Farklı zemin kat yüksekliğine sahip betonarme binalarda sismik izolatör kullanımının bina davranışına ve kaba inşaat maliyetine etkisinin incelenmesi
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
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Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Karabük Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Türkiye'de binaların zemin katları genellikle dükkân, otopark, otomobil galerisi, banka, otel lobileri, depo vb. gibi amaçlarla kullanılmaktadır. Bu durumda da zemin katların yükseklikleri, normal katlara göre daha yüksek olmakta dolayısıyla zemin katın rijitliğini üst katlara göre zayıflatmaktadır. Rijitliği zayıf olan bu katlarda depremler sırasında ağır hasarlar oluşmaktadır. Bu tez çalışmasının temel amacı 3 farklı bina formuna sahip betonarme binalarda zemin kat yüksekliği ve kat adedinin artmasının yumuşak kat düzensizliğine etkisini araştırmak ve söz konusu binalarda kurşun çekirdekli kauçuk izolatör kullanımının bina davranışına, yumuşak kat düzensizliğine ve kaba inşaat maliyetine etkisi karşılaştırmalı olarak incelemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, önce toplam kat alanları sabit tutularak oluşturulan 3 farklı bina formuna sahip ankastre mesnetli betonarme bina modelleri oluşturulmuş ve söz konusu modellerin zemin kat yüksekliğinin farklı oranlarda (1m) artmasıyla yumuşak kat düzensizliğine etkileri araştırılmış, daha sonra ortak kat planına ve farklı kat adedine sahip bina modelleri oluşturularak bunların yumuşak kat düzensizliğine etkileri incelenmiştir. Ayrıca toplam kat alanları sabit tutularak oluşturulan 3 farklı bina formuna sahip modellerin temeli ile kolonları arasına kurşun çekirdekli kauçuk izolatör yerleştirilerek ankastre mesnetli bina modelleri ile sismik izolasyonlu bina modellerinde zemin kat yüksekliğindeki artışın yapısal davranışa, yumuşak kat düzensizliğine ve kaba inşaat maliyetine etkileri de karşılaştırmalı olarak araştırılmıştır. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar, ankastre mesnetli 3 farklı bina formunda da zemin kat yüksekliğinin artmasıyla söz konusu bina modellerinin periyotlarının, kat yerdeğiştirmelerinin, göreli kat ötelenmelerinin ve yumuşak kat düzensizliği katsayılarının arttığını ve kat adedindeki artış miktarının kat yerdeğiştirmelerini ve göreli kat ötelenmelerini arttırdığını buna karşın yumuşak kat düzensizliği katsayılarını azalttığını ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca sismik izolasyonlu bina modellerinde ise bina periyotlarının hedeflenen izolasyon periyoduna bağlı olarak arttığı, zemin kat yüksekliğinin artmasıyla bina periyotlarının ankastre mesnetli bina modellerine kıyasla çok artmadığı ve sismik izolasyonlu bina modellerinde kat adedinin artmasıyla hakim periyodunun hedeflenen tasarım periyodundan uzaklaştığı görülmüştür. Diğer taraftan sismik izolasyonlu bina modellerinde kat yerdeğiştirmeleri, göreli kat ötelenmeleri ve taban kesme kuvvetleri ankastre mesnetli bina modellerine göre önemli ölçüde azalmakta, buna karşın zemin kat yüksekliğinin artmasıyla yumuşak kat düzensizliği katsayısı çok fazla etkilenmemekte, ancak ankastre mesnetli bina modellerine göre bir miktar artmaktadır. Bu husus Türkiye'de özellikle deprem tehlikesi yüksek olan bölgelerde inşa edilecek betonarme yapıların emniyeti, performansı ve kaba inşaat maliyeti bakımından sismik izolatörlerin alternatif yapım yöntemi olarak kullanılabileceği önerilmektedir.
In Turkey, ground storeys of buildings are generally used as shops, parking lots, car dealerships, banks, hotel lobbies, warehouses, etc. In this case, the heights of the ground storey are higher than the normal storeys and weaken the stiffness of the ground storey compared to the upper storeys. These storeys with weak stiffnesses are heavily damaged during earthquakes. The main purpose of this thesis study is to investigate the effect of increasing ground storey height and number of storeys on soft story irregularity in reinforced concrete buildings with 3 different building forms and to comparatively examine the effect on building behaviour, soft story irregularity and rough construction cost of the use of lead core rubber insulators in these buildings. For this purpose, firstly, models of reinforced concrete buildings with fixed supported with 3 different building forms were created by keeping the total storey areas constant and their effects of these models on soft story irregularity were investigated by increasing the ground storey height at different rates (1m), then building models with common storey plan and different number of storeys were created and their effects on soft story irregularity were investigated. In addition, fixed support and seismic isolated building models by placing a lead core rubber isolator between the foundation and columns of the models having 3 different building forms which were created by keeping the total storey areas constant were also comparatively investigated the effects on the structural behaviour, soft story irregularity and rough construction cost of the increase in ground storey height. The results obtained from this study reveal that these building models with the increase in ground storey height in all three different forms of fixed supported buildings increase the periods, storey displacements, relative storey drifts and soft storey irregularity coefficients, by contrast with decreases the soft storey irregularity coefficients. It is also observed that in seismically isolated building models, the building periods increase depending on the targeted isolation period, the building periods do not increase much with the increase in ground storey height compared to the building models with fixed supported, and the dominant period moves away from the targeted design period with the increase in the number of storeys in seismically isolated building models. On the other hand, storey displacements, relative storey drifts and base shear forces are significantly decreased in seismically isolated building models compared to fixed supported building models, whereas the soft storey irregularity coefficient is not affected much with the increase in ground storey height, but it increases slightly compared to fixed supported building models. It is suggested that seismic isolators can be used as an alternative construction method in terms of safety, performance, and rough construction cost of reinforced concrete structures to be constructed in Turkey, especially in regions with high earthquake hazard.
In Turkey, ground storeys of buildings are generally used as shops, parking lots, car dealerships, banks, hotel lobbies, warehouses, etc. In this case, the heights of the ground storey are higher than the normal storeys and weaken the stiffness of the ground storey compared to the upper storeys. These storeys with weak stiffnesses are heavily damaged during earthquakes. The main purpose of this thesis study is to investigate the effect of increasing ground storey height and number of storeys on soft story irregularity in reinforced concrete buildings with 3 different building forms and to comparatively examine the effect on building behaviour, soft story irregularity and rough construction cost of the use of lead core rubber insulators in these buildings. For this purpose, firstly, models of reinforced concrete buildings with fixed supported with 3 different building forms were created by keeping the total storey areas constant and their effects of these models on soft story irregularity were investigated by increasing the ground storey height at different rates (1m), then building models with common storey plan and different number of storeys were created and their effects on soft story irregularity were investigated. In addition, fixed support and seismic isolated building models by placing a lead core rubber isolator between the foundation and columns of the models having 3 different building forms which were created by keeping the total storey areas constant were also comparatively investigated the effects on the structural behaviour, soft story irregularity and rough construction cost of the increase in ground storey height. The results obtained from this study reveal that these building models with the increase in ground storey height in all three different forms of fixed supported buildings increase the periods, storey displacements, relative storey drifts and soft storey irregularity coefficients, by contrast with decreases the soft storey irregularity coefficients. It is also observed that in seismically isolated building models, the building periods increase depending on the targeted isolation period, the building periods do not increase much with the increase in ground storey height compared to the building models with fixed supported, and the dominant period moves away from the targeted design period with the increase in the number of storeys in seismically isolated building models. On the other hand, storey displacements, relative storey drifts and base shear forces are significantly decreased in seismically isolated building models compared to fixed supported building models, whereas the soft storey irregularity coefficient is not affected much with the increase in ground storey height, but it increases slightly compared to fixed supported building models. It is suggested that seismic isolators can be used as an alternative construction method in terms of safety, performance, and rough construction cost of reinforced concrete structures to be constructed in Turkey, especially in regions with high earthquake hazard.
Açıklama
Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, İnşaat Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı, Yapı Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
İnşaat Mühendisliği, Civil Engineering
