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Öğe Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects of crocin against doxorubicin-induced myocardial toxicity in rats(Springer Heidelberg, 2021) Abdulkareem Aljumaily, Sara Asaad; Demir, Mehmet; Elbe, Hulya; Yigitturk, Gurkan; Bicer, Yasemin; Altinoz, EyupDoxorubicin (DOX) is a well-known chemotherapeutic drug for most malignancies including breast cancer and leukemia whilst the usage of DOX is limited owing to its cardiotoxicity. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of crocin on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Forty rats were randomly divided into four groups: (a) control [received normal saline as a dose of 1 ml/kg by intraperitoneal injection (ip) for 15 days], (b) crocin (received crocin as a dose of 40 mg/kg/24h by ip for 15 days), (c) DOX (received DOX as a dose of 2 mg/kg/48h by ip in six injection, cumulative dose 12 mg/kg), and (d) DOX+crocin (received DOX as a dose of 2 mg/kg/48h by ip in six injection, and crocin as a dose of 40 mg/kg/24h i.p for 15 days). As compared to the controls, the results showed that DOX administration caused significant increases in lipid indices [triglyseride (TG), low-dencity lipoproteins (LDL) (p<0.001), and very low-dencity lipoproteins (VLDL) (p<0.005)], oxidative stress parameters [malondialdehyde (MDA) and total oxidant status (TOS) (p<0.001)] and cardiac markers [creatine kinase-muscle/brain (CK-MB) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) (p<0.001)]. Besides, significant decreases in antioxidant defense systems [glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and total antioxidant status (TAS) (p<0.001)] were observed. The present study also demonstrated that co-administration of crocin with DOX significantly ameliorated the lipid profile (p<0.005), cardiac markers (p<0.005), and oxidative stress indices (p<0.001) as compared to DOX group. Histopathologically, significant increase in the mean histopathological damage score (MHDS) was found in the DOX group as compared to the controls (p<0.001). In contrast, the administration of crocin with DOX alleviated MHDS in myocardium (p<0.001). Taken together, our results reveal that crocin might be a cardioprotective agent in DOX-treated patients for cancer.Öğe Crocin treatment exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects in liver tissue damage of pinealectomized diabetic rats(Springer Heidelberg, 2023) Karayakali, Melike; Altinoz, Eyup; Elbe, Hulya; Koca, Oguzhan; Onal, Melike Ozgul; Bicer, Yasemin; Demir, MehmetDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder with an increasing global prevalence that leads to significant morbidity and mortality. The liver plays a vital role in glycemic regulation in physiological and pathological conditions such as DM. Free radical formation and inhibition of antioxidant defense systems play a role in the liver damage pathogenesis in diabetic patients The antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and radical scavenging properties of crocin are known. This study was designed to determine the possible protective effects of crocin against liver tissue damage in pinealectomized diabetic rats. Sixty rats were divided into six groups: Control, Sham+streptozotocin (STZ), Pinealectomy (PINX), PINX+STZ, PINX+Crocin, and PINX+STZ+Crocin. PNX procedure was carried out on the first day of the experiment. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 50 mg/kg STZ was performed on the 30th day of the experiment to induce DM. Crocin (50 mg/kg; i.p.) was applied for 15 days after the pinealectomy procedure and induction of DM. Crocin decreased the markers (alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), and malondialdehyde (MDA)) of liver damage and increased antioxidant enzyme levels and tissue total antioxidant status. Histological results showed that the administration of crocin exhibited a protective effect against liver damage caused by STZ. These results indicate that crocin evidence protection against liver injury caused by STZ.Öğe Crocin, the compound of the dried stigma of Crocus sativus L (saffron), restores doxorubicin-induced disturbances in kidney functioning, oxidative stress, inflammation, renal tissue morphology and TGF-? signalling pathways(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Altinoz, Eyup; Cetinavci, Dilan; Abdulkareem Aljumaily, Sara Asaad; Elbe, Hulya; Cengil, Osman; Bicer, YaseminDoxorubicin (Dox), an anthracycline antibiotic, is a chemotherapeutic drug for several cancer treatments. However, its clinical usage has been restricted because of severe side effects, including nephrotoxicity. This study aimed to demonstrate the possible nephroprotective effects of crocin (Cr) against Dox-induced oxidative stress, renal inflammation, renal morphology and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) signalling pathways in Dox-exposed rats. Hence, the rats were injected for 15 d consecutively with saline, six different injections of Dox until the cumulative dose reached 12 mg/kg., daily Cr (40 mg/kg), and Dox + Cr combination. Cr increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), GSH content and suppressed inflammation and oxidative stress in Dox-exposed rats. Our results were confirmed by immunohistochemical findings that Cr treatment ameliorates the expressions of IL1 beta and TGF-beta in Dox-induced nephrotoxicity. Conclusionally, Cr exhibits adequate nephroprotective effects against Dox-induced nephrotoxicity on rat kidney architecture and tissue function by stabilising cellular redox homeostasis, reducing renal fibrosis and suppressing inflammation. [GRAPHICS] .Öğe Effect of crocin on oxidative stress in recovery from single bout of swimming exercise in rats(General Physiol And Biophysics, 2016) Altinoz, Eyup; Ozmen, Tarik; Oner, Zulal; Elbe, Hulya; Erdemli, Mehmet E.; Bag, Harika G.Physical exercise could cause muscle and tissue damage due to increase in the formation of free oxygen radicals during exercise. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of crocin on parameters associated with oxidative stress in recovery from acute swimming exercise in rats. Rats were divided into eight groups; Normal Control (NC, untreated and did not swim), Crocin Control (CC, received crocin and did not swim), Exe-1, Exe-24, Exe-48 (untreated and swam) and and Exe-Cro-1, Exe-Cro-24, Exe-Cro-48 (received crocin and swam). AST, ALP, LDH, CK, XO enzymes levels increased after swimming in untreated and crocin-treated groups, but there was a less increase in crocin-treated groups. The highest MDA levels in serum were determined in Exe-1 compared with all other groups. There was significant difference between control and exercise groups in MDA level (p = 0.033). In contrast, there was significant difference between control and exercise groups in GSH level (p < 0.001). In addition, crocin given to swimming rats significantly increased GSH levels (p < 0.05) and decreased MDA levels when compared with untreated exercise groups. In conclusion, crocin is able to protect liver and skeletal muscle tissue against exercise-induced oxidative damage by preventing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production.Öğe THE EFFECT OF SAFFRON (ITS ACTIVE CONSTITUENT, CROCIN) ON THE CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATION AND DYSLIPIDEMIA IN STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS(African Networks Ethnomedicines, 2015) Altinoz, Eyup; Taskin, Emre; Oner, Zulal; Elbe, Hulya; Arslan, Belkis AtaseverBackground: Diabetes mellitus (DM) causes serious complications such as coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, nephropathy, retinopathy and neuropathy. Materials and Methods: Rats were randomly divided into three groups, each containing 10 rats: control group, DM group; DM+crocin group. Normal saline was administered in the control and DM groups, and crocin was administered in DM+crocin group at a dose of 20 mg/kg bw/day for 21 days. Trunk blood and the hearth tissue were collected for histopathological and biochemical examination. Results: DM led to increment of MDA levels (p<0.05) and the serum levels of total cholesterol, TG, LDL and VLDL (p<0.05) and decrease of GSH levels (p<0.01) compared to control group in serum and heart tissue. Diabetic rats were treated with crocin, MDA levels (p<0.05) and the levels of total cholesterol, TG and VLDL decreased significantly, but GSH levels (p<0.05) increased remarkably compared to DM rats. Statistically significant increase in histopathological damage score was found in the DM group (p<0.0001). Histopathological changes markedly regressed in DM+crocin group. Conclusion: Our results showed that crocin might prevent diabetes induced cardiovascular complications by reduction of oxidative stress and dyslipidemia.Öğe Effects of pinealectomy and crocin treatment on rats with isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2022) Demir, Mehmet; Altinoz, Eyup; Elbe, Hulya; Bicer, Yasemin; Yigitturk, Gurkan; Karayakali, Melike; Ballur, Arwa Fadil HaqiThe present study aimed to analyze the effects of pinealectomy and crocin treatment in isoproterenol-induced myocardial damage. Seventy rats were divided into seven groups: control, sham control, pinealectomy (PNX), isoproterenol (ISO; 85 mg/kg on the 29th and 30th days of the experiment, subcutaneous injection), PNX + ISO, PNX + crocin (50 mg/kg/day for 30 days, intragastric administration), and PNX + ISO + crocin. PNX procedure was performed on the first day of the study. A significant increase was observed in serum cardiac damage markers (CK-MB, Troponin I) after ISO administration. ISO administration led to a significant increase in cardiac oxidative stress parameters, such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and total oxidant status (TOS), while it led to a decrease in antioxidant defense system parameters, such as reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and total antioxidant status (TAS) when compared to control groups. Elevated MDA and TOS levels were observed, while reduced SOD and CAT activities, and decreased GSH and TAS levels were observed in the group that underwent PNX and ISO administration when compared to the PNX group. Furthermore, in the PNX + ISO + Crocin group, SOD and CAT activities, and GSH and TAS levels ameliorated and MDA and TOS levels were reduced with the crocin treatment when compared to the PNX + ISO group. Also, marked increases were observed in serum cardiac markers, histopathological and immunohistochemical findings after the crocin treatment. All findings demonstrated that crocin could be employed as a cardioprotective agent due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties.Öğe The effects of pinealectomy and melatonin treatment in acrylamide-induced nephrotoxicity in rats: Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2024) Demir, Mehmet; Altinoz, Eyup; Cetinavci, Dilan; Elbe, Hulya; Bicer, YaseminObjective: Acrylamide (AA) is toxic and forms in food that undergoes high-temperature processing. This study aimed to investigate the effects of AA-induced toxicity on renal tissue in pinealectomized rats and the possible protective effect of exogenous Melatonin (ML) administration. Materials and Methods: Sixty rats were randomized into 6 groups (n = 10): Sham, Sham+AA, Sham+AA+ML, PX, PX+AA, and PX+AA+ML. Sham and pinealectomized rats received AA (25 mg/kg/day orally) and ML (0.5 ml volume at 10 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneal) for 21 days. Results: The results showed that malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and interleukin 113 (IL-113) levels of the kidney and urea and creatinine levels of serum in the PX (pinealectomy)+AA group were more increased than in the Sham+AA group. In addition, glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels decreased more in the PX+AA group than in the Sham+AA group. Also, we observed more histopathologic damage in the PX+AA group. On the other hand, up-regulation of kidney tissue antioxidants, down-regulation of tissue oxidants, and improvement in kidney function were achieved with ML treatment. Also, histopathological findings such as inflammatory cell infiltration, shrinkage of glomeruli, and dilatation of tubules caused by AA toxicity improved with ML treatment. Conclusion: ML supplementation exhibited adequate nephroprotective effects against the nephrotoxicity of AA on pinealectomized rat kidney tissue function by balancing the oxidant/antioxidant status and suppressing the release of proinflammatory cytokines.Öğe Influence of Pinealectomy and Long-term Melatonin Administration on Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Experimental Gouty Arthritis(Springer/Plenum Publishers, 2022) Ballur, Arwa Fadil Haqi; Altinoz, Eyup; Yigitturk, Gurkan; Onal, Melike Ozgul; Elbe, Hulya; Bicer, Yasemin; Karayakali, MelikeGout is an inflammatory arthritis characterized by the deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in the joints or soft tissue. MSU crystals are potent inflammation inducers. Melatonin (MLT) is a powerful endogenous anti-inflammatory agent and effective in reducing cellular damage. In the present study, possible underlying mechanisms associated with anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects were investigated in rats with gouty arthritis and melatonin deprivation treated with MLT. Fifty-six rats were divided into seven groups: control, sham control, pinealectomy (PNX), MSU (on the 30th day, single-dose 20 mg/ml, intraperitoneal), MSU + MLT (10 mg/kg/day for 30 days, intraperitoneal), MSU + PINX and MSU + PINX + MLT. PNX procedure was performed on the first day of the study. As compared to the controls, the results showed that MSU administration caused significant increases in oxidative stress parameters (malondialdehyde and total oxidant status). Besides, significant decreases in antioxidant defense systems (glutathione, superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant status) were observed. A statistically significant increase was found in the mean histopathological damage score in the groups that received MSU injection. It was found that histopathological changes were significantly reduced in the MSU + MLT group given MLT. In our study, it was determined that many histopathological changes, as well as swelling and temperature increase in the joint, which are markers of inflammation, were significantly reduced with MLT supplementation. These results suggest that melatonin ameliorates MSU-induced gout in the rat through inhibition of oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokine production.Öğe Linalool exhibits therapeutic and protective effects in a rat model of doxorubicin-induced kidney injury by modulating oxidative stress(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2022) Altinoz, Eyup; Oner, Zulal; Elbe, Hulya; Uremis, Nuray; Uremis, MuhammedThe aim of the present study was to investigate the therapeutic and protective effects of linalool against doxorubicin (DOX)-induced kidney injury. Forty-eight Wistar rats were divided into 8 groups as follows; Control, DOX [20 mg/kg, intraperitoneal (ip) single dose DOX], linalool (LIN50 and LIN100; 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg linalool via ip for 5 days, respectively), DOX + LIN50 and DOX + LIN100 (20 mg/kg single dose of DOX via ip on first day and 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg linalool via ip, respectively), LIN50 + DOX and LIN100 + DOX (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg linalool via ip for 5 days, respectively and 20 mg/kg single dose of DOX via ip on fifth day). Doxorubicin led to a significant increase in the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the kidney, whereas superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels decreased remarkably when compared with control. On the other hand, LIN supplementation before and after DOX treatment led to a significant decrease in MDA and also increases in SOD, CAT and GSH levels. DOX caused significant increases in the levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) levels in the plasma, while LIN supplementation as a therapeutic and preventive agent led to significant decreases in BUN and Cr levels. The current study demonstrated that LIN supplementation after or before DOX treatment can led to therapeutic and preventive effects against DOX-induced renal damage.Öğe NEURO-PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF CROCIN ON BRAIN AND CEREBELLUM TISSUES IN DIABETIC RATS(African Networks Ethnomedicines, 2014) Altinoz, Eyup; Oner, Zulal; Elbe, Hulya; Vardi, NigarBackground: Increase in free oxygen radicals and the disruption of defense system make the neurons and astrocytes more sensitive against oxidative damage. Materials and Methods: Rats were divided into three groups containing 10, rats in each group namely: control (C) group, Diabetes Mellitus (DM) group, and Diabetes Mellitus + crocin (DM + crocin) group. Tissue samples were processed by routine histological and biochemical procedures. The sections were stained with Hematoxylen-eosin. Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), blood glucose, HbA1c levels and xanthine oxidase (XO) activities were assayed. Results: The histological appearence of the cerebrum and cerebellum were normal in the control group. DM group showed some histopathological changes including congestion, perivascular and perineuronal edema in cerebrum. In DM + crocin group, histopathological changes in cerebrum and cerebellum markedly reduced. MDA level and XO activities increased significantly in DM group (P<0.01), but decreased significantly in DM + crocin group when compared to DM group (P<0.01). Blood glucose concentrations increased significantly (p<0.01) in DM group), but decreased significantly in DM + crocin group when compared with DM group (p<0.05). Blood HbA1c levels were normal in control group. But there were significant differences between control and DM groups (p<0.01). On the other hand, blood HbA1c levels decreased in DM + crocin group when compared with the DM group, but it was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: Due to the fact that crocin has an antioxidant and anti-hyperglycemic effects, it can protect the brain and cerebellum tissue against the complications of oxidative stress.Öğe Neuroprotection by melatonin against acrylamide-induced brain damage in pinealectomized rats(Elsevier, 2022) Bicer, Yasemin; Elbe, Hulya; Karayakali, Melike; Yigitturk, Gurkan; Yilmaz, Umit; Cengil, Osman; Al Gburi, Mohammed Raed AbdullahThe current study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of exogenous melatonin against acrylamide (ACR)-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory and apoptotic responses in the brain tissues in pinealectomized rats (PINX). ACR is a toxic chemical carcinogen that occurs owing to the preparation of carbohydrate-rich foods at high temperatures or other thermal processes. The rats who underwent pinealectomy and sham pinealectomy were exposed to ACR (25 mg/kg b.w., orally) alone or with exogenous melatonin (10 mg/kg b.w., i.p.) for 21 consecutive days. Alterations of brain oxidant/antioxidant status, dopamine (DA), Brain-Derived Neurotropic Factor (BDNF) inflammatory mediator and apoptosis during exposure to ACR in pinealectomized rats were more than without pinealectomized rats. Histopathological changes were more in brain tissue of pinealectomized rats after ACR administration. Exogenous melatonin treatment in ACR-exposed rats following pinealectomy increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and improved brain total antioxidant status (TAS) compared to PINX+ACR. Moreover, melatonin suppressed lipid peroxidation, inflammatory pathways and apoptosis in ACR-intoxicated brain tissues. In addition, after exposure to ACR on pinealectomized rats, melatonin treatment ameliorated BDNF and DA levels in brain tissues. Furthermore, exogenous melatonin intervention in ACR-intoxicated rats significantly rescued the architecture of neuronal tissues. In summary, the present study, for the first time, suggested that exogenous melatonin treatment could reduce oxidative damage by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes, inhibiting lipid peroxidation and inflammation, and improving histopathological alterations in the brain tissue of pinealectomized rats after ACR administration.Öğe Pinealectomy and melatonin administration in rats: their effects on pulmonary edema induced by ?-naphthylthiourea(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Al Gburi, Mohammed Raed Abdullah; Altinoz, Eyup; Elbe, Hulya; Onal, Melike Ozgul; Yilmaz, Umit; Yilmaz, Nesibe; Karayakali, MelikeWe aimed to observe the possible effects of melatonin (MLT) deprivation (pinealectomy) and exogenous MLT administration on pulmonary edema induced by alpha-naphthylthiourea (ANTU), a toxic chemical agent, in rats. Seventy animals were assigned to seven groups: control, sham pinealectomy (PINX), PINX, ANTU (10 mg/kg intraperitoneal on day 30), ANTU + MLT (10 mg/kg/day i.p. for 30 days), ANTU + PINX, and ANTU + PINX + MLT. In this study, pleural effusion (PE) formation, lung weight/body weight (LW/BW) and PE/BW ratios (fluid accumulation and weight values in the lungs) increase detected. Pre-ANTU MLT administration led to significant decreases in PE, LW/BW, and PE/BW levels. The inhibited glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels and high malondialdehyde (MDA) levels that ANTU increase lipid peroxidation in the study. MLT administration eliminated oxidative stress by reducing MDA and ameliorating GSH and SOD levels. Pre-ANTU MLT administration led to a significant decrease in interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels in the lung when compared to the ANTU group without MLT administration. Post-pinealectomy ANTU administration significantly increased IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha levels when compared to ANTU and MLT administration without pinealectomy. Diffused inflammatory cell infiltration, interstitial pulmonary edema, and histopathological congestion were observed after the administration of ANTU. Severity of the damage was elevated in the ANTU + PINX group. MLT treatment regressed pulmonary effusion and edema and improves lung structure. In brief, the findings suggested that MLT inhibited proinflammatory mediators and could serve as a therapeutic agent to prevent inflammatory disorders.Öğe Therapeutic Effect of Melatonin on CCl4-Induced Fibrotic Liver Model by Modulating Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and TGF-?1 Signaling Pathway in Pinealectomized Rats(Springer/Plenum Publishers, 2024) Cinar, Derya; Altinoz, Eyup; Elbe, Hulya; Bicer, Yasemin; Cetinavci, Dilan; Ozturk, Ipek; Colak, TuncayThe study aimed to determine the CCl4-induced liver fibrosis model in pinealectomized rats and biochemically, immunohistochemically, and histopathologically investigate the therapeutic effect of melatonin on liver fibrosis. The surgical procedure for pinealectomy was performed at the beginning of the study, and the sham and pinealectomized rats were administered CCl4 dissolved in corn oil (1:1) alone every other day to induce liver fibrosis or together with melatonin (10 mg/kg) therapy for 15 days. Melatonin is an essential therapeutic agent and offers an alternative therapeutic strategy in CCl4-induced liver fibrosis by suppressing inflammation, oxidative stress, and the TGF-beta 1 signaling pathway. Treatment with melatonin ameliorated CCl4-induced liver fibrosis by restoring hepatocellular damage and reducing plasma AST, ALT, and ALP values. Melatonin increases the activity of SOD and CAT, which are important enzymes for antioxidant defence, and raises GSH levels, which further enhances antioxidant function. Also, melatonin reduced hepatic inflammation (IL-6 and IL-1 beta) and oxidative stress indices. Moreover, histopathological changes and immunohistochemical expression of TGF-beta 1 were restored following melatonin supplementation in the CCl4-induced liver fibrosis model in pinealectomized rats. Our study shows that melatonin supplementation has a beneficial effect in protecting the liver fibrosis induced by CCl4 in pinealectomized rats.Öğe Therapeutic role of melatonin on acrylamide-induced hepatotoxicity in pinealectomized rats: Effects on oxidative stress, NF-KB signaling pathway, and hepatocellular proliferation(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2023) Ozturk, Ipek; Elbe, Hulya; Bicer, Yasemin; Karayakali, Melike; Onal, Melike Ozgul; Altinoz, EyupAcrylamide (AA) is formed in some foods by the cooking process at high temperatures, and it could be a carcinogen in humans and rodents. The purpose of the current study was to reveal the possible protective effects of melatonin against AA-induced hepatic oxidative stress, hepatic inflammation, and hepatocellular proliferation in pinealectomized rats. Hence, the sham and pinealectomized rats were consecutively given AA alone (25 mg/ kg) or with melatonin (10 mg/kg) for 21 days. Melatonin acts as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic agent and introduces as a therapeutic strategy for AA-induced hepatotoxicity. Melatonin supplemen-tation reduced AA-caused liver damage by decreasing the serum AST, ALT, and ALP levels. Melatonin raised the activities of SOD and CAT and levels of GSH and suppressed hepatic inflammation (TNF-alpha) and hepatic oxidative stress in liver tissues. Moreover, histopathological alterations and the disturbances in immunohistochemical expression of NF-KB and Ki67 were improved after melatonin treatment in AA-induced hepatotoxicity. Overall, our results demonstrate that melatonin supplementation exhibits adequate hepatoprotective effects against hepatotoxicity of AA on pinealectomized rat liver architecture and the tissue function through the equilibration of oxidant/antioxidant status, the regulation of cell proliferation and the suppression of the release of proin-flammatory cytokines.Öğe Treatment with crocin suppresses diabetic nephropathy progression via modulating TGF-81 and oxidative stress in an experimental model of pinealectomized diabetic rats(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2022) Keelo, Rihab Mudhafar Ali Hammood; Elbe, Hulya; Bicer, Yasemin; Yigitturk, Gurkan; Koca, Oguzhan; Karayakali, Melike; Acar, DeryaOne of the most common complications of diabetes is diabetic nephropathy (DN). Uncontrolled hyperglycemia leads to histopathologic alterations in the kidney that prevent normal renal function. This study aimed to explore the effects of crocin treatment via virtue of its numerous beneficial properties in streptozotocin-induced pinealectomized diabetic rats. The pinealectomy procedure was conducted on the first day of the study. On the 30th day following pinealectomy, streptozotocin (STZ) (50 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally in Wistar rats for induction of diabetes. Diabetes was confirmed on the 3rd day following STZ administration by determining the glucose levels. Daily crocin treatment intraperitoneally for 15 days (50 mg/kg) ameliorated impaired renal oxidant/antioxidant balance, reduced TGF-81 immuno-staining around tubules, and promoted improvement of renal architecture. Moreover, crocin administration improved altered renal function parameters, including serum Cr and BUN, and also increased creatinine clearance. In conclusion, the protective effects of crocin on diabetic nephropathy might be associated with its powerful antioxidant properties, its ability to improve tissue antioxidant status, and its ability to prevent inflammatory pathways.
