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    Protective effects of ellagic acid against chemotherapy-induced hepatotoxicity
    (Duzce University Medical School, 2020) Yalçin, A.; Keles, H.; Kahraman, T.; Bozkurt, M.F.; Aydin, H.
    Aim: Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent despite its toxic adverse effects, including hepatotoxicity. Ellagic acid (EA) is an antioxidant agent and exhibits free radical scavenging activities. In this experimental study, the effects of EA on CP-induced liver injury were investigated. Material and Methods: Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats (180-220 gr) were separated into four equal groups. A single dose of 150 mg/kg CP was given intraperitoneally to generate hepatotoxicity. Different doses (50 and 75 mg/kg) of EA were administered orally 20 minutes before, 4 and 8 hours after CP administration. The histopathological evaluation of kidney tissues and immunohistochemical evaluation for caspase-3 were conducted as well as the serum biochemical analyses. Results: CP treated group exhibited a significant increase in serum hepatic enzymes, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), compared to the control group. Similarly, the total triglycerides (TG) and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) levels increased significantly. Additionally, the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels decreased, which was not significant, compared to the control group. At both EA doses, VLDL-C, AST, ALT levels decreased significantly while HDL-C level revealed a significant increase. 75 mg/kg EA treatment caused a non-significant elevation in total cholesterol (TC) concentration. Microscopic analysis showed a significant congestion, edema, degeneration and necrosis in the livers of CP administered group. However, edema, degeneration, and necrosis were significantly reduced in animals treated with EA-75. In addition, caspase-3 expression significantly decreased in EA-75 group. Conclusion: These results indicate the protective effects of EA in CP-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. © 2020, Duzce University Medical School. All rights reserved.
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    The role of heparan sulphate in pathogenesis of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever disease
    (2013) Guven, F.M.K.; Aydin, H.; Kaya, A.; Engin, A.; Kenan, Celik, V.; Korkmaz, I.; Atli, B.
    Background & objectives: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a viral infection typically transmitted by tick bite. This study is to define the level of heparan sulphate (HS) in serum/urine since HS may play a role in the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic events in the patients with CCHF. Methods: In this study, the patient group consisted of 79 cases with a positive diagnosis of CCHF according to PCR/ELISA outcome among the patients referred to Cumhuriyet University, School of Medicine in 2010. A total of 81 volunteers who had not any viral or metabolic disease were enrolled as the control group. The blood samples were centrifuged, and the serum and urine samples obtained were stored at -80°C until they were studied. Then, these samples were simultaneously dissolved, and HS level was spectrophotometrically measured using glycosaminoglycans specific 1-9, dimethyl-methylene blue (DMMB) stain. Results: A statistically significant increase in the HSserum values was found both in the individuals under and above 16 yr old in the patient groups compared to the controls (p <0.05). Also there was a statistically significant increase in the urine levels of HS in the cases >16 yr old compared to the controls (p <0.05). Interpretations & conclusion: Increase of the serum/urine levels of HS was though to be due to vascular endothelium damage and to liver injury as well as vascular endothelium damage in the patients who died. Further, comprehensive studies are needed to demonstrate whether the serum/urine levels of HS are correlated to liver and vascular endothelium damage and prognosis of the disease.