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  • Küçük Resim Yok
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    Anatomical Differences of Variant Intracranial Cysts
    (Nigerian Medical Assoc, Enugu State, 2020) Colak, Tuncay; Bamac, Belgin; Erdogan, Mehtap; Orha, Ayla Tekin; Acar, Derya; Ozbek, Aydin
    Cavum vergae, cavum septum pellucidum and cavum veli interpositi are brain midline embryological developmental cysts. They are rarely seen after trauma. Generally, they do not constitute clinical findings. These cysts sometimes become enlarged and become symptomatic. Enlarged cysts cause severe neurological dysfunction. During normal fetal development, the development of the adjacent structures of the limbic system and the septum pellucidum are synchronized. It is thought that dysgenesis in these adjacent structures may affect the lamina fusion of septum pellucidum and cause cavum septum pellucidum. Anterior one of the cavities that arise when septum pellucidum laminae do not join after birth is called cavum septum pellucidum (CSP). The one in the posterior is called cavum vergae (CV). Velum interpositum (VI) is a potential cavity below the corpus callosum splenium and sometimes presents as a cyst. Cavum veli interpositi (CVI) is located in the pineal area, below the columna fornicis and above the tela choroidea of the 3rd ventricle. Because of its rarity, the incidence of CVI cyst is uncertain. The CV obliterates from the front to the front and is seen with the cavum septum pellucidum. CSP and CV are cavities that are present in fetal life but are considered as variant intracranial defects that do not close 6 months after birth. CVI is rarely seen embryo logically in fetal life in children over 2 years and adults. These cysts are rare in adults. In this study, anatomical features and clinical reflections of CSP, CV and CVI were reviewed.
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    Therapeutic Effect of Melatonin on CCl4-Induced Fibrotic Liver Model by Modulating Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and TGF-?1 Signaling Pathway in Pinealectomized Rats
    (Springer/Plenum Publishers, 2024) Cinar, Derya; Altinoz, Eyup; Elbe, Hulya; Bicer, Yasemin; Cetinavci, Dilan; Ozturk, Ipek; Colak, Tuncay
    The study aimed to determine the CCl4-induced liver fibrosis model in pinealectomized rats and biochemically, immunohistochemically, and histopathologically investigate the therapeutic effect of melatonin on liver fibrosis. The surgical procedure for pinealectomy was performed at the beginning of the study, and the sham and pinealectomized rats were administered CCl4 dissolved in corn oil (1:1) alone every other day to induce liver fibrosis or together with melatonin (10 mg/kg) therapy for 15 days. Melatonin is an essential therapeutic agent and offers an alternative therapeutic strategy in CCl4-induced liver fibrosis by suppressing inflammation, oxidative stress, and the TGF-beta 1 signaling pathway. Treatment with melatonin ameliorated CCl4-induced liver fibrosis by restoring hepatocellular damage and reducing plasma AST, ALT, and ALP values. Melatonin increases the activity of SOD and CAT, which are important enzymes for antioxidant defence, and raises GSH levels, which further enhances antioxidant function. Also, melatonin reduced hepatic inflammation (IL-6 and IL-1 beta) and oxidative stress indices. Moreover, histopathological changes and immunohistochemical expression of TGF-beta 1 were restored following melatonin supplementation in the CCl4-induced liver fibrosis model in pinealectomized rats. Our study shows that melatonin supplementation has a beneficial effect in protecting the liver fibrosis induced by CCl4 in pinealectomized rats.