Avci, IsaOzarpa, CevatAydin, Muhammed Ali2024-09-292024-09-2920211758-20831758-2091https://doi.org/10.1504/IJGW.2021.119001https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14619/6687Problems in energy supply security threaten smart grids and cities, critical infrastructures and industrial control systems, and directly affect the economy. This study aims to examine the increase in energy supply, energy supply security risks, global warming, the importance of renewable energy sources, and environmental factors in energy infrastructure security. Also, a security framework has been proposed for critical energy infrastructures such as electricity, water, natural gas, coal, oil, renewable energy, and nuclear energy sources, taking into account the key risk factors of energy supply security and environmental impact sources. In the proposed framework, 17 different types of risks have been defined due to the reasons for natural gas, electricity, coal, oil, nuclear, and renewable energy sources. Risks concerned energy supply security and environmental impacts are calculated according to energy sources and it is determined that renewable energy sources have less risk (9%) than other energy types, electricity (13%) and natural gas (15%).eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessenergy supply securityemissionssmart gridrenewable energy gridsnatural gasArticle10.1504/IJGW.2021.1190012-s2.0-851201677533053-4Q328825WOS:000720050300003Q4