Gungor, TugbaOzturk Sahin, Ozlem2024-09-292024-09-2920211300-0012https://doi.org/10.14744/agri.2020.54289https://search.trdizin.gov.tr/tr/yayin/detay/407462https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14619/6651Objectives: This study was performed to investigate the efficiency of local heat and cold application to decrease vaccine-associated pain among infants 2-6 months of age. Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial. The study universe comprised infants aged 2-6 months who were brought to 4 family health centers in the Safranbolu district of Karabuk Province, Turkey, for a pneumococcal vaccination June 1-November 30, 2016. A total of 96 infants (heat application: 31, cold application: 32, and control group: 33) were enrolled in the the study. The data were collected using an infant information form and the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) pain scale. Results: The mean FLACC score of the infants was 5.531 +/- 1.934 in the cold application group, 8.710 +/- 1.346 in the heat application group, and 9.152 +/- 1.661 in the control group. The difference between the mean scores of the groups was statistically significant (KW=49.043; p=0.000). Conclusion: Local cold and heat application methods applied to the vaccination area before a pneumoccal vaccine reduced vaccine-associated pain in the infants, and the application of cold was more effective than heat.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessCold applicationheat applicationinfantnursingpainpain managementArticle10.14744/agri.2020.542892-s2.0-8510532823622134254654Q31540746233WOS:000644197800003N/A