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Öğe How to reduce pesticide exposure in farmers: An interventional study(Ios Press, 2023) Cevik, Celalettin; Ozdemir, Raziye; Ari, SezginBACKGROUND: Pesticide poisoning is a serious public health problem. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to investigate the effect of safe pesticide application training given to farmers on their behaviors towards compliance with protective measures. METHODS: In this interventional study, the target population was 9750 farmers living in Turkey. To achieve a study power of 95%, type I error and the effect size were assumed as 5% and 0.50 respectively. In the study, 61 farmers were selected using the systematic sampling method. Farmers were interviewed twice, before and after the training, and at each interview, they were asked questions about their pesticide use-related behaviors in the last four sprayings. In the analysis, the paired t-test, repeated measures of ANOVA (post hoc: Bonferroni) were used. RESULTS: The scores the participants obtained from the Pesticide Exposure Prevention Behavior Form which questions their compliance with protective measures taken during pesticide applications at the post-interview were significantly higher than were the scores they obtained at the pre-interview (P < 0.001). The analysis of the independent variables demonstrated that the scores obtained from the Pesticide Exposure Prevention Behavior Form at the post-interview were significantly different from those obtained at the pre-interview in almost all of the subgroups in terms of their sociodemographic characteristics. CONCLUSION: It was observed that the training given to the farmers on the safe use of pesticides encouraged the farmers to develop positive behavioral changes. The study emphasizes the importance of implementing ongoing health education programs for farmers.Öğe Occupational acute pesticide poisoning: a cross-sectional study of Turkish vegetable and fruit farmers based on self-reported symptoms and job characteristics(Mattioli 1885, 2020) Cevik, Celalettin; Ozdemir, Raziye; Ari, SezginBackground: Occupational pesticide poisoning is an important public health concern worldwide, especially in developing countries. Objectives: This study was aimed at determining the prevalence and risk factors of acute pesticide poisoning (APP) among the vegetable and fruit farmers in Karacabey District in northwest Turkey. Methods: The study group consisted of 565 farmers. The dependent variable of the study is APP defined according to the World Health Organization's APP case definition matrix. The study's independent variables are the farmers' sociodemographic characteristics and the preventive measures they use when they are applying pesticides. The chi-square and logistic regression analysis analyzed the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. Results: A total of 64 (11.3%) farmers reported APP and 75% of them presented to a health institution due to symptoms. The factors associated with increased risk of APP were: illiteracy (odds ratio (OR)=2.5), 14 years and less farming experience (OR=3.3), not reading the pesticide labels (OR=6.4), and contact with liquid pesticides (OR=2.3). Conclusions: The study shows that approximately one out often farmers experience APP Training programs should be planned and monitored to improve farmers' awareness of the dangers of pesticides, and they should be encouraged to adopt and implement protective measures.Öğe Prevalence and risk factors for elder abuse: A community-based cross-sectional study from North West Turkey(Springer, 2023) Cevik, Celalettin; Ozdemir, Raziye; Koran, Nurullah; Agin, AbdurrahmanThe aim of the authors of this community-based study was to determine the prevalence of abuse perpetrated against the elderly living in a neighborhood in northwestern Turkey and related factors. This cross-sectional study was carried out in Balikesir between November 2018 and May 2019. The Sample size was calculated as 520 in the Epiinfo program (95% confidence level, 50% prevalence, 4% deviation and 1.5% design effect). The chi-square, student t tests and logistic regression mode were used analysis. Having income equal to or less than expenses increased the risk of being abused 5.4 times (p = 0.011), living in residential areas outside the district for a long time increased it 2.5 times (p = 0.018), having a secondary or lower education increased it 2.1 times (p = 0.022), having sleep problems increased it 1.9 times (p = 0.023). The results of the study show that one out of every five elderly was subjected to abuse. Economic problems are the most important factor increasing the risk of exposure to abuse. There is a need for comprehensive public health approaches and social policies in planning services for the elderly.Öğe Unmet needs for family planning among married women aged 15-49 years living in two settlements with different socioeconomic and cultural characteristics: a cross-sectional study from Karabuk Province in Turkey(Coll Medicine & Dentistry James Cook Univ Townsville, 2019) Ozdemir, Raziye; Cevik, Celalettin; Ciceklioglu, MeltemAim: The aim of the study was to investigate levels and related factors of the unmet needs for family planning among married women aged 15-49 years living in two settlements (rural and urban) having different economic, social and cultural structures in Karabuk, a province in north-western Turkey. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the rural Cumayani village and the urban Emek neighbourhood between October 2016 and June 2017. The sample size was determined to be 289 married women aged 15-49 years from each settlement according to the effect size of 0.3, alpha error probability of 0.05 and power of 0.95. In the study, 594 currently married women (298 from Cumayani and 296 from Emek) were contacted. The dependent variable was the level of unmet need for family planning. The independent variables included the sociodemographic and reproductive characteristics of the women. The data were collected through face-to-face interviews. The characteristics of the two settlements were compared using the chi(2) test. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were carried out to examine the factors associated with the dependent variable. Results: The comparison of the participants demonstrated that the education, employment and income levels of the rural women were lower than those of the urban women (p<0.001). The rural women had more pregnancies, miscarriages and stillbirths, and the mortality among their children was higher compared to the urban women (p<0.001). The level of unmet need for family planning in Cumayani village was about twice that of Emek neighbourhood (9.7% v 5.4%). The multivariate analysis was conducted separately for each settlement. Marrying by way of only a religious ceremony increased the level of unmet need for family planning by 4.61 times (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3-16.1) (p=0.016) in Cumayani. The multivariate analysis of all the women participating in the study revealed that marriage by way of only a religious ceremony increased the level of unmet need by 4.96 times (95%CI 1.4-17.1) (p=0.011). Conclusion: The study showed the effects of socioeconomic and cultural factors on women's fertility behaviours and unmet needs for family planning to favour urban women. Not being married by civil marriage was a significant predictor of unmet need. These findings highlight a need for intervention, particularly for the empowerment of rural women, in order to improve reproductive health outcomes.
