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Öğe Amelioration of subchronic acrylamide toxicity in large intestine of rats by organic dried apricot intake(Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, 2015) Erdemli, M.E.; Dogan, Z.; Çigremis, Y.; Akgöz, M.; Altinöz, E.; Geçer, M.; Türköz, Y.Acrylamide (AA) has neurotoxic, mutagenic, and genotoxic effects in humans and experimental animals. Fruit consumption is important for human health, because fruits are the source of many nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, carotenoids, dietary fiber, and phytonutrients. Many agricultural products provide natural melatonin in the diet. At the onset of the study, rats were weighted and randomly divided into four groups each containing 10 rats as follows: group 1: control (fed with normal diet and normal drinking water); group 2: apricot (fed with a daily diet with 5% apricot and normal drinking water); group 3: AA (administered daily acrylamide at 500 ?g/kg b.w. via drinking water and fed a normal diet); group 4: apricot-AA (administered daily acrylamide at 500 ?g/kg b.w. via drinking water and fed with a diet with 5% apricot). The diet schedule was continued for 12 weeks. At the end of the study, samples of large intestine were collected for biochemical analyses. The highest lipid peroxidation (as malondialdehyde, MDA) levels were observed in the AA groups, but MDA levels decreased significantly (P < 0.05) with apricot intake. Glutathione peroxidase activity in the apricot- AA group was higher than in the other three groups (P < 0.05). Glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzyme activity increased significantly in the AA group as compared with the other groups (P < 0.05). However, GST activity was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased by the apricot-supplemented diet. GST-Pi mRNA levels in the AA group increased significantly (P < 0.05) as compared with the other groups. In conclusion, the results of the current study demonstrated that AA caused large intestine damage and showed the efficiency of apricot in preventing this damage by inhibiting lipid peroxidation and improving antioxidant enzyme activities. © TÜBİTAKÖğe Effect of chemotherapy exposure prior to pregnancy on fetal brain tissue and the potential protective role of quercetin(Springer, 2015) Dogan, Z.; Kocahan, S.; Erdemli, E.; Kose, E.; Yilmaz, I.; Ekincioglu, Z.; Ekinci, N.Cyclophosphamide (CYC) and doxorubicin (DOX) are among the most effective and widely used anticancer chemotherapeutic drugs. Potential chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic functions have recently been attributed to flavonoids. We hypothesized that Quercetin (QR) would protect against the toxic effects of chemotherapeutic agents applied prior to pregnancy. Rats were treated with the chemotherapeutic drugs CYC (27 mg/kg) and DOX (1.8 mg/kg) applied in a single intraperitoneal dose once every 3 weeks for 10 weeks. QR was administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day by oral gavage. 48 h following the experimental chemotherapy exposure, female rats were transferred to cages containing male rat for mating. Fetal brain tissues were removed from fetuses extracted by cesarean section on the 20th day of gestation for evaluation of antioxidant parameters. A significant increase in superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde activity was observed in CYC and DOX treatment groups relative to the control group (p < 0.05). Similarly, carnitine acylcarnitine translocase and Glutathione activity was significantly reduced in the CYC and DOX groups relative to the control group (p < 0.05). Our results indicate that the use of chemotherapeutic drugs before pregnancy can result in oxidative damage to fetal brain tissue. Therefore, women who have been exposed to chemotherapy and may become pregnant should be treated with antioxidant compounds such as QR to reduce the risk of damage to fetal brain tissues.Öğe Investigation of the effects of acrylamide applied during pregnancy on fetal brain development in rats and protective role of the vitamin E(Sage Publications Ltd, 2016) Erdemli, M. E.; Turkoz, Y.; Altinoz, E.; Elibol, E.; Dogan, Z.A liberal amount of acrylamide (AA) is produced as a result of frying or baking foods in high temperatures, and individuals take certain amounts of AA everyday by consuming these food items. Pregnant women are also exposed to AA originating from food during pregnancy and their fetus are probably affected. The rats were divided into five different groups: control (C), corn oil (CO), vitamin E (Vit E), AA, and Vit E + AA, with eight pregnant rats in each group. On the 20th day of pregnancy, fetuses were removed and brain tissues of fetuses were examined for biochemical and histological changes. AA caused degeneration in neuron structures in fetal brain tissue and caused hemorrhagic damages; dramatically decreased brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels; increased malondialdehyde, total oxidant capacity levels; and decreased reduced glutathione and total antioxidant capacity levels (p < 0.05). On the other hand, it was determined that the Vit E, a neuroprotectant and a powerful antioxidant, suppressed the effects of AA on fetal development and fetal brain tissue damage for the above-mentioned parameters (p < 0.05). It is recommended to consume food containing Vit E as a protection to minimize the toxic effects of food-oriented AA on fetus development due to the widespread nature of fast-food culture in today's life and the impossibility of protection from AA toxicity.
