuries of Hijra. Moreover, a part of this exegetical acquis, which also forms al-Maturidi's reference sources, is original when compared to the sources of the commentaries such as al-Tabari and Ibn Abi Hatim. Some of the exegetical knowledge transmitted by him are not found in other sources. As a matter of fact, a comparative analysis of Ta'wilat al-Qur'an with the commentaries of the same period and before enables one to determine its original sources. This may be attributed to the fact that the scholarly culture in the Transoxiana region and the works in circulation there differ in certain points from the scientific milieu in the principal science centers such as Baghdad, Basra, and Kufa. For instance, Abu Muadh al-Nahwi (d. 211/826) is one of the scholars whose views are cited in Ta'wilat al-Qur'an. Hailing from Merv, he is known as a mufassir, linguist, reciter, and narrator. Narrating from Abu Hanifa, Abdullah b. Mubarak and Ubaid b. Sulaiman, he is regarded among the trustworthy narrators.As we determine, around 140 views of Abu Muadh in the fields of tafsir and recitation (qiraat) have survived in various sources, mostly exegetical works. However, half of his views are not included in any other work than Ta'wilat al-Qur'an. Thus, it attains a unique position in ascertaining the exegetical knowledge of the first three centuries of Hijra. Abu Muadh's statements cited in Ta'wilat are mainly related to linguistic tafsir and recitation. This confirms the information about the existence of Abu Muadh's works, Ma'ani al-Qur'an, which Ibn al-Nadim states that he authored, and Kitab al-Qiraat, which Katib Chalabi mentions as his book. However, according to our findings, these books have not survived to the present day. As we examine the statements of Abu Muadh in Ta'wilat in detail, it is seen that aspects such as the meanings of some words as used in Arabic, their roots, patterns, and grammatical features are at the forefront. The meanings assigned to the words of the Qur'an are proved by Arabic sayings and Qur'anic verses. Abu Muadh touches upon the sahih (authentic) and shadh recitations and explains the differences in meaning arising from the difference in recitation. Among the opinions cited by al-Maturidi from Abu Muadh, his objections to Muqatil b. Suleiman draw attention. In the said objections, Abu Muadh criticizes Muqatil for not having theological sensitivity and not observing the context. One of the remarkable points here is that some of the issues that Abu Muadh criticizes do not appear in Muqatil's exegesis, which is available today. This, on the one hand, brings up different versions of Muqatil's commentary, and on the other hand, increases the value of the narration (riwaya) content of Ta'wilat al-Qur'an. In addition, in the references of al-Maturidi, it is seen that Abu Muadh also cites the views of the first-era mufassirs such as Mujahid, Muqatil b. Suleiman, and Kisai.In the final analysis, the fact that al-Maturidi makes numerous references to Abu Muadh may be considered a proof of that he was accepted as a respected linguist, mufassir, and reciter whose works had been widely read in the geography of Transoxiana. The fact that Abu Muadh's views cited by al-Maturidi are not found in the sources before and after al-Maturidi strengthens the possibility of that al-Maturidi saw the works of Abu Muadh personally. It may also be seen as an indication that the narration aspect of Ta'wilat al-Qur'an is neglected by the later exegetical literature.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Tafsir, Recitation (Qiraat), Ma'an al-Qur'an, al-Maturidi, Ta'wilat al-Qur'an, Abu Muadh al-Nahwi
Kaynak
Hitit Theology Journal
WoS Q Değeri
N/A
Scopus Q Değeri
N/A
Cilt
22
Sayı
2
