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Öğe Application of pinecones powder as a natural coagulants for sustainable treatment of industrial wastewater(Desalination Publ, 2022) Abujazar, Mohammed Shadi S.; Karaagac, Sakine Ugurlu; Ramadan, Hamza; Abu Amr, Salem S.; Alazaiza, Motasem Y. D.Utilization of pinecone powder as a plant-based natural coagulant for the treatment of iron and steel factory effluent was examined. The concentrations of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), aluminum (Al), and nickel (Ni) in effluent wastewater were investigated. Results showed that the maximal removal of COD, TSS, NH3-N, Mn, Fe, Zn, Al, and Ni using pinecone powder were 83.3%, 99%, 83.9%, 86.8%, 93.7%, 89.7%, 73.7%, and 86.7%, respectively for effluent at natural pH 8 using a dosage of 3 g/L. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy result showed the existence of various functional groups involved in the coagulation process. Overall, this study shows that pinecone powder has enormous promise as a natural coagulant for water treatment and it could be utilized to treat effluent from iron and steel plants.Öğe Application of plant-based natural coagulant for sustainable treatment of steel and iron industrial wastewater, Karabuk, Turkey(Desalination Publ, 2023) Amr, Salem S. Abu; Abujazar, Mohammed Shadi S.; Karaagac, Sakine Ugurlu; Mahfud, Riyad; Alazaiza, Motasem Y. D.; Hamad, Rami J. A.This study examines the use of date stone powder-based plant natural coagulant in the treatment of iron and steel industrial effluent. Coagulation process was conducted using different dosage from date stone powdered (0.2-10 g/L) and different pH values (5-10) using orbital shaker at 200 rpm. The treatment efficiency was evaluated by examine the removal for chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), alu-minum (Al), and nickel (Ni). The maximal removal for COD, TSS, NH3-N, Mn, Fe, Zn, Al, and Ni were 59.4%, 99%, 92.1%, 87.1%, 97.7%, 94.8%, 65.8%, and 80.3%, respectively. Date stone powder has enormous promise as a plant-based natural coagulant for industrial effluent wastewater treatment and might be used to treat effluent from the iron and steel industries.Öğe The effectiveness of rosehip seeds powder as a plant-based natural coagulant for sustainable treatment of steel industries wastewater(Desalination Publ, 2022) Abujazar, Mohammed Shadi S.; Karaagac, Sakine Ugurlu; Abu Amr, Salem S.; Fatihah, Suja; Bashir, Mohammed J. K.; Alazaiza, Motasem Y. D.; Ibrahim, EimanThis study aims to investigate the performance plant-based natural coagulant from rosehip seed powder in the treatment of iron and steel factory wastewater. The concentrations of COD, total suspended solids (TSS), ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), aluminum (Al), and nickel ( Ni) in effluent wastewater were examined. Coagulation investigations were carried out using an orbital shaker and a flocculation apparatus to investigate the effects of iron and steel factory effluent, pH, and rosehip seeds powder dosage on coagulation efficacy. The rosehip powder removes a large amount of COD, TSS, NH3-N, Mn, Fe, Zn, Al, and Ni from effluent at pH 8 with percentages of 86.1%, 99%, 79%, 86%, 91.7%, 90.6%, 73.7%, and 100%, respectively, at 1 g/L. The effects of pH ranges ranging from (5-10) reveal that the wastewater sample's natural pH (8) demonstrates the maximum practicable removal effectiveness. FTIR analysis revealed the presence of numerous functional groups involved in the coagulation process. One may argue that rosehip seed powder holds great potential as a natural plant-based coagulant for water treatment and could be used to treat effluent from iron and ste el factories.Öğe Effects of polyvinyl acetate content on contact erosion parameters of pavement embankment constructed by dispersive soils(Springer Heidelberg, 2023) Vakili, Amir Hossein; Salimi, Mahdi; Keskin, Inan; Abujazar, Mohammed Shadi S.; Shamsi, MohammadThis study deals with the contact erosion investigation and mechanical properties of both the un-stabilized and polyvinyl acetate (PVAc)-stabilized dispersive embankment layer. To this end, in addition to performing the specific dispersivity identification tests, i.e. pinhole and double hydrometer tests and contact erosion test for measuring the contact erosion parameters, a series of basic geotechnical tests was carried out. The microstructural changes with the aid of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) test and financial analysis were studied respectively to understand underlying mechanisms of stabilization and to estimate the economic benefits owing to PVAc addition. The results indicated that 2% PVAc content was the most effective proportion such that it decreased the dispersion potential, mass loss, and settlement of the dispersive soil by 69.6%, 70.5%, and 68.5% respectively, and at the same time, the strength of the samples increased by 107.4% only after 7 days of curing. The reaction between the polarity carboxyl hydrophilic group of PVAc and the hydroxyl group of the soil led to form the strong hydrogen bonds, and therefore, the structure stability and strength of the soil were enhanced. The formation of reticulated membrane structures and stronger bonds between soil particles, as documented by SEM images, testified to the excellent efficiency of PVAc in dispersive soil stabilization. Finally, the accuracy of available correlations between soil dispersivity and contact erosion parameters was examined, and then, the correlations were developed to cover a broad range of soils by using the results of this study.Öğe Factorial design and optimization of pinecone seed powder as a natural coagulant for organic and heavy metals removal from industrial wastewater(Desalination Publ, 2023) Abujazar, Mohammed Shadi S.; Karaagac, Sakine Ugurlu; Abu Amr, Salem S.; Fatihah, Suja; Bashir, Mohammed J. K.; Alazaiza, Motasem Y. D.; Yusof, ArijVarious chemical coagulants have previously been used for wastewater treatment with substantial efficacy in eliminating heavy metals and other criteria. However, their economic effectiveness and the remnant of harmful chemical precipitates that pose hazards to human health and the environment. As a result, utilizing plant-based natural coagulants is seen as an alternative non-toxic, biodegradable, and ecologically beneficial strategy. This study aims to investigate the performance of pinecone seed powder as a natural coagulant in iron and steel factory wastewater treatment, as well as to optimize the operating parameters to determine the feasibility of employing pinecone seed powder in wastewater treatment. Using 0.6 g/200 mL pinecone as a controlling factor, pH, and settling time, the response surface methodology, a statistical experimental design was utilized to increase the chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N), and heavy metals removal effimodels for the parameters specified were determined to be significant with a low probability.Öğe Microplastic in the environment: identification, occurrence, and mitigation measures(Elsevier Science Inc, 2022) Alazaiza, Motasem Y. D.; Albahnasawi, Ahmed; Al-Maskari, Omar; Ali, Gomaa A. M.; Eyvaz, Murat; Abujazar, Mohammed Shadi S.; Abu Amr, Salem S.Microplastic is an emerging pollutant causing trouble worldwide due to its extensive distribu-tion and potential hazards to the ecological system. Some fundamental questions about micro -plastics, such as their presence, source, and possible hazards, remain unanswered. These issues develop because of a lack of systematic and comprehensive microplastic analysis. As a result, we thoroughly evaluated current knowledge on microplastics, including detection, characterization, occurrence, source, and potential harm. Microplastics are found in seawater, soil, wetlands, and air matrices worldwide based on findings. Visual classification, which can be enhanced by com-bining it with additional tools, is one of the most used methods for identifying microplastics. As soon as is practicable, microplastics analytical methods ought to be standardized. New techniques for analyzing nano-plastics are urgently needed in the meantime. Numerous studies have shown that microplastics??? impacts on people and soil are significantly influenced by their size, shape, and surface physicochemical characteristics. Finally, this study suggests areas for future research based on the knowledge gaps in the area of microplastics.Öğe The potential use of olive seeds powder as plant-based natural coagulant for sustainable treatment of industrial wastewater(Desalination Publ, 2022) Karaagac, Sakine Ugurlu; Abujazar, Mohammed Shadi S.; Kopan, Mahmut; Abu Amr, Salem S.; Alazaiza, Motasem Y. D.The use of olive seed powder as a plant-based natural coagulant in treating iron and steel factory wastewater was studied. The concentrations of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), aluminum (Al), and nickel (Ni) in effluent wastewater were investigated. Coagulation experiments on the effects of iron and steel factory wastewater, pH, and olive seed powder dosage on coagulation efficacy were conducted using an orbital shaker and a flocculation device. The maximum removal percentages of COD, TSS, NH3-N, Mn, Fe, Zn, Al, and Ni by olive seeds powder were 86.3%, 99%, 72.4%, 80.9%, 91.5%, 92.6%, 73.7%, and 84.3% for effluent at natural pH 8 using a 5 g/L dosage, respectively. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy study showed the presence of several functional groups involved in the coagulation process. It is possible to argue that olive seed powder has enormous potential as a plant-based natural coagulant for wastewater treatment and that it might be used to treat wastewater from iron and steel factories.Öğe Productivity modelling of an inclined stepped solar still for seawater desalination using boosting algorithms based on experimental data(Desalination Publ, 2022) Wazirali, Raniyah; Abujazar, Mohammed Shadi S.; Abujayyab, Sohaib K. M.; Ahmad, Rami; Fatihah, Suja; Kabeel, A. E.; Karaagac, Sakine UgurluSolar energy has recently become a viable option for desalinating seawater, primarily in arid regions. However, increasing the productivity of solar still by integrating experimental base and modelling methods is still subject to prediction errors; therefore, the main objective of this research is to postulate and test boosting algorithms for predicting the efficiency and productivity of the system. Five boosting regressors were deployed and evaluated: categorical boosting, adaptive boosting, extreme gradient boosting, gradient boosting machine, and gradient boosting machine (LightGBM). The proposed regressors are implemented based on the system's actual recorded dataset (consisting of 720 observations). The dataset consists of input variables, which are the wind speed (V), cloud cover, humidity, ambient temperature (T), solar radiation (SR), (T-io), (T-w), (T-v), and (T-t). Also, the output variable is represented by the productivity of the system. The dataset was separated into training (70%) and testing (30%) sets. In order to decrease regressors errors, hyperparameter optimization was employed. GradientBoosting approach provided the best prediction, with 95% R-2 accuracy and 39.57 root mean square error (RMSE) error. The LightGBM technique achieved 94% R-2 accuracy and 40.07 RMSE error in the testing dataset. The results reveal that GradientBoosting outperforms the cascaded forward neural network in predicting system productivity (CFNN).Öğe Recent advancement in the application of hybrid coagulants in coagulation-flocculation of wastewater: A review(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2022) Abujazar, Mohammed Shadi S.; Karaagac, Sakine Ugurlu; Abu Amr, Salem S.; D Alazaiza, Motasem Y.; Bashir, Mohammed J. K.Hybrid coagulants have recently received attention in water and wastewater treatment technologies mainly due to their cost-efficiency and exceptional performance. As such, this study highlights the recent advanced appli-cations of hybrid coagulants in wastewater treatment. The materials used for hybrid coagulants, such as those hybridised in chemical bond, structurally-hybridised, and functionally-hybridised under certain combination techniques (e.g., organic/inorganic, organic/organic, inorganic/inorganic, organic/natural polymer, inorganic/ natural polymer, organic/biopolymer, & inorganic/biopolymer), were evaluated and compared based on their applications on different type of wastewaters, experimental conditions, and treatment efficiency. The perfor-mance of inorganic/inorganic hybrid coagulation demonstrated high removal of turbidity (98.5%), chemical oxygen demand (COD) (73.3%), heavy metals (99.2%), and colour (98%) -seemingly better than organic removal efficiency. The optimum operational conditions for inorganic/organic coagulants at varied pH levels (6-12) lowered the cost for chemicals used for pH adjustment in treating industrial wastewater. Referring to the review outcomes, hybrid coagulation applications are indeed efficient for treatment of highly concentrated in-dustrial wastewater, such as oily wastewater.Öğe State-of-the-art review on energy and load forecasting in microgrids using artificial neural networks, machine learning, and deep learning techniques(Elsevier Science Sa, 2023) Wazirali, Raniyah; Yaghoubi, Elnaz; Abujazar, Mohammed Shadi S.; Ahmad, Rami; Vakili, Amir HosseinForecasting renewable energy efficiency significantly impacts system management and operation because more precise forecasts mean reduced risk and improved stability and reliability of the network. There are several methods for forecasting and estimating energy production and demand. This paper discusses the significance of artificial neural network (ANN), machine learning (ML), and Deep Learning (DL) techniques in predicting renewable energy and load demand in various time horizons, including ultra-short-term, short-term, mediumterm, and long-term. The purpose of this study is to comprehensively review the methodologies and applications that utilize the latest developments in ANN, ML, and DL for the purpose of forecasting in microgrids, with the aim of providing a systematic analysis. For this purpose, a comprehensive database from the Web of Science was selected to gather relevant research studies on the topic. This paper provides a comparison and evaluation of all three techniques for forecasting in microgrids using tables. The techniques mentioned here assist electrical engineers in becoming aware of the drawbacks and advantages of ANN, ML, and DL in both load demand and renewable energy forecasting in microgrids, enabling them to choose the best techniques for establishing a sustainable and resilient microgrid ecosystem.
