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    Ameliorative effects of crocin on the inflammation and oxidative stress-induced kidney damages by experimental periodontitis in rat
    (Mashhad Univ Med Sciences, 2021) Erdemli, Zeynep; Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Gul, Mehmet; Altinoz, Eyup; Gul, Semir; Kocaman, Gulhan; Kustepe, Elif Kayhan
    Objective(s): The present study aimed to investigate the effects of periodontitis on kidneys and the protective role of crocin in periodontitis-induced kidney damage. Materials and Methods: Ethics committee approval was obtained and 30 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups of 10 rats: Control (C), Periodontitis (P), and Periodontitis + Crocin (P + Cr). After the treatments, rat kidney tissues were incised under anesthesia and blood samples were collected. Biochemical and histopathological analyses were conducted on the samples. Results: Malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) increased in P group rat kidney tissues; urea, creatinine, Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) levels increased in the serum; glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels were reduced in rat kidney tissues, and renal histopathology deteriorated. In the P + Cr group, we observed improvements in biochemical and histopathological parameters when compared with the P group. Conclusion: Periodontitis (P) led to deterioration in oxidative stress parameters and histopathology by increasing the oxidants in kidney tissue. P also led to inflammation in the blood of the rats. Periodontitis + Crocin (P + Cr) administration alleviated the effects of P due to powerful antioxidant anti-inflammatory properties. Cr could be employed as a protective agent in P-induced inflammation and oxidative damage.
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    Awareness on the Effects of Periodontal Diseases on the General Health of Individuals with Systemic Diseases and Determination of Influential Factors
    (Galenos Yayincilik, 2020) Kocaman, Gulhan
    Objective: This study aimed to investigate the level of awareness regarding the effect of systemic diseases on periodontal diseases among individuals with systemic diseases. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was carried out on 200 patients with systemic diseases (100 men, 100 women; age, 18-65 years) who presented to the internal medicine, rheumatology, and cardiology departments and oral health polyclinics. A questionnaire including 15 questions about personal information, socio-demographic characteristics and level of awareness about periodontal diseases was administered to the participants. They were asked to select among the three responses, Agree, Disagree or Undecided, for each statement. Results: This study found that the level of knowledge of approximately 68% of the participants regarding the relationship between systemic diseases and periodontal diseases was not sufficient, and their level of awareness was significantly low. The level of knowledge was significantly affected by educational level, frequency of tooth brushing and previous oral hygiene education (p<0.05). Conclusion: Periodontal diseases are in Two-way interaction with some systemic diseases. An increase in the level of knowledge will positively affect the course of the disease and will improve the quality of life. Therefore, patients with systemic diseases should be given oral hygiene training in both primary health care centres and oral health centres.
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    Crocin attenuates oxidative and inflammatory stress-related periodontitis in cardiac tissues in rats
    (Wroclaw Medical Univ, 2021) Kocaman, Gulhan; Altinoz, Eyup; Erdemli, Mehmet Erman; Gul, Mehmet; Erdemli, Zeynep; Zayman, Emrah; Bag, Harika Gozde Gozukara
    Background. Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the supporting tissues around the teeth, causes significant inflammatory and oxidative changes in cardiac tissue. Crocin is the active constituent of Crocus sativus (saffron) which has antioxidant properties and is protective against cardiovascular disturbances. Objectives. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of crocin on periodontitis-induced oxidative/inflammatory cardiac degeneration in rats in vivo. Materials and methods. Thirty female Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group, periodontitis group (PD) and periodonditis plus crocin group (PD+Cr). Experimental periodontitis was induced by placing silk ligatures on the maxillary second molar teeth for 30 days. Afterward, crocin (100 mg/kg body weight/day) was administered to the PD+Cr group and saline was administered to the PD group and the control group for 15 days. The subjects were sacrificed on the 45th day. Results. Histological and biochemical analyses demonstrated that inducing periodontitis caused obvious damage to cardiac tissues which was significantly ameliorated by crocin (p < 0.05). Significant improvements in bone resorption parameters (cross-linked C-telopeptide of type I collagen and bone alkaline phosphatase) were also observed in the PD+Cr group (p < 0.05). In addition, crocin caused significant reductions of malondialdehyde levels and total oxidant score while antioxidant levels (glutathione, superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant score, and catalase) were significantly higher in PD+Cr group (p < 0.05). Conclusions. This study reveals that periodontitis may cause oxidative damage in cardiac tissue and crocin improves periodontitis-induced degenerative changes in heart tissue, which is associated with its antioxidant properties.
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    Effect of dental anxiety level and progressive relaxation exercises on vital signs before periodontal surgery
    (Cukurova Univ, Fac Medicine, 2019) Kocaman, Gulhan
    Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the dental anxiety levels of patients before periodontal surgery and to evaluate the effects of preoperative progressive relaxation exercises on vital signs and mouth opening. Materials and Methods: A total of 35 randomly selected patients who were scheduled for periodontal surgery were included in the cross-sectional study. Demographic data and a questionnaire including Corah Dental Anxiety Scale were applied before the surgery. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse and respiration including vital signs and mouth opening were measured. Then 30 minutes of relaxation exercise was performed. She was asked to take the position where she felt most comfortable and close her eyes. The environment is kept quiet. Thirty minutes of relaxation exercises were listened with a video headset and allowed to do the exercises. Vital signs and mouth opening were measured again after relaxation exercise. Results: 71.4% of the patients stated that dental treatment was not fearful, but the rate of dental anxiety before periodontal surgery was found to be 57.1%. Systolic blood pressure and mouth opening were significantly affected after relaxation exercise but no statistically significant change was observed in diastolic blood pressure, pulse and respiration measurements Conclusion: Progressive relaxation exercise applied before periodontal surgery has a myorelaxant activity in increasing the mouth opening and it is a cheap, painless, non-adverse non-pharmacological anxiolytic in reducing systolic blood pressure.
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    The Effects of Music Therapy on Vital Signs and Dental Anxiety Prior to Dental Surgery
    (Duzce Univ, 2019) Kocaman, Gulhan; Benli, Neriman Cetin
    Objective: Dental surgery is performed under local anesthesia and the patient's consciousness is clear during the surgery, resulting in increased anxiety in the patient and the development of surgical complications. To investigate the effects of music therapy on vital signs and dental anxiety prior to periodontal surgery. Methods: Having received their informed consents prior to surgery, in the scope of this study, a questionnaire including Corah Dental Anxiety Scale was applied to 35 patients admitted to Oral and Dental Health Centre's Periodontology Clinic for periodontal surgery. Vital signs and mouth opening measurements including blood pressure, pulse and respiration were performed. Then the music therapy was performed. In the application of music therapy, the patients were asked to take the position they feel most comfortable in, couchant or seated, and close their eyes while the setting was kept quiet. With headphones, they were exposed to the soothing sound of water and reed flute. After the application, vital signs and mouth opening measurement were re-evaluated. Results: In our study, 68.8% of the patients stated that dental treatment was not fearful but the rate of dental anxiety before dental surgery was found to be 85.7%. It was found that systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse and mouth opening measurements of the patients were significantly affected (p <0.05) and no statistically significant changes were observed in the respiratory system. Conclusions: The music therapy performed before periodontal surgery was found to be a cost-effective, painless, non-adverse non-pharmacological sedative and anxiolytic on vital signs and mouth opening.
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    Investigation of the Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene C677T and A1298G Polymorphism in Chronic Periodontitis
    (Erciyes Univ Sch Medicine, 2019) Kocaman, Gulhan; Orbak, Recep
    Objective: This case control study examined the frequency and distribution of the C677T and A1298C single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene in Turkish patients with chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods: This study included 89 subjects: 49 patients with chronic periodontitis and 40 healthy persons. Medical and periodontal histories were taken, and PD, CAL, PI, and BOP were recorded as the clinical parameters. The blood samples were taken from the subjects, and their DNA was obtained. The MTHFR gene's single nucleotide polymorphisms 677C -> T and 1298A -> C genotyping were analyzed using the RFLP assay, then PCR. Results: There was a significant difference between the groups except for age when the clinical findings. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the MTHFR gene C677T and 1298C regions were not found to be significantly different between the groups. Conclusion: The study revealed no association between the MTHFR polymorphism and the risk of chronic periodontitis; however, increasing the number of patients is useful when performing further studies. This present study is important because it is, to the best of our knowledge, the first study to research the interrelation between the MTHFR gene and chronic periodontitis.