Veri Zarflama Analizi yöntemiyle etkinliklerin belirlenmesi: Türk katılım ve mevduat bankaları üzerine bir araştırma
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Karabük Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Genel itibarla bankalar, paranın daha güvenli bir şekilde muhafaza edilmesi, kredi kullanımı ve diğer geleneksel bankacılık hizmetlerini sunan kuruluşlardır. Tüm dünyada bankacılık sistemi esas olarak faize dayalı bir yapı üzerine kurulmuştur. İslam'da faizin haram olması nedeniyle, dini hassasiyeti yüksek olan bireyler faizli bankacılıktan kaçınmayı tercih etmektedirler. Dolaysıyla tüm dünyada ve Türkiye'de İslami finans kuruluşlarının kurulması konusunda adımlar atılmıştır. 1980 sonrası Türkiye'de faizsiz sistem esaslı çalışan finansal kuruluşlar kurulmuş ve 2006 itibari ile katılım bankaları olarak isimlendirilmiştir. Finansal performansın ölçülmesi adına etkinlik değerlendirmesi birçok sektörde olduğu gibi bankacılıkta da oldukça sık kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Türkiye'de hizmet veren mevduat ve katılım bankalarının ne ölçüde etkin çalıştıklarına yönelik yapılmış olup iki banka türü etkinlik anlamında karşılaştırılmıştır. Bankacılık alanındaki güncel veriler kullanılarak yeni bir analiz yapılmıştır. Bankalar veri zarflama analizi (VZA) programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada etkinlik analizi ölçümü yapmak için "Veri Zarflama Analizi" yöntemi tercih edilmiştir. Veri Zarflama Analizi, etkinlik ölçümlerinde çok girdi ve çıktı ile analiz yapma fırsatı veren bir analiz modelidir. Analizlerde 2016-2020 yılları arasında aralıksız faaliyet gösteren katılım ve mevduat bankalarının verileri kullanılmıştır. Bu kapsamda 4 katılım ve 15 mevduat olmak üzere 19 banka (karar verme birimi) ile 3 girdi ve 3 çıktı kullanılmıştır. Katılım bankalarının etkin banka sayısı açısından başarı derecesi; BCC modeline göre %90 iken CCR modeline göre %80 oranını olduğu belirlenmiştir. Buna karşın mevduat bankalarına etkin banka sayısı açısından başarı derecesi; BCC modeline göre 5 yıllık etkin değerlerin ortalaması %70,67 iken CCR modelinde ise %46,66 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Analiz değerlendirmesi sonucunda, katılım bankalarının mevduat bankalarına oranla daha etkin olduğu görülmüştür.
In general, banks are organizations that provide safer money storage, credit and other traditional banking services. The banking system all over the world is mainly based on an interest-based structure. Since interest is forbidden in Islam, individuals with high religious sensitivity prefer to avoid banking with interest. Therefore, steps have been taken to establish Islamic financial institutions all over the world and in Turkey. After 1980, financial institutions operating on the basis of interest-free system were established in Turkey and as of 2006 they were named as participation banks. In order to measure financial performance, efficiency evaluation is used quite frequently in banking as in many sectors. In this study, it has been done to determine how effectively the deposit and participation banks serving in Turkey are working and the two types of banks are compared in terms of efficiency. A new analysis was made using current data in the field of banking. Banks were analyzed with the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) program. In this study, "Data Envelopment Analysis" method was preferred to measure effectiveness analysis. Data Envelopment Analysis is an analysis model that gives the opportunity to analyze with many inputs and outputs in efficiency measures. Data of participation and deposit banks operating continuously between the years 2016-2020 were used in the analysis. In this context, 19 banks (decision making units), 4 participations and 15 deposits, and 3 inputs and 3 outputs were used. The degree of success of participation banks in terms of the number of effective banks; It was determined that while it was 90% according to the BCC model, it was 80% according to the CCR model. On the other hand, the degree of success in terms of the number of banks active in deposit banks; According to the BCC model, the average of the 5-year effective values was 70.67%, while it was 46.66% in the CCR model. As a result of the analysis evaluation, it has been seen that participation banks are more efficient than deposit banks.
In general, banks are organizations that provide safer money storage, credit and other traditional banking services. The banking system all over the world is mainly based on an interest-based structure. Since interest is forbidden in Islam, individuals with high religious sensitivity prefer to avoid banking with interest. Therefore, steps have been taken to establish Islamic financial institutions all over the world and in Turkey. After 1980, financial institutions operating on the basis of interest-free system were established in Turkey and as of 2006 they were named as participation banks. In order to measure financial performance, efficiency evaluation is used quite frequently in banking as in many sectors. In this study, it has been done to determine how effectively the deposit and participation banks serving in Turkey are working and the two types of banks are compared in terms of efficiency. A new analysis was made using current data in the field of banking. Banks were analyzed with the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) program. In this study, "Data Envelopment Analysis" method was preferred to measure effectiveness analysis. Data Envelopment Analysis is an analysis model that gives the opportunity to analyze with many inputs and outputs in efficiency measures. Data of participation and deposit banks operating continuously between the years 2016-2020 were used in the analysis. In this context, 19 banks (decision making units), 4 participations and 15 deposits, and 3 inputs and 3 outputs were used. The degree of success of participation banks in terms of the number of effective banks; It was determined that while it was 90% according to the BCC model, it was 80% according to the CCR model. On the other hand, the degree of success in terms of the number of banks active in deposit banks; According to the BCC model, the average of the 5-year effective values was 70.67%, while it was 46.66% in the CCR model. As a result of the analysis evaluation, it has been seen that participation banks are more efficient than deposit banks.
Açıklama
Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Bankacılık ve Finans Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Bankacılık, Banking
