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Öğe Conceptual Design of Wireless Smart Grid for the Optimization of Electric Transmission in Iraq(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023) Abbas, A.B.; Almohammedi, A.A.; Balfaqih, M.; Darshi, S.Rapid development of technology has resulted in a considerable increase in electricity consumption, which has created a barrier not only because of the generation but also in delivery. Thus, when demand increases, the complexity of the electrical network increases as a result of the increased need for improved dependability, efficiency, protection, energy, and environmental sustainability. According to the world bank statistics, Iraq's loss was 51% during distribution, and it is considered significantly high. This study proposes a wireless network-based design for detecting and optimizing Iraq's electricity distribution infrastructure. Moreover, the suggested module is composed of several data gathering methods that are required for the various paths of the power distribution systems. This design offers viable support for a variety of issues confronting Iraq's power distribution systems, including variable voltage levels caused by fluctuating electrical usage, power burglary, manual invoicing, and transmission line breakdowns. The suggested design is intended for use with single-phase power transmission systems; however, it may be adapted for use with three-phase power distribution systems with slight improvements. The introduction of this method will result in significant energy savings, allowing for the availability of electricity to a greater number of users than previously possible in a crowded place. The suggested smart grid design, which was created for the Iraq context, permits real-time control of energy consumption, optimal electricity consumption, minimal loss, diagnosis of power failures, breakdowns, and automatic invoicing. © 2023 IEEE.Öğe Design and Implementation of IoT-Enabled Intelligent Fire Detection System Using Neural Networks(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Almohammedi, A.A.; Balfaqih, M.; Nahas, S.; Bokhari, A.; Alqudsi, A.Fire detection systems are considered an integral part of any building. However, most fire detection systems use a single passive sensor that usually faces some unavoidable problems, especially with the use of simple processing systems using threshold and trend algorithms. Although more than a single sensor and fire information are used in some existing systems, the real-time fire information and firefighting forecasting are not monitored. Such information facilitates good decision making in firefighting and rescue operations. This paper develops a fast and smart fire detection and monitoring system that can detect and monitor fire incidents with low probability of detection error. The system involves IoT sensors that detect all necessary fire information including heating release rate smoke level, and CO2 level. Moreover, a fire detection and monitoring model based on artificial neural networks is developed to identify fire information in real-time. The proposed system was tested in a chamber box with around 20 experiments. The positive fire detection rate was high with fast fire detection rate. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.Öğe High Gain and Efficiency Triple U-shaped Slots Microstrip Patch Antenna for 5G Applications(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023) Almohammedi, A.A.; Raad, A.; Darshi, S.; Shepelev, V.; Mohd, Yusof, M.H.; Balfaqih, M.The 28 GHz band is a frequency band that has been allocated for use in 5G mobile communication networks. It is part of the millimeter wave spectrum, which is a range of frequencies between 30 GHz and 300 GHz. This study proposes and investigates the 28 GHz 5G networks. A modified single element patch antenna with three grooved U-shaped holes is shown and is used to indicate a high gain and Efficiency for 28 GHz 5G antenna. The proposed antenna consists of the radiation element on a RTRogers 5880 laminate and is actuated by a microstrip feedline. The proposed work includes the most desirable characteristics, such as small size, light weight, low-cost fabrication and wide operation up to 1.4 GHz (27.1 - 28.5 GHz). The proposed antenna design also offers a high efficiency up to 89.73 %, high gain up to 8.14 dBi, and return loss up to -30 dB, resulting in attractive performance. The results obtained show that the antenna is a viable candidate for 5G applications at 28 GHz. © 2023 IEEE.Öğe An Intelligent Movies Recommendation System Based Facial Attributes Using Machine Learning(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023) Balfaqih, M.; Altwaim, A.; Almohammedi, A.A.; Yusof, M.H.M.Movie theaters and platforms offer a wide selection of movies that require filtering to match the preferences of individual users. Recommender systems are an effective tool for this task. This study introduces a hybrid recommender system that combines collaborative filtering and content-based approaches to provide personalized movie recommendations. The proposed system considers age, gender, emotion, and genre attributes to ensure the suitability of the recommended movies. The proposed system targets the visitors of cinema theaters to try a new experience of choosing the next movie to watch by recognizing the visitor's face to determine his/her age, gender and emotion using camera. Therefore, our system is expected to achieve better results than traditional approaches. The system's performance is evaluated using standard metrics such as precision, recall, and F1-measure. The findings indicated that the proposed system outperforms the benchmark system in the most tested scenarios. However, the precision of the benchmark work is slightly higher in (8-14 and 15-24) age groups. © 2023 IEEE.Öğe Resistors Over Digital Analog Converter on PRBS Threat Generator with PLL Synchronizer: Comparison Between R2R & Weighted(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023) Almohammedi, A.A.; Yusof, M.H.M.; Bin, Tuan, Muda, S.R.; Shepelev, V.; Balfaqih, M.; Shamsuddin, S.Intrusion Detection System (IDS) must be developed based on latest live traffic dataset. This will facilitate the study on new attributes of current threat. Once again, researchers are locked on the same vicious circle of inability to access live traffic dataset. This is coupled with public domain logged dataset may not be useful for a new threat research. Due to these standing hurdles, Pseudo Random Binary Sequence (PRBS) is used to generate synthetic dataset in IDS studies. One of its components is the Digital to Analog (D/A) converter. There are two types of D/A implementations; 1) through Weighted and 2) R2R resistors. This paper compares the advantages and the disadvantages of designing D/A converter by using the abovementioned resistors. It is advisable to opt for R2R version over Weighted Resistor since it is easier and practical to choose the multiple types of resistors during circuit design process. Furthermore, the shifted parallel output from the circuit can be synchronized by the proposed PLL circuit. © 2023 IEEE.Öğe A Smart and Privacy-Preserving Logistics System Based on IoT and Blockchain Technologies(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023) Balfaqih, M.; Balfagih, Z.; Almohammedi, A.A.; Alfawaz, K.M.The smart city concept serves the well-being of the urban population in order to improve quality of life in different life aspects including logistic services. However, the continuous growth of logistics volume combined with information opaqueness and process complexity led to challenging issues related to managing the services and information of logistics. Hence, efficient management of logistics activities with traceability and condition monitoring capabilities is required to ensure quality and safe delivery. It is necessary also to ensure the accuracy and dependability of distribution data. In this context, this paper proposes a smart and privacy-preserving logistics system for high-price goods distribution. An intelligent parcel (iParcel) containing piezoresistive sensors is developed to pack delivered goods during shipping process for violation detection such as severe fall or theft. Moreover, smart contracts based on blockchain is also developed for automatic approval and payment with the consideration of distributing the shipping information between legitimate logistics parties only. A zero-knowledge proof is used to conceal blockchain address and prove the authentication. iParcels are automatically tracked and traced in which upon violation occurrence, the contract is cancelled, and the payment is refunded. The transaction fee per party is reasonable for high-price products in the pay of guarantee successful shipment. © 2023 IEEE.
