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    Assessment of the cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of chitosan nanostructures
    (Elsevier, 2024) Özdemir, O.; Kopac, T.
    Chitosan has found wide applications in biomedical, pharmaceutical, and dental areas. However, its limited water solubility and compact crystal structure significantly limit its clinical utilization, while the properties can be enhanced upon modification of its structure. Novel chitosan nanostructures have aroused attention in biomedical applications owing to their tunable physical and chemical structures, cost-effectiveness, enhanced solubility, biocompatibility, biodegradability, nontoxicity, mechanical and antibacterial properties. For the emergence of novel structures for biomedical implementation, their characterization in terms of in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity and biocompatibility has to be assessed. This chapter presents a review of the biocompatibility and cytotoxicity evaluation of a number of chitosan-based nanoparticles (NPs) for biomedical relevance. The studies provide evidence of considerable indications of chitosan NPs in drug-based therapies on the basis of their biocompatibility, biodegradability, lower cytotoxicity, and higher stability offering novel perspectives for extending their utilization in biological areas. © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Effect of various volume syringes on solution delivery time using conventional irrigation technique in 0.04 tapered preparations of single straight root canals: An ex vivo study
    (Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2023) Teja, K.; Ramesh, S.; Choudhari, S.; Özdemir, O.; Janani, K.; Jose, J.; Vasundhara, K.
    Introduction: The important aspect of endodontic treatment is root canal irrigation. Although agitation systems proved to have enhanced irrigant wall interactions, syringe needle-based delivery systems still play a significant role during the preparatory phases of root canal treatment. The current study aimed to evaluate the time taken for the irrigant delivery during conventional syringe irrigation using different volume syringes in different root canal preparations. Materials and Methods: Two hundred extracted single-rooted premolars with approximately round canals were randomly instrumented to preferred apical preparation sizes using 0.4 tapered Hyflex-CM rotary Ni-Ti instruments and randomly divided as follows: Group I, instrumentation to size 40, 0.04 taper (n = 50); Group II, instrumentation to size 30, 0.04 taper (n = 50); Group III, instrumentation to size 25, 0.04 taper (n = 50); and Group IV, instrumentation to size 20, 0.04 taper (n = 50). Fifty operators were chosen for the experimentation. They were asked to irrigate the prepared specimens using different volume syringes. The entire irrigant delivery time was recorded by a head nurse using a stopwatch, and the values were calibrated and statistically analyzed. Results: Group I recorded significantly lesser time for irrigant delivery during manual syringe needle irrigation (P = 0.005) compared to other groups. Conclusion: Irrigation delivery time was less in 40/0.04 taper preparations, using 1 ml volume syringes. © 2023 Saudi Endodontic Journal | Published by Wolters Kluwer-Medknow.
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    The structural and optical properties of ?-FeOOH thin film grownwith CBD method
    (National Institute of Optoelectronics, 2014) Özdemir, O.; Meydaneri, F.; Kariper, I.A.
    ?-FeOOH thin films were produced by Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) method at pH: 5 onto amorphous glass substrates. Structural properties of ?-FeOOH thin film were analyzed with X-ray diffraction (XRD). Chemical analysis and surface image of thin film were investigated with EDX, SEM, respectively. Optical properties were investigated via UV-VIS spectrophotometer. ?-FeOOH (lepidocrocite) crystal is orthorhombic structure and the XRD peak corresponding to the ?-FeOOH is enhanced to (1 1 1) plane. The allowed direct and allowed indirect optical band gaps (Eg), optical transmission (T%), reflectivity (R%), absorption, refraction index (n), extinction coefficient (k), dielectric constant (?) of the thin film were found to be 2.00 and 1.63 eV, 36.39%, 24.86%, 0.43, 2.98, 0.03 and 1.76, respectively. © 2014, National Institute of Optoelectronics. All right reserved.