Ayash, Muneer M. A.Abu Amr, Salem S.Alkarkhi, Abbas F. M.Zulkifli, MuzafarMahmud, M. N.2024-09-292024-09-2920211944-39941944-3986https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2021.27378https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14619/7669In this study, selected physicochemical and heavy metal concentrations were identified and analyzed in leachate samples. The leachate samples were collected at four different stages namely; raw equalization pond (EqP), dissolved air floatation combined with coagulation ( DAF1/coagulation), sequencing batch reactor (SBR), and dissolved air floatation combined with coagulation (DAF2/coagulation). For each stage, 19 parameters were tested covering 12 physiochemical parameters including pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), color, ammonical nitrogen (NH3-N), total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), total concentrations of sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), and calcium (Ca) as well as the total concentrations of seven heavy metals involving iron (Fe), copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn). Identifying the characteristics of the four leachate samples from each stage was aided with three different statistical methods consisting of descriptive, factor, and cluster analyses. The results of factor analysis showed that 95.34% of the total variation in the selected parameters was explained by two factors and identified as the responsible factors. Cluster analysis exhibited that the four ponds entirely have different properties (EqP, DAF1, SBR, and DAF2). This study helps to evaluate and comprehend the behavior of the designated parameters and better understand their relationships with one another for more efficient, practical, and productive landfill leachate treatment and management.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessPhysicochemicalHeavy metalLeachateFactor analysisCluster analysisArticle10.5004/dwt.2021.273782-s2.0-85112258827205Q3194229WOS:000677855500017Q4