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Öğe 3b yazicilar için cam fiber katkili kompozit filament üretimi ve mekanik özellikleri(2023) Altun, Suat; Sekban, Bugra3B yazıcıların hızlı prototipleme ve özel üretim alanlarında kullanımı hızla artmaktadır. En yaygın kullanılan 3B yazıcı teknolojisi olan eriyik biriktirme yönteminde (FDM), polilaktik asit (PLA) malzeme yaygın olarak tercih edilmektedir. 3D yazıcı baskılarının prototip veya model üretiminin ötesinde kullanılabilir parça üretiminde kullanılabilmesi için kullanılan filamentlerin mekanik özelliklerinin de geliştirilmesi gerekli olmuştur. Bu amaçla takviyeli kompozit filamentlerin geliştirilmesi önemlidir. Bu çalışmada ana amaç cam lifi takviyeli kompozit PLA filament üreterek, özellikle eğilme ve darbe direnci daha yüksek, kullanılabilir parçaların 3B yazıcı ile üretilebilmesine olanak sağlamaktır. Bu amaçla PLA termoplastik malzemeye %5, %10 ve %15 oranlarında cam lifi (CL) katkısı yapılarak çift vidalı ekstrüderde kompozit granül elde edilmiş ve bu granüllerden de 1,75 mm çapında 3B yazıcı filamenti üretilmiştir. Elde edilen kompozit filament kullanılarak 3B yazıcıda yazdırılan parçaların çekme dayanımı (ASTM D638), eğilme dayanımı (ASTM D790) ve darbe direnci (ASTM D6110) değerleri belirlenerek saf PLA’dan üretilen örneklerin değerleriyle karşılaştırılmıştır. 3B yazıcıda parça üretim sürecinde yazdırma parametrelerinin mekanik özelliklere etkisinin belirlenmesi amacıyla da, %10, %50 ve %90 olmak üzere üç farklı doluluk oranı; rectilinear, grid ve honeycomb yazdırma geometrileri ile 190°C ve 210°C yazdırma esnasında ekstrüder sıcaklığı parametreleri kullanılarak deney örnekleri hazırlanmıştır. PLA malzemeye CL katkısı mekanik özellikleri etkilemiş, %5 CLT katkısı ile çekme dayanımında %28, eğilme dayanımında %24 artış; %10 CL katkısı ile de darbe direncinde %8,6 artış elde edilmiştir. CL katkı oranının %15 olması durumunda ise mekanik dirençlerde azalma meydana gelmiştir. Yazdırma parametrelerinden doluluk oranı ile mekanik özellikler arasında doğrusal bir ilişki olduğu ancak yazdırma geometrisi ve sıcaklığının önemli bir etkisinin olmadığı tespit edilmiştir.Öğe Ağaç malzemenin katalitik isıl işlemi(2016) Özçıfçı, Ayhan; Ayrılmıs, Nadir; Altun, Suat; Özbay, Günay; Kökten, Erkan Sami-Öğe THE BENDING MOMENT CAPACITIES OF MITRE FRAME CORNER JOINTS WITH DOVETAIL FITTINGS(State Forest Products Research Inst, 2009) Kilic, Murat; Burdurlu, Erol; Altun, Suat; Berker, Umut OezguerIn this study, the bending moment capacities under the diagonal compression and tensile loadings of the mitre frame corner joints with dovetail fittings were investigated. Solid poplar wood (Populus nigra) was used in the production of framework pieces. Recently, mitre frame corner joints with dovetail fitting are preferred in practice. This has been influential in the making of this study. A total of 80 each mitre frame corner joint specimens with dovetail fitting were prepared for this purpose. Of these, 20 were prepared with polyvinyl acetate (PVAC) adhesive, 20 were prepared with polyurethane (PU) adhesive, 20 were prepared with cyanoacrylate (CA) adhesive and 20 were prepared without adhesive (WA). Solid poplar wood (Populus nigra) was used as a frame material. The specimens were Subjected to diagonal tensile and compression processes in the universal test machine in accordance with ASTM-D 143-94. Tie data obtained at the end of the tests were analyzed statistically and the results were evaluated. According to this, the highest bending moment capacity Under the diagonal compression loading (MC-L) (55.71 N . m) and bending moment capacity under the diagonal tensile loading (MC-T) (160.55 N . m) was obtained in the specimens bonded with PVAC adhesive. Whereas, the lowest MC-L (18.45 N . m) and MC-T (14.06 N . m) was obtained in the specimens without adhesive (WN). The difference between the MC-T and the MC-Cof the specimens bonded with the CA and PU adhesives was insignificant. Accordingly, it is definitely necessary to use adhesives in the bending of dovetail fittings for obtaining a higher MC-T and MC-C. The best result among the available adhesives was obtained with the PVAC adhesive.Öğe A Case Study of Wood Thermoplastic Composite Filament for 3D Printing(North Carolina State Univ Dept Wood & Paper Sci, 2022) Tokdemir, Veysel; Altun, SuatThe 3D printing technology is a method of converting proposed complex geometric shapes into solid models. One of these methods is the FDM (fused deposition modeling) printing technology as a considerably affordable and the most commonly used method in the world. The purpose of this study is to obtain FDM 3D printer filaments that are as natural as possible, resembling wood and evoking the sensation of wood upon touching through deployment of bio-based plastics and additives. Polylactic acid (PLA) and bio thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) were used as matrices, and lignin and Arboform, a lignin-based biomaterial, were used as additives. The characteristics of composites achieved through addition of 10% lignin and Arboform to matrices were identified by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the tensile test. The effects of some printing parameters on the mechanical characteristics were also determined. Lignin induced a decrease in mechanical characteristics for both PLA and TPU. Arboform, on the other hand, demonstrated good bonding with TPU and increased tensile strength. Production of flexible and sufficiently durable parts by means of 10% Arboform-containing TPU filaments was demonstrated.Öğe Determination of Static Fatigue Performance of Upholstery Foams(Kastamonu Univ, Orman Fak, 2012) Gok, Ayse; Yapici, Fatih; Gulsoy, Sezgin Koray; Kurt, Seref; Altun, Suat; Kilinc, Izham; Korkmaz, MustafaIn this study, change of hardness value of polyurethane foam used in furniture upholster was investigated. The dimension of test samples was determined that based on the surface of one seat 45x45x10 cm. The change of hardness value of test samples was determined after testing of fatigue performance applied to7000 times at 50, 70, 90 and 120 kg. Density value of test samples was determined. Result shown that the high density foam was affected less then low density foam during the fatique performance.Öğe Döşemelik süngerlerin statik yorma performanslarının belirlenmesi(2012) Gök, Ayşe; Yapıcı, Fatih; Gülsoy, Sezgin Koray; Kurt, Seref; Altun, Suat; Kılınç, Izham; Korkmaz, MustafaÇalışmada, mobilya döşemeciliğinde kullanılan poliüretan süngerlerin pnömatik bir sistem yardımıyla farklı ağırlıklarda yük uygulanarak sertlik değerlerinde meydana gelen değişimler incelenmiştir. Yapılan bu deney için, ortalama bir oturma yüzey alanı temel alınarak farklı yoğunluklara sahip süngerlerden 45x45x10 cm boyutlarında örnekler elde edilmiş, daha sonra bu örneklere 50, 70, 90, 120 kg gibi farklı ağırlıklarda 7000 kez tekrarlı yükleme işlemine tabi tutularak örneklerin sertlik değerlerinde meydana gelen değişimler belirlenmiştir. Aynı zamanda test örneklerinin yoğunlukları saptanmıştır. Çalışmada kullanılan yüksek yoğunluklu süngerlerin, yorma sonrasında sertlik değerlerinin düşük yoğunluklu süngerlere kıyasla daha az etkilendiği gözlemlenmiştir.Öğe EFFECT OF ADHESIVE TYPE ON THE BENDING MOMENT CAPACITY OF MITER FRAME CORNER JOINTS(North Carolina State Univ Dept Wood & Paper Sci, 2010) Altun, Suat; Burdurlu, Erol; Kilic, MuratThe bending moment capacity was studied under the diagonal tensile and compression loadings of miter corner joints with dovetail fitting in frames made with medium density fiberboard (MDF). The influence of the type of adhesive in the joints with dovetail fitting on bending moment capacity under diagonal tensile and compression loading were considered, and the joints without adhesive were compared. A total of 80 each miter frame corner joint specimens with dovetail fitting were made. Polyvinyl acetate (PVAc), polyurethane (PU), and cyanoacrylate (CA) adhesives were used, and 20 specimens were prepared without adhesive (WA) with dovetail fitting. MDF was used as a frame material, as in normal practice. The specimens were subjected to diagonal tensile and compression loadings in accordance with ASTM-D 143-94. The data were analyzed statistically. The highest bending moment capacity under diagonal tensile loading (46.09 Nm) was obtained in the specimens bonded with CA adhesive and the highest bending moment capacity under diagonal compression loading (72.04 Nm) was obtained in the specimens glued with PVAc adhesive. Other than this, since there is no difference between these and the unbonded joints, the PU adhesive was not effective in increasing the bending moment capacity under diagonal tensile loading, and the PU and CA adhesives were not effective in increasing the bending moment capacity under diagonal compression loadings.Öğe The Effect of Heat Treatment on The Surface Roughness and Varnish Adhesion of Wood(Gazi Univ, 2017) Altun, Suat; Esmer, MusaThe same conventional varnishes which are produced for untreated wood are used for heat treated wood, which is a popular material in recent years, too. Heat treatment causes changes on chemical properties of wood and consequently on physical and surface properties of wood. Because of this, performance of these traditional varnishes can be different on the heat treated substrate. In this study, effects of surface machining and varnish types on the adhesion of varnishes on the heat treated wood were investigated. Planed and sanded heat treated iroko (Chlorophora excelsa), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) wood surfaces were coated by using solvent base (HD), acrylic based waterborne (AS), alkyd based silicon-containing (SI) and urethane alkyd based one component polyurethane (PU) varnishes and varnish adhesion values were determined. The highest adhesion was determined in samples coated with polyurethane varnish. The highest adhesion values were 4.98 MPa, 5.88 MPa, 6.61 MPa in untreated, planed and coated with polyurethane varnish scots pine, iroko and ash, respectively.Öğe Effect of Some Chemicals on Thermal Conductivity of Impregnated Laminated Veneer Lumbers Bonded with Poly(vinyl acetate) and Melamine-Formaldehyde Adhesives(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2009) Kol, Hamiyet Sahin; Altun, SuatThermal conductivity is a very important parameter in determining heat transfer rate and is required for the development of drying models and for the industrial operations such as adhesive cure rate. The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of impregnation on the thermal conductivity of six-layered laminated veneer lumber (LVL) made of beech and pine. Boric acid, zinc chloride, and ammonium sulfate were used as impregnation chemicals and poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) and melamine-formaldehyde (MF) adhesives as bonding agent were used to produce LVLs. The veneers were impregnated by using the vacuum-pressure method. The thermal conductivity test was performed based on ASTM C 1113-99 hot-wire method. Results showed that the impregnation chemicals increase the thermal conductivity. As impregnation chemicals the highest values were obtained with boric acid and zinc chloride. In addition, the thermal conductivity of LVL made of beech was higher than that of LVL made of pine. The thermal conductivity of LVL bonded with PVAc was absolutely higher than LVL bonded with MF in both wood species.Öğe Effect of Some Chemicals on Thermal Conductivity of Laminated Veneer Lumbers Manufactured with Urea formaldehyde and Phenol formaldehyde Adhesives(Kastamonu Univ, Orman Fak, 2008) Sahin Kol, Hamiyet; Ozcifci, Ayhan; Altun, SuatThe objective of this research was to investigate the effects of impregnation materials on the thermal conductivity of six-layered laminated veneer lumber (LVL) made of beech and Scots pine. Zinc chloride and ammonium sulfate as impregnation chemicals and urea formaldehyde (UF) and phenol formaldehyde (PF) adhesives as bonding agent were used to produce LVLs. The veneers were impregnated by using the vacuum-pressure method. The thermal conductivity test was performed based on ASTM C 1113-99 hot-wire method. Results showed that the impregnation chemicals increase the thermal conductivity of LVLs. As impregnation chemicals, the highest value was obtained with ammonium sulfate. In addition, the thermal conductivity of LVL made of beech was higher than that of LVL made of Scots pine. The thermal conductivity of LVL bonded with FF was absolutely higher than LVL bonded with UF in both wood species.Öğe The effect of surface roughness on tensile strength of the medium density fiberboard (MDF) overlaid with polyvinyl chloride (PVC)(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2009) Kilic, Murat; Burdurlu, Erol; Aslan, Salih; Altun, Suat; Tumerdem, OmerThe objective of this study is to determine the effect of the surface roughness on the tensile strength perpendicular to the surface of medium density fiberboard (MDF) overlaid with polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The surfaces of the MDF panels were sanded with four different grit abrasives, 220, 240, 280 and 320-grit, to create different roughness values. The roughness of the panel surfaces were determined in accordance with ISO 4288. The MDF panels were laminated with polyvinyl chloride (PVC) using a polyurethane-based adhesive. A total of 70 samples having the dimensions of 50 x 50 mm from the panels were prepared based on EN 326-1. The universal test machine was used for tensile strength. The test results were statistically analyzed and it was found that the sanding process decreases the surface roughness of the MDF and as the grit size of the abrasives increases, the surface roughness decreases. The surface roughness influences the tensile strength perpendicular to the surface of the overlaid samples. The most suitable surfacing type for lower cost and the highest tensile strength is the sanding with the 240-grit abrasive. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Effects of Catalysts on Modulus of Rupture and Chemical Structure of Heat-Treated Wood(Zagreb Univ, Fac Forestry, 2018) Ozcifci, Ayhan; Kokten, Erkan Sami; Ayrilmis, Nadir; Ozbay, Gunay; Altun, SuatHeat treatment process, which is widely used in the wood industry, has shown some negative effects on the mechanical strength of wood. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of catalysts on the modulus of rupture (MOR), mass loss and chemical structure of heat-treated Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) samples. For this purpose, some catalysts (50 % NaOH and 47 % KOH solutions, solid KOH) were added to the heat treatment process. Heat treatment experiments were performed under the nitrogen atmosphere at the temperature of 212 degrees C for 2 h. The MOR and chemical changes monitored by FT-IR spectra were then examined for the test groups. According to the results of this study, the use of commercial solid potassium hydroxide (KOH) in heat treatment decreased the degree of strength loss and mass loss of heat-treated wood. The strength (MOR) loss of samples heat-treated in the presence of potassium hydroxide was found to be only 5.4 %, while the strength loss in non-catalytic treatment was found to be 12.5 %.Öğe The effects of liquid nitrogen treatment on the some physical and mechanical properties of scots pine and oriental spruce wood(2017) Yörür, Hüseyın; Kayahan, Kadir; Günay, Muhammed Nuri; Altun, Suat; Seker, BelginAğaç malzeme, ahşap yapı sektörü, kent mobilyası ve iç mekân tasarımından mobilya sektörüne kadar yaygın olarak kullanılan yenilenebilir bir kaynaktır. Ağaç malzeme, yanma ve biyolojik faktörlere dayanım açısından bazı olumsuz özelliklere sahiptir. Özellikle ahşap yapı ve kent mobilyalarında kullanılan ağaç malzemeler, ürünün ömrünü uzatmak için yanmaya ve biyolojik faktörlere karşı kaplanır ve/veya emprenye edilir. Emprenye işleminde retensiyonun arttırılması yanmaya karşı dayanımı da arttırır. Bu çalışmada sıvı nitrojen uygulamasının retensiyona etkisi incelenmiştir. Sarıçam ve Doğu ladin odunları vakum-basınç metoduyla firetex ile emprenye işlemi öncesi 30 dakika süreyle sıvı nitrojene maruz bırakılmıştır. Sonuçlara göre retensiyon miktarı, doğu ladini ve sarıçam örneklerinde sıvı nitrojen uygulaması ile arttırılmıştır. Ayrıca, sıvı azotun mekanik özellikler üzerinde önemli bir olumsuz etkisi olmadığı görülmüştür. Bu nedenle, sıvı azot muamelesi, odunun emprenye edilebilirliğini iyileştirmek için etkili bir yöntem olarak uygulanabilirÖğe EFFECTS OF SILICA GEL ON LEACHING RESISTANCE AND THERMAL PROPERTIES OF IMPREGNATED WOOD(Slovak Forest Products Research Inst, 2010) Altun, Suat; Ozcifci, Ayhan; Senel, Ahmet; Baysal, Ergun; Toker, HilmiThe aim of this study was to increase the resistance of fire retardant chemicals for leaching in order to improve the fire resistance of wood. For this purpose, Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) wood impregnated with 3 % aqueous solutions of boric acid, zinc chloride and aluminum chloride at 60 C by using vacuum- press impregnating method according to ASTM D1413-07 standard. In order to increase leaching resistance of the chemicals, wood samples post-treated with sodium silicate and then sodium bicarbonate to form insoluble silica gel in wood. After leaching test, it was determined that silica gel treatment decreased the amount of leachant in all three impregnation solutions. Effect of silica gel on the thermal behavior of treated samples was determined via termogravimetric analysis (TGA). According to the results of TGA silica gel treatment improved the fire resistance property of wood especially in boric acid treated wood.Öğe GLOSSINESS, COLOR STABILITY, AND SURFACE ROUGHNESS OF WOOD TREATED WITH SOME BLEACHING CHEMICALS(State Forest Products Research Inst, 2009) Ozcifci, Ayhan; Yapici, Fatih; Altun, Suat; Toker, Hilmi; Baysal, Ergun; Senel, Ahmet; Simsek, HakanThe aim of this study was to determine the effects of different bleaching chemicals and their treatment time on glossiness, color stability, and surface roughness of wood. Spruce (Picea orientalis L.) and oak (Quercus sessiliflora Salisb.) wood specimens were bleached with aqueous solutions of 25% hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), 25% ammonia (NH(3)), and their mixture (1:1;volume:volume) for 10, 20, and 30 minutes immersing. Glossiness of wood specimens parallel and perpendicular to grain values were measured with Glossmeter at 60-degree incident angle. Color measurements and surface roughness were wade according to ISO 7724 - 2, and ISO 4287 standards, respectively. Results showed that the highest glossiness decrease (0.99) was observed in oak wood treated with ammonia solution perpendicular to grain for 20 min. immersing. The highest total color chance (18.88) was observed in oak wood treated with ammonia solution for 30 minutes immersing. All bleaching solutions increased the surface roughness of wood specimens.Öğe The impact of a water repellent chemical (ruco-dryeco®) used in textile industry on certain physical properties of wood(2023) Altun, Suat; Kapçak, VeyselThis study investigated the impact of a water repellent chemical used in the textile industry on certain physical properties of wood materials. Uludağ fir (Abies bornmülleriana Mattf) and Oriental beech wood (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) were used as wood materials and Ruco-DryEco®, a water-based, fluorine-free product for textile industry, was used as chemical material. This product is used at a concentration of 3% in the treatment of textiles. In the impregnation of wood material samples, 3 different concentrations of solution were used. After the impregnation with 5% and 10% concentrations, the study was repeated at 50% concentration because the expected water repellency was not achieved. Weight percent gain (WPG), bulking effect (BE), water uptake rate (WU), water repellent efficiency (WRE), volumetric swelling (S) and anti-swelling efficiency (ASE) values of the samples treated with this chemical were determined. The results obtained were compared with the control group samples. According to the data obtained, WPG and BE values increased as the solution concentration increased. In addition, the increase in impregnation time and the use of crosslinker also caused a relatively small increase in WPG values. The study revealed that impregnation time did not have much effect on BE. The WU of the samples decreased slightly compared to the control group. As the amount of water repellent adhering to the material increased, WU also decreased. S values of all treatment groups decreased compared to the control group. However, impregnation with low concentration solutions did not provide a significant ASE. For both wood species, higher ASE values were obtained as the solution concentration increased.Öğe AN INVESTIGATION ON COMPRESSION PARALLEL TO GRAIN VALUES OF WOOD IMPREGNATED WITH SOME BORON COMPOUNDS(Slovak Forest Products Research Inst, 2008) Toker, Hilmi; Baysal, Ergun; Ozcifci, Ayhan; Altinok, Mustafa; Sonmez, Abdullah; Yapici, Fatih; Altun, SuatThis study was carried out to determine compression strength parallel to grain of wood impregnated with some boron compounds. Sodium perborate (SP) boric acid, (BA), and borax (BX) were Used as boron compounds. Wood specimens were prepared from Calabrian pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) and beech (Fagus orientalis L.) wood. Before compression test parallel to grain, wood specimens were impregnated with aqueous solutions (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 %) of boron compounds according to ASTM D 1413(1976). Results showed that compression strength parallel to grain values of wood specimens treated with boron compounds were lower compared to untreated control specimens. Borate treatments reduced compression strength parallel to grain of wood in significant level compared to untreated control. The compression strength parallel to grain values of wood specimens were the highest for untreated control specimen followed by BA, BX, and SP treated wood specimens, respectively. In general, our results showed that the higher concentration levels of boron compounds, the lower compression strength parallel to grain values of wood resulted.Öğe Isıl işlemin bazı ağaç malzemelerde yüzey pürüzlülüğü ve vernik yapışma direncine etkisi(2017) Altun, Suat; Esmer, MusaSon yılların en çok araştırılan konularından olan ısıl işlem görmüş ağaç malzemeler için de geleneksel üst yüzey malzemeleri kullanılmaktadır. Isıl işlem malzemenin fiziksel ve kimyasal yapısında değişimlere neden olduğundan, geleneksel üst yüzey malzemelerinin katman performansını da etkileyeceği düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmada ısıl işlem görmüş ağaç malzemede, yüzey hazırlık işleminin ve vernik çeşidinin, vernik yapışma direnci üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Thermowood yöntemi ile ısıl işlem görmüş Dişbudak (Fraxinus excelsior L.), Sarıçam (Pinus sylvestris Lipsky) ve İroko (Chlorophora excelsa) örneklerinin zımparalanmış ve rendelenmiş yüzeylerine; solvent bazlı sentetik esaslı, renk pigmentli yarı şeffaf vernik (HD), alkid bağlayıcı esaslı silikonlu vernik (Sİ), üretan alkid kombinasyon esaslı tek bileşenli poliüretan (PÜ) vernik ve akrilik esaslı su bazlı vernik (AS) uygulanmış, yüzey pürüzlülüğünün ve vernik çeşidinin vernik yapışma direncine etkileri ortaya konmuştur. Isıl işlem görmüş örneklerde vernik yapışma direncinin genellikle daha düşük olduğu belirlemiştir. En yüksek vernik yapışma direnci, poliüretan vernikte tespit edilmiştir. Sarıçam, iroko ve dişbudakta en yüksek yapışma direnci değerleri sırasıyla 4.98 MPa, 5.88 MPa, 6.61 MPa olarak, kontrol grubu rendelenmiş yüzeyde, poliüretan vernikte tespit edilmiştirÖğe Modeling of Mechanical Properties of Wood-Polymer Composites with Artificial Neural Networks(North Carolina State Univ Dept Wood & Paper Sci, 2024) Eroglu, Mustafa Altay; Altun, Suat; Ciritcioglu, Hasan HuseyinMechanical properties (tensile strength (TS), modulus of elasticity in tensile (MET), flexural strength (FS), modulus of elasticity (MOE)) of the material to be obtained depending on the production parameters in the production of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) wood-polymer composites with Scots pine wood flour additive were predicted using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) model and without destructive testing. In the first stage of the study, an ANN model was developed using data from 56 different studies in the literature on the mechanical properties of wood polymer composites. In the second stage, in order to determine the reliability of the model, output values were estimated using input parameters that had not been used in training and testing of the model. Based on the same input parameters, test specimens were produced and mechanical tests were performed. The results obtained from the experiments and ANN model were compared by considering the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) value. The coefficient of determination (R 2 ) values obtained in the training and testing phase of the ANN models were all higher than 0.90. In this way, the mechanical properties of the wood polymer composite were successfully predicted by the ANN model. Because most of the MAPE values obtained from the mechanical tests were below 10%, the model was considered a reliable model.Öğe Modification with Melamine Formaldehyde and Melamine-Urea Formaldehyde Resin to Improve the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Wood(North Carolina State Univ Dept Wood & Paper Sci, 2017) Altun, Suat; Tokdemir, VeyselScots pine and white poplar were modified with melamine formaldehyde (MF) and melamine-urea formaldehyde (MUF) resins to improve their physical and mechanical properties. Impregnation was conducted at 4 bar pressure for 30 or 60 min, and the samples were cured at a temperature of 150 degrees C for 40 min in an oven. The density, equilibrium moisture content, weight percent gain, bulking effect, water uptake, volumetric swelling, anti-swelling efficiency, modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, compression strength parallel to the grain, and Brinell hardness of the modified wood were determined. The anti-swelling efficiencies were 57% and 74% in Scots pine and white poplar, respectively, using the melamine formaldehyde resin. Modification of white poplar with melamine-urea formaldehyde increased the modulus of elasticity, compression strength, and Brinell hardness considerably. Both resins were successful at improving the physical and mechanical properties of Scots pine and white poplar woods.
