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    Don DeLillo ve George Orwell’in Seçilen Romanlarında Laikleşme
    (2021-01-02) Chnani, Abbas Bashar Hassan
    Though it has been vigorously discussed in the social sciences recently, the subject of secularisation has seldom been inspected in modern literature. Modern literary writers are believed to be straightforwardly secular – the attention to religion is either entirely absent or personal. Modern writers engage secularisation and secularism following a reliable set of demonstrative strategies, in spite of their dissimilar experiences of religion as well as the ethno-cultural and linguistic alterations one finds among the modern literary writers. However, This study aims to analyse three of Don DeLillo’s novels, namely: Libra (1988) which is the first one to be discussed in chapter two, and Mao II (1991) will be the second, besides the third which is Underworld (1997), and three of Orwell's novels: Animal Farm (1945), 1984 (1949), and A Clergyman's Daughter (1935) studied in the third chapter. The analysis will be based on the notion of secularisation. In the first chapter of the current study, the research explains the historical origins of secularisation, the dimensions of the term, and its relationship with the theory of Marxism. The second chapter will be devoted to discussing DeLillo’s abovementioned novel. In the case of Libra, the study will seek the religious motivation behind the assassination of President Kennedy. Mao II will be discussed in light of the clash between religious and secular media. Finally, Underworld will be discussed as a postsecular work that witnesses the shift or turn of societies and individuals to something after secularism. In the third chapter, the study will focus on Orwell's novels. In discussing Orwell's abovementioned novels, the study will trace the relationship between religion and secularism. It will be shown that, although Orwell rarely employs religion in his writings, but when he does, he refers to it as a tool of manipulation. Keywords: Secularisation, secularism, Marxism, religion, Postsecularism.