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    Abrasive Wear Behavior of Nano-Sized Steel Scale on Soft CuZn35Ni2 Material
    (Springer, 2023) Demirsoz, Recep; Ugur, Abdullah; Erdogdu, Ahmet Emrah; Korkmaz, Mehmet Erdi; Gupta, Munish Kumar
    This study examines the abrasive wear behavior of nano-sized steel scale on the CuZn35Ni2 Soft material. CuZn35Ni2 Soft material was used as a sample, and the three-body wear mechanism formed by nanoscale particles mixed with lubricating oil was investigated using a ball-on-flat tester. Three different loads, three different sliding speeds and three different environment variables were used in the experiments. A lubricant containing 0.15 and 0.3 wt.% nanoscale and a non-abrasive lubricant was used to form the medium. The experimental results were obtained as mass loss, wear depth and friction coefficient and the wear surfaces were examined using scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX). The analysis of variance method was used to determine the effect of independent variables on the results. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the most effective parameter for mass loss and CoF was the environment, and the most effective parameter for the depth of wear was the load. It was concluded that there might be a difference of up to 10% in the coefficient of friction between the experiments and the predicted values. Still, in general, the predicted values and the experimental results agree.
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    INFLUENCE OF PLASTIC DEFORMATION CARBON STEEL ON THE PROCESS OF BURNING ELECTRIC ARC
    (Fac Transport Silesian Univ Technology, 2021) Vakulenko, Igor Alex; Plitchenko, Sergey; Kurt, Bulent; Askerov, Hangardas; Proydak, Svetlana; Erdogdu, Ahmet Emrah
    During a study of the combustion process of a direct polarity electric arc, a directly proportional dependence of the electric current value on the degree of cold plastic deformation of carbon steel used as an electrode was found. To calculate the value of the electric current during arc burning, in the indicated ratio, it was proposed to replace the surface tension force of the liquid metal with the surface tension of ferrite of plastically deformed carbon steel. Calculation of the ferrite's surface tension value on the deformation degree of the steel under study through the size of the coherent scattering regions was used to explain the observed dependence of the electric current during arc burning. From the analysis of the considered correlation ratios, it was found that with an increase in the cold deformation degree, the refinement of the coherent scattering regions results in the ferrite's surface tension increase and consequently, to an increase in the electric current during arc burning. Comparative analysis of the obtained results of calculating the value of electric current during arc burning through the surface tension of ferrite of cold-deformed carbon steel showed a fairly good coincidence with experimental data. The differences did not exceed 9%.
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    Pyrolysis of goat manure to produce bio-oil
    (Elsevier - Division Reed Elsevier India Pvt Ltd, 2019) Erdogdu, Ahmet Emrah; Polat, Refik; Ozbay, Gunay
    In this paper, biomass in goat manure form is pyrolyzed by a fixed-bed reactor. The influence of the temperature within the range of 300-600 degrees C is to be detected in solid, liquid and gas products. Different product yields emerge according to the pyrolysis temperature. At 500 degrees C, the product yield reaches the maximum valuation, the bio-oil obtained at this temperature is analyzed via gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and elemental analysis. The highest efficiency of the bio-oil reached at 26.1% by weight at 500 degrees C. As a result of the TGA analysis, it was observed that the maximum separation rate was between 250 and 500 degrees C and the conversion was complete at about 600 degrees C. Elemental analysis proved that the amount of oxygen in the bio-oil was 23.15% and carbon was 51.75%, while the amount of oxygen in the raw material was 39.85% and carbon was 42.08%. In addition, the pH value of the bio-oil was 4.12. Bio-oil combination product involves organic compounds for instance, benzenes, alcohols, alkanes, alkenes, ketones, phenols and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). These results depict goat manure can be used as a precious raw material in bio-oil production. (C) 2018 Karabuk University. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V.
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    Understanding the slurry erosion behaviour of iron-based chromium carbide coating material during deposition via arc spray coating method
    (Sage Publications Ltd, 2023) Demirsoz, Recep; Singla, Anil Kumar; Ugur, Abdullah; Erdogdu, Ahmet Emrah; Korkmaz, Mehmet Erdi; Gupta, Munish Kumar; Krolczyk, Jolanta Beata
    The material S235JR was spray-coated with iron-based chromium carbide in the present study. The effects of the initial surface roughness on slurry erosion were investigated. Samples with a rough surface and polished surface were used. The impact of particle concentration, impact velocity and impact angle was studied on the slurry erosion characteristics in terms of mass loss, surface roughness and surface temperature. In addition, the surfaces were analysed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Further, the estimation equation has been derived using response surface method (RSM) based on the data obtained in the study. The results show that velocity and concentration are the key factors in determining the mass loss and surface temperature while the impact angle has a relatively minor role. Mass losses in rough samples ranged from 8.8 mg to 40 mg; in polished samples, the range ranged from 5.6 mg to 10.9 mg.