Yazar "Al Maskari, Tahra" seçeneğine göre listele

Listeleniyor 1 - 4 / 4
  • Küçük Resim Yok
    Öğe
    Application of Natural Coagulants for Pharmaceutical Removal from Water and Wastewater: A Review
    (Mdpi, 2022) Alazaiza, Motasem Y. D.; Albahnasawi, Ahmed; Ali, Gomaa A. M.; Bashir, Mohammed J. K.; Nassani, Dia Eddin; Al Maskari, Tahra; Amr, Salem S. Abu
    Pharmaceutical contamination threatens both humans and the environment, and several technologies have been adapted for the removal of pharmaceuticals. The coagulation-flocculation process demonstrates a feasible solution for pharmaceutical removal. However, the chemical coagulation process has its drawbacks, such as excessive and toxic sludge production and high production cost. To overcome these shortcomings, the feasibility of natural-based coagulants, due to their biodegradability, safety, and availability, has been investigated by several researchers. This review presented the recent advances of using natural coagulants for pharmaceutical compound removal from aqueous solutions. The main mechanisms of natural coagulants for pharmaceutical removal from water and wastewater are charge neutralization and polymer bridges. Natural coagulants extracted from plants are more commonly investigated than those extracted from animals due to their affordability. Natural coagulants are competitive in terms of their performance and environmental sustainability. Developing a reliable extraction method is required, and therefore further investigation is essential to obtain a complete insight regarding the performance and the effect of environmental factors during pharmaceutical removal by natural coagulants. Finally, the indirect application of natural coagulants is an essential step for implementing green water and wastewater treatment technologies.
  • Küçük Resim Yok
    Öğe
    Diesel Migration and Distribution in Capillary Fringe Using Different Spill Volumes via Image Analysis
    (Mdpi, 2021) Alazaiza, Motasem Y. D.; Al Maskari, Tahra; Albahansawi, Ahmed; Amr, Salem S. Abu; Abushammala, Mohammed F. M.; Aburas, Maher
    Laboratory-scale column experiments were conducted to assess the impact of different LNAPL volumes on LANPL migration behavior in capillary zone in porous media. Three different volumes of diesel (50 mL, 100 mL, and 150 mL) were released in different experiments using a 1D rectangular column filled with natural sand. The water table was set at 29 cm from the bottom of the column. The image analysis results provided quantitative time-dependent data on the LNAPL distribution through the duration for the experiments. Results demonstrated that the higher diesel volume (150 mL) exhibited the faster LNAPL migration through all experiments. This observation was due to the high volume of diesel as compared to other cases which provides high pressure to migrate deeper in a short time. In all experiments, the diesel migration was fast during the first few minutes of observation and then, the velocity was decreased gradually. This is due to pressure exerted by diesel in order to allow the diesel to percolate through the sand voids. Overall, this study proved that the image analysis can be a good and reliable tool to monitor the LNAPL migration in porous media.
  • Küçük Resim Yok
    Öğe
    Nanoscale zero-valent iron application for the treatment of soil, wastewater and groundwater contaminated with heavy metals: a review
    (Desalination Publ, 2022) Alazaiza, Motasem Y. D.; Albahnasawi, Ahmed; Copty, Nadim K.; Bashir, Mohammed J. K.; Nassani, Dia Eddin; Al Maskari, Tahra; Abu Amr, Salem S.
    Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) has been extensively investigated for the remediation of soil, wastewater, and groundwater contaminated with heavy metals. This paper presents a collective review of nZVI synthesis, nZVI interaction mechanisms with heavy metals, factors affecting nZVI reactivity, recent applications of nZVI for heavy metals removal, and the environmental concerns of nZVI application for soil microorganisms and plants. Modified nZVI, spatially biochar supported nZVI (BC@nZVI) and sulfidation nanoscale zero-valent iron (S-nZVI) showed high heavy metals removal efficiency and more stable performance compared to nZVI alone. The removal of heavy metals by nZVI is as a synergistic process where adsorption, oxidation/reduction and precipitation occur simultaneously or in series. pH and organic matter are the main factors that significantly affect nZVI reactivity. Toxic effects of nZVI are observed for the soil microorganisms as the direct contact may cause a decrease in cell viability and membrane damage. A low concentration of nZVI promotes the growth of plant whereas high concentration decreases root length. It is observed that, further research is needed to enhance nZVI recovery techniques, evaluate the effectiveness of novel modified nZVI and their effects on the environment, and the full-scale application of nZVI.
  • Küçük Resim Yok
    Öğe
    Thermal based remediation technologies for soil and groundwater: a review
    (Desalination Publ, 2022) Alazaiza, Motasem Y. D.; Albahnasawi, Ahmed; Copty, Nadim K.; Ali, Gomaa A. M.; Bashir, Mohammed J. K.; Al Maskari, Tahra; Abu Amr, Salem S.
    Thermal remediation technologies are fast and effective tools for the remediation of contaminated soils and sediments. Nevertheless, the high energy consumption and the effect of high temperature on the soil properties may hinder the wide applications of thermal remediation methods. This review highlights the recent studies focused on thermal remediation. Eight types of thermal remediation processes are discussed, including incineration, thermal desorption, stream enhanced extraction, electrical resistance heating, microwave heating, smoldering, vitrification, and pyrolysis. In addition, the combination of thermal remediation with other remediation technologies is presented. Finally, thermal remediation sustainability is evaluated in terms of energy efficiency and their impact on soil properties. The developments of the past decade show that thermal-based technologies are quite effective in terms of contaminant removal but that these technologies are associated with high energy use and costs and can has an adverse impact on soil properties. Nonetheless, it is anticipated that continued research on thermally based technologies can increase their sustainability and expand their applications. Low temperature thermal desorption is a promising remediation technology in terms of land use and energy cost as it has no adverse effect on soil function after treatment and low temperature is required. Overall, selecting the sustainable remediation technology depends on the contaminant properties, soil properties and predicted risk level.