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Öğe Designing, manufacturing and performance experiments of heat pump red pepper dryer assisted solar energy(2010) Aktas, M.; Ceylan, I.; Dogan, H.; Aktekeli, Z.In this study, redpeppers were dried in a heat pump dryer assisted solar energy. Redpeppers have been dried from initial moisture content (10.81 g water/g dry matter) to final moisture content (0.16 g water/g dry matter) by using heat pipe solar collector and air to air heat pump system. In the drying system, 24 h drying period was provided heat pump support. In PID controlled dryer, air velocity changed according to the temperature value which is set in process control device. Redpeppers were dried at 50°C dry bulb temperature and average 0.4 m/s air velocity in a period of 210 min. According to experiment results, average heating coefficient performance (COPwh) and specific moisture extraction rate (SMERws) were calculated for whole system as 2.24 and 0.209 kg/kWh respectively.© 2010 TIB1D Printed in Turkey.Öğe Energy analysis of concentrated photovoltaic/thermal panels with nanofluids(International Journal of Thermodynamics, 2021) Dumrul, H.; Yilmaz, S.; Kaya, M.; Ceylan, I.In this study, a prototype system was established for location heating application and electricity generation through utilizing two concentrated photovoltaic thermal panels (CPV/T) possessing flat surface receivers connected in series with each other. The purpose of the system is to supply the heating needs of a room in winter season and to meet the electricity requirement of the equipment used in this system. In the analysis of the installed system, different refrigerants (10% mono propylene glycol + 90% water and 0.5% Al2O3-water nanofluid) were tested at three different flow rates (0.4 m3/h, 0.5 m3/h, 0.6 m3/h). Throughout the experiments, the fan-coil air outlet temperature used to heat the room was adjusted to 35 °C with an inverter and a process control device. The results attained from the experiments carried out using different fluids throughout different months and days (April-May) have demonstrated that the thermal and electrical efficiencies of the system are found to be in good agreement with each other when evaluated in terms of the fluids utilized. The highest electrical energy recovery was found as 268 W at 0.6 m3/h flow rate for propylene glycol-water mixture and 194 W at 0.5 m3/h flow rate for nanomixture. The total thermal energy efficiency for the system using different fluids was found to be around 22%. The total thermal energy gain of the system was also calculated as 2312 W at 0.6 m3/h for the propylene glycol mixture and 2041 W at 0.5 m3/h for the nanomixture. © 2021 International Journal of Thermodynamics. All rights reserved.Öğe Energy and exergy analyses of a temperature controlled solar water heater(2012) Ceylan, I.The aim of the current study was to develop a new temperature controlled solar water heater (TCSWH). Therefore, process control equipment and solenoid valves were used in the TCSWH system for the development. TCSWH was experimentally analyzed at 40°C, 45°C, 50°C and 55°C and it was also compared with the thermosiphon system. A detailed comparison was performed by calculating stored energy, storage tank water temperatures, storage tank water amounts and system efficiencies for both of the systems. As a result, the TCSWH system could provide water temperature at the set value with ±2°C accuracy. In the TCSWH system, the highest average efficiency was obtained as a result of the experiments carried out at 40 and 45°C. In solar water heaters, efficiency is not the only indicator of usable energy amount in the system storage tank. Although efficiencies of the systems of which water amounts at low temperature are high, the energy they store is useless energy. For that reason, the importance of useable energy in the storage tank was emphasized with graphics by comparing TCSWH system to the thermosiphon system. The amount of water was obtained as 84 kg when the control device was set to 45°C in the TCSWH and the amount of water in the thermosiphon system was obtained 52 kg at the same temperature. In addition to average energy efficiency was obtained as 65% for the TCSWH and 60% for the thermosiphon system. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.Öğe EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF PID-CONTROLLED HEAT RECOVERY AIR HANDLING UNIT BY MACHINE LEARNING METHODS(Begell House Inc., 2023) Budak, E.; Korkmaz, M.; Dogan, A.; Ceylan, I.The need for energy continues to increase rapidly all over the world day by day. The demand for energy is rising in developing economies and industrial production areas in these economies. Energy is one of the essential inputs for business areas. Today, most energy is used in buildings for the purpose of heating, cooling, and air conditioning. The problem with air-conditioning systems is that the airflow remains constant despite the change in the number of people in the interior areas. The interest of this paper is to explore how the thermal comfort and air quality of a cloud-based proportional integral derivative (PID)-controlled plate heat exchanger recovery air handling unit were investigated in a classroom environment. Depending on the variables of the temperature and humidity of the outdoor environment, the number of students in the classroom, and the amount of fresh air sent to the indoor environment, the temperature, humidity, and air quality values of the indoor environment were controlled. In line with the data received from the cloud-based system, indoor temperature and indoor air quality values were analyzed by using the machine learning methods separately, that is, support vector machine (SVM), Gauss process regression (GPR), regression trees (RT), and ensembles of trees (ET). In the experiment set, the class’s CO2, temperature, and relative humidity values were compared with the R2 values by machine learning methods when the air handling unit was started. As a result of the comparison, the R2 value of the amount of CO2 was obtained from the GPR method at 99%, the temperature amount from the GPR method at 93%, and the relative humidity amount from the GPR method at 98%. © 2023 Begell House Inc.. All rights reserved.Öğe Hazelnut drying in a dryer assisted heat pump(2008) Ceylan, I.; Aktas, M.In this study, hazelnut drying was examined experimentally at kiln assisted heat pump. After the drying hazelnuts were analyzed emotionally, moisture change was observed with mass measurement method. After the drying increasing of the quality of hazelnuts were provided by applying necessary first preparation and last control operations with this drying kiln which has been required by producers, has low first investment and energy expense.Öğe Investigation of life cycle CO2 emissions of the polycrystalline and cadmium telluride PV panels(Elsevier B.V., 2020) Yildiz, G.; Çalis, B.; Gürel, A.E.; Ceylan, I.The importance of energy increases in human life with the development of technology. However, most of the world's energy needs are still met by fossil fuels. The interest in renewable energy is increasing due to the increase in demand for fossil fuels, their limitedness, and environmental damage. Solar energy, which is an unlimited and clean energy source, is among the most popular renewable energy sources. Solar energy is used by processes such as heating and electricity generation. In this study, the emission amount of polycrystalline and cadmium telluride (CdTe) photovoltaic (PV) panels to the environment during the life cycle were compared. During the life cycle, the amount of emission released to the environment during the production, recycling, and electricity generation of the panel was determined. In addition, energy payback times of these two PV types were calculated. The emission amount for both of 1 m2 polycrystalline and CdTe PV panel throughout the life cycle was determined to be 201.4 and 115.04 kg?CO2, respectively. Besides, the average energy payback period of the polycrystalline panel is 0.92 years, while it is 0.57 years for the CdTe panel. In addition, the emission amount of the solar panel and the natural gas-powered thermal power plant known as a clean energy source were compared. As a result, a huge difference was observed between the emission amount released by the PV panel to the environment and the emission released as a result of the energy produced by the thermal power plant under the same conditions during its 17-year lifetime. PV panel saves 1.72 tons of CO2 emissions compared to the thermal power plant, and so PV panels appear to be 9.52 times more environmentally friendly. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.Öğe The prediction of photovoltaic module temperature with artificial neural networks(Elsevier Ltd, 2014) Ceylan, I.; Erkaymaz, O.; Gedik, E.; Gurel, A.E.In this study, photovoltaic module temperature has been predicted according to outlet air temperature and solar radiation. For this investigation, photovoltaic module temperatures have been determined in the experimental system for 10, 20, 30, and 40 °C ambient air temperature and different solar radiations. This experimental study was made in open air and solar radiation was measured and then this measured data was used for the training of ANN. Photovoltaic module temperatures have been predicted according to solar radiation and outside air temperature for the Aegean region in Turkey. Electrical efficiency and power was also calculated depending on the predicted module temperature. Kutahya, U§ak and Afyon are the most suitable cities in terms of electrical efficiency and power product in the Aegean region in Turkey.Öğe Solarmeter Design for High Solar Radiation Measurement and Experimental Validation(TUBITAK, 2019) Ergün, A.; Ceylan, I.; Aydin, M.; Gürel, A.E.; Koçbulut, G.In this study, a solar meter was designed to measure high solar radiation. The solar meter uses the characteristic properties of a solar cell in order to measure solar radiation. In this way, measurements can be carried out without any limitations. The solar radiation equation was entered into the ARDUINO microcontroller in the solar meter, and the results were compared through another commercial solar meter. These results were entered into STATGRAPHIC software and three different functions with high regression values were obtained. These three functions were entered into the Arduino microcontroller and the experiments were repeated. According to the comparisons made using commercial device, R2 values were determined as 0.944, 0.936, 0.938, and 0.986 for the first equation and for three different functions, respectively. Based on the values obtained, it has been determined that the solar meter can make highly accurate measurements and after the development of appropriate functions, it can be employed especially in high solar radiation concentrated systems. © 2019, TUBITAK. All rights reserved.
