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    The impact of methanol fuelled spark ignition engines on engine performance and exhaust emissions
    (2011) Korkmaz, I.; Cay, Y.
    In this study, the performance and exhaust emission values of engine have been investigated according to the results obtained from the experimental study using gasoline and methanol fuels in spark ignition engines. In these experiments a regular automobile engine with 4 cylinders, 4 strokes and 1,3 liter volume was used. Without making any modifications on the engine, the engine performance has been determined for both fuels between the ranges of 1100-4000 rpm, 5-40 Nm torque values. In the experimental study, the rotation number, torque, strength, mean effective pressure, brake specific fuel consumption, fuel flow rate, exhaust temperature and exhaust emission values of the engine have been measured. According to the experiment results, if the engine works on gasoline, its minimum brake specific fuel consumption becomes 400 g/kWh, whereas if it works on methanol this value becomes 900 g/kW. The values of CO emission of the engine vary between 2 and 6% for gasoline, whereas the range for methanol is between 1 and 4%. Minimum HC emission values, on the other hand, have been observed as 330 ppm for gasoline and 250 ppm for methanol. © Sila Science.
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    The role of heparan sulphate in pathogenesis of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever disease
    (2013) Guven, F.M.K.; Aydin, H.; Kaya, A.; Engin, A.; Kenan, Celik, V.; Korkmaz, I.; Atli, B.
    Background & objectives: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a viral infection typically transmitted by tick bite. This study is to define the level of heparan sulphate (HS) in serum/urine since HS may play a role in the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic events in the patients with CCHF. Methods: In this study, the patient group consisted of 79 cases with a positive diagnosis of CCHF according to PCR/ELISA outcome among the patients referred to Cumhuriyet University, School of Medicine in 2010. A total of 81 volunteers who had not any viral or metabolic disease were enrolled as the control group. The blood samples were centrifuged, and the serum and urine samples obtained were stored at -80°C until they were studied. Then, these samples were simultaneously dissolved, and HS level was spectrophotometrically measured using glycosaminoglycans specific 1-9, dimethyl-methylene blue (DMMB) stain. Results: A statistically significant increase in the HSserum values was found both in the individuals under and above 16 yr old in the patient groups compared to the controls (p <0.05). Also there was a statistically significant increase in the urine levels of HS in the cases >16 yr old compared to the controls (p <0.05). Interpretations & conclusion: Increase of the serum/urine levels of HS was though to be due to vascular endothelium damage and to liver injury as well as vascular endothelium damage in the patients who died. Further, comprehensive studies are needed to demonstrate whether the serum/urine levels of HS are correlated to liver and vascular endothelium damage and prognosis of the disease.