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Öğe Assessment of trade-off, exergetic performance, and greenhouse gas impact-cost analysis of a diesel engine running with different proportions of TiO2, Ag2O, and CeO2 nanoadditives(Elsevier BV, 2024-12-30) Gülcan, Halil Erdi; Erol, Derviş; Çelik, Mehmet; Bayındırlı, CihanIn this study, the effects of adding different proportions of TiO2, Ag2O, and CeO2 nanoparticles to a three-cylinder, water-cooled, four-stroke, direct injection diesel engine on engine performance and exhaust emissions are experimentally investigated. The experiments are conducted at four different engine loads (10, 20, 30, and 40 Nm) and a constant engine speed (1800 rpm). TiO2, Ag2O, and CeO2 nanoparticles are added to the diesel fuel at concentrations of 50 and 75 ppm each. The test fuels used in the study are as follows: D100, DTi50, DTi75, DAg50, DAg75, DCe50 and DCe75. Using the experimental results, analyses of energy, exergy, sustainability, greenhouse gas (GHG) emission impact, and cost are performed. The experimental results reveal that the use of nanoparticles in diesel fuel reduces BSFC. The highest reduction in BSFC is achieved with DTi75 fuel, averaging 9 %. Additionally, DTi75 fuel shows an average increase of 19 % in NOx emissions compared to D100 fuel, while smoke emissions decrease by an average of 30 %. The highest average increase in exergy efficiency compared to D100 fuel is obtained with DAg50 fuel (5.6 %), followed by DTi75 fuel (5.3 %). The addition of nanoparticles to diesel fuel also leads to an increase in GHG emissions. Compared to D100 fuel, the highest average contribution to GHG emissions increase is shown by DTi75 fuel (12 %), while the lowest average contribution is observed with DAg50 fuel (4 %).Öğe Investigation of the performance and emissions of an engine operated with ceo2 nano additive doped biodiesel(2022) Çelik, Mehmet; Bayindirli, Cihan; İlhak, M. İlhanThe production of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide causes global warming and many other environmental problems. Diesel engines are widely used due to their higher output torque value, better thermal efficiency and durability compared to gasoline engines. Because of rapid consumption and mitigation of diesel as a fossil fuel, biodiesel has recently received significant attention as a renewable energy source. There are several sources in order to pro- duce biodiesel. Animal fats, inedible vegetable oils, waste oils and other low-value bioenergy raw materials are suitable sources for biodiesel production as they are renewable and have no impact on food safety. In this study, CeO2 nano additives at concentrations of 50 ppm and 75 ppm were added to cottonseed based biodiesel. The experiments were conducted at 4 different load conditions on a 3-cylinder water-cooled diesel engine. According to the test results, it was observed that with increasing nano additive concentration, thermal efficiency was in- creased and specific fuel consumption was reduced. As well as, the results indicated that CO and soot emissions were reduced, while NOx emissions were increased due to the improve- ment of the combustion performance caused by CeO2 nanoparticles.Öğe Role of different type nanoparticles on exergy, thermoeconomic, exergoeconomic, environmental, and enviroeconomic indicators in a CI engine fueled with rapeseed oil biodiesel(Elsevier, 2025-03-15) Gülcan, Halil Erdi; Bayindirli, Cihan; Erol, Derviş; Çelik, MehmetThis present study conducts energy, exergy, thermoeconomic, exergoeconomic, environmental, and enviroeconomic analyses for a CI engine fuelled with rapeseed oil biodiesel that includes varying proportions of TiO2, Ag2O, and CeO2 nanoparticles. Experiments are performed on four different engine torques (between 10 Nm and 40 Nm engine torque ranges) and 1800 1/min shaft speed. The addition of nanoparticles to 100 % rapeseed oil biodiesel (R100) fuel positively impacts energy, exergy, thermoeconomic, and exergoeconomic results. Among all the test fuels, the best energy, exergy, thermoeconomic, and exergoeconomic performance results are obtained with the R + Ti75 fuel containing 75 ppm TiO2, followed by the R + Ce75 and R + Ti50 fuels. The R + Ti75 and R + Ce75 fuels reduce exergy destruction by an average of 7 % and 5.5 % respectively compared to the R100 fuel, while increasing exergy efficiency by an average of 5 % and 4 %. Additionally, the maximum reduction in capital cost (reduction in thermoeconomic impact) is achieved with the R + Ti75 fuel, with an average reduction of approximately 12 %. On the other hand, the lowest environmental impact is obtained with the R100 fuel, while the highest environmental impact is observed with the R + Ti75 and R + Ce75 fuels. In conclusion, the most efficient blends in terms of energy, exergy, thermoeconomic, and exergoeconomic aspects are the R + Ti75 and R + Ce75 fuels.Öğe Seryum oksit (ceo2) nanopartikülü ilave edilen biyodizel-dizel (b20) karışımının performans ve emisyonlara etkisinin araştırılması(2022) Aydın, Berkan; Çelik, MehmetBiyodizel, yıllardır dizel yakıtı yerine kullanılabilecek bir potansiyele sahip alternatif yakıt olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Motorlarda, yanmadan kaynaklanan hava kirliliğini azaltmak, motor performansını arttırmak ve yakıt özelliklerini iyileştirmek için birçok yöntem kullanılmaktadır. Yakıt içerisine ilave edilen katkı maddeleri de bunlardan birisidir. Birçok araştırmacı daha önce dizel ve biyodizel yakıtına nanopartiküllerin eklenmesinin motor yanma özelliklerini iyileştirdiğini, yakıt tüketimini azaltarak motor verimliliği arttırıp ve emisyonları azalttığına dair çalışmalar yapmışlardır. Bu çalışmada, pamuk yağından transesterifikasyon yöntemi ile biyodizel üretilerek dizel yakıtı içerisine %20 (B20) oranında karıştırılmış, bu karışımın içerisine belirli oranlarında CeO2 (seryum oksit) nanopartikül katkı maddesi ilave edilmiştir. Dizel+biyodizel (B20) yakıt karışımına 25-50-75-100 ppm oranlarında CeO2 ilave edilerek elde edilen yakıtların motor performansı ve emisyon karakteristikleri incelenmiştir. CeO2 kullanımı ile birlikte yakıtın ısıl değerinde artış, viskozite ve yoğunluğunda azalma gözlemlenmiştir. Motor gücünde B20 yakıtına CeO2 ilavesinin olumlu etkisinin olduğu görülmüştür. B20 yakıtına göre 2800 dev/dk’da B20Ce100 yakıtında %12,58 güç artışı elde edilmiştir. Özgül yakıt tüketimi değerlerinde CeO2 konsantrasyonunun artması ile birlikte azalma gözlemlenmiştir. 1800 dev/dk’da B20 yakıtına göre B20Ce100 yakıtında özgül yakıt tüketiminde %7,44 azalma meydana gelirken, termik verim %2,69 artmıştır. Tam yanmayı destekleyen CeO2 oranının artması ile birlikte egzoz gazı sıcaklıkları artmıştır. Maksimum momentin elde edildiği 1800 dev/dk’da B20 yakıtına göre B20Ce100 karışımında CO, HC ve is emisyonlarında sırasıyla %13,03-%17,17 ve %8.44 azalma elde edilirken, NOX emisyonunda ise %8.82 oranında artış olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.
