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    Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect of olive leaf extract treatment in diabetic rat brain
    (De Gruyter Open Ltd, 2023) Berköz, M.; Kahraman, T.; Shamsulddin, Z.N.; Krosniak, M.
    Objectives: Olive (Olea europaea L.) plays a promising role in pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmetic production. On the other hand, olive leaf is widely used in folk medicine due to its antihyperglycemic activity. For this aim, possible effects of olive leaf extract (OLE) in the brain tissue of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were investigated. Methods: A total of 28 male rats were divided into four equal groups as control, diabetic (single dose of 45 mg/kg streptozotocin, i.p.), OLE (500 mg/kg/day), and diabetic + OLE groups. The study was terminated 21 days after the diabetes model was formed. At the end of the study, all the animals were sacrificed and blood and brain tissues were isolated. Relative brain weights, complete blood count, blood glycated hemoglobin, serum glucose, total protein, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin, gonadal hormone levels, production and messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) levels of proinflammatory cytokines and mediators, total thiol, total oxidative stress, and total antioxidant status levels and fatty acid composition in brain tissue were measured in all study groups. Results: In diabetic rats, relative brain weight and serum insulin level decreased, glycated hemoglobin, oxidative stress, production and mRNA level of proinflammatory cytokines and mediators increased, hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia, degraded fatty acid composition, anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia occurred. After OLE treatment, a remarkable improvement in most of these parameters, except gonadal hormones, has been observed in diabetic rats. Conclusions: This study suggests that olive leaf can be a precious neuroprotective agent in diabetes. © 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.
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    Hepatoprotective effect of Nigella sativa L. Extract in methyl parathion exposed rats
    (Parlar Scientific Publications, 2019) Berkoz, M.; Kahraman, T.; Yildirim, M.; Yigit, M.F.; Allahverdiyev, O.
    Methyl parathion (MP) is an organophosphorus pesticide that can induce hepatotoxicity in living organisms. Although many plant extracts have been utilized againts MP induced liver injury, it has not yet known whether Nigella sativa L. extract (NSE) has protective effects or not. We aim to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of NSE through the oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory pathways. A total of 28 rats were divided into 4 groups; control, MP, NSE and MP + NSE. We measured liver MDA level and antioxidant parameters, hepatic function enzyme, plasma cytokine levels, liver MPO activity, liver iNOS and COX-2 mRNA levels and MAPK/NF-?b protein levels. Our data showed that MP increased hepatic function tests, liver MDA level and MPO activity, plasma proinflammatory cytokines, liver iNOS and COX-2 mRNA and MAPKs protein levels and decreased antioxidant parameters, antiinflammatory cytokine and liver NF-?b protein levels. NSE decreased hepatic function tests, liver MDA level and MPO activity, plasma proinflammatory cytokines, liver iNOS and COX-2 mRNA and MAPKs protein levels and increased antioxidant parameters, antiinflammatory cytokine and liver NF-?b protein levels in the MP treated rats. These results suggested the antiinflammatory and antioxidative function of NSE in MP induced liver injury. © by PSP
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    Protective effects of ellagic acid against chemotherapy-induced hepatotoxicity
    (Duzce University Medical School, 2020) Yalçin, A.; Keles, H.; Kahraman, T.; Bozkurt, M.F.; Aydin, H.
    Aim: Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent despite its toxic adverse effects, including hepatotoxicity. Ellagic acid (EA) is an antioxidant agent and exhibits free radical scavenging activities. In this experimental study, the effects of EA on CP-induced liver injury were investigated. Material and Methods: Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats (180-220 gr) were separated into four equal groups. A single dose of 150 mg/kg CP was given intraperitoneally to generate hepatotoxicity. Different doses (50 and 75 mg/kg) of EA were administered orally 20 minutes before, 4 and 8 hours after CP administration. The histopathological evaluation of kidney tissues and immunohistochemical evaluation for caspase-3 were conducted as well as the serum biochemical analyses. Results: CP treated group exhibited a significant increase in serum hepatic enzymes, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), compared to the control group. Similarly, the total triglycerides (TG) and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) levels increased significantly. Additionally, the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels decreased, which was not significant, compared to the control group. At both EA doses, VLDL-C, AST, ALT levels decreased significantly while HDL-C level revealed a significant increase. 75 mg/kg EA treatment caused a non-significant elevation in total cholesterol (TC) concentration. Microscopic analysis showed a significant congestion, edema, degeneration and necrosis in the livers of CP administered group. However, edema, degeneration, and necrosis were significantly reduced in animals treated with EA-75. In addition, caspase-3 expression significantly decreased in EA-75 group. Conclusion: These results indicate the protective effects of EA in CP-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. © 2020, Duzce University Medical School. All rights reserved.