Yazar "Hussein, Humam Neamah Hussein" seçeneğine göre listele

Listeleniyor 1 - 1 / 1
  • Küçük Resim
    Öğe
    RECONFIGURABLE MIMO ANTENNA ARRAY BASED METAMATERIALS FOR 5G AND OTHER MODERN WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    (2024-07) Hussein, Humam Neamah Hussein
    Multi-input multi-output (MIMO) is a pivotal wireless technique extensively employed in contemporary communication networks due to its ability to enhance spectral efficiency, increase data throughput, and improve system reliability. By utilizing multiple antennas at both the transmitter and receiver ends, MIMO systems exploit spatial diversity and multiplexing, allowing for the simultaneous transmission of multiple data streams within the same frequency band. This not only improves coverage and extends the range of wireless networks but also mitigates the effects of fading and interference, resulting in higher data rates and improved signal quality. MIMO technology is integral to various wireless standards such as LTE, Wi-Fi, and 5G, playing a crucial role in meeting the ever-growing demands for faster, more reliable wireless communication. In this work, four designs have been introduced in this thesis. The initial design was a printed monopole antenna array that is suggested for MIMO applications over 5G subs-6GHz bands. It has a good gain and an outstanding matching impedance bandwidth, |S_11| <-10, at 3.45GHz and 5.8GHz. The antenna element is installed on a 1.5mm FR4 Epoxy substrate in the shape of historical Iraqi locations. With a 50? SMA port, the maximum antenna dimensions are 33.6×20?mm?^2. With a |S_11| of -20dB and -31dB, respectively, the suggested antenna design achieves an impedance bandwidth of approximately 130MHz and 380MHz at 3.45GHz and 5.8GHz. At 3.45GHz and 5.8GHz, the antenna gain is determined to be 1.5dBi and 3.6dBi, respectively. It is discovered that the intended designed antenna array coupling is inside the relevant frequency spectrum by roughly -15dB. The second design, an origami antenna, a relatively new technique designed to address many related problems such as visual pollution and antenna embedding inside structures. At 2.45GHz, the suggested antenna array is made up of two 2D array components with a separation distance of ?/10. Through the use of CST Microwave Studio, we conducted multiple parametric simulations until we arrived at the best possible performance for the suggested design. Three frequency bands with matching |S_11| ?-6dB, 1.7GHz-2.7GHz, 3.1GHz-3.8GHz, and 4.5GHz-5.1GHz are observed in the proposed antenna array, with gains of 5.2dBi, 6.8dBi, and 8.1dBi, respectively. The third concept was for multiple inputs multiple outputs (MIMO) application systems operating at Sub-6GHz frequency ranges, is a highly downsized two-element microstrip antenna array. When activated through the monopole basic antenna, the antenna is structured from a meander line in conjugate with an interdigital capacitor. When printed on FR-4 substrate, the suggested antenna elements are separated using a Minkowski factor-shaped metamaterial (MTM) column to obtain a separation distance (D) of 0.08? at 3GHz. Later, optical switches based on light-dependent resistance (LDR) terminals are used to adjust the antenna performance in terms of gain and bandwidth. As a result, biasing circuits are not necessary when using such a strategy to reduce reconfiguration complexity. The computation of Channel Capacity (CC) and Bit Error Rate (BER) was done with the assumption that the antenna should be set up as an array of 64 by 64 elements. Improving 5G communication networks' energy efficiency is the main goal of the fourth design. The technique seeks to minimize energy usage and operating expenses by incorporating solar panels and reducing dependency on traditional grid power sources. On the other hand, combining solar panels and antennas may seriously impair the performance of the antennas. As a result, it was recommended that the planned work include MIMO antenna design. Regarding |S_11|, it is obtained three bands at 2.5 GHz, 3.6 GHz, and 5.5 GHz, where S_12, S_13, and S_14 were below -20 dB throughout all bands of interest.