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Öğe Contribution of concrete cultural constituents to the tourism potential of Safranbolu(Elsevier Science Bv, 2011) Kaya, Huseyin; Kurt, HalilSafranbolu is one of the richest towns in Turkey in terms of culture and history. It has a wide range of historical and cultural background. Safranbolu had been under the influence of Hellenistic period, Byzantium and Ottoman civilizations according to the explorations in the region. Among the properties of Safranbolu there are Safranbolu Houses, mosques, tombs, dervish lodges, inns, baths, bridges, fountains and libraries that can be considered valuable in terms of tourism potential. Safranbolu houses reflect the history, culture, economy and ways of living in the 18th and 19th centuries. Houses built in and around the valleys also reflect the geographical and environmental features of Safranbolu. Those houses and building have their own designs. Tas Minare Mosque, Koprulu Mehmet Pasa Mosque, Hidayetullah Mosque and Dagdelen Mosques are some of the historical ones that reflect the culture of their time. There are tombs which were built in the 19th century. Haci Emin Efendi Tomb, Hasan Baba Tomb, Seyh Mustafa Efendi Tomb are among them. It is possible to mention about two major dervish lodges one of which is Kalealti Lodge and the other is Ali Baba Lodge. Among the baths there are two significant ones; one of them is the old bath and the other is the new bath reflecting 14th century. Bridges and fountains are other cultural constituents in which have contributions to the tourism potential. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of The 2nd International Geography Symposium-Mediterranean EnvironmentÖğe Demographical properties of West Turkistan(Elsevier Science Bv, 2011) Kurt, Halil; Kaya, HuseyinAfter 1990, fifteen states gained their independence from the former Soviet Union. The Central Asian countries which include Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan and Tajikistan were among those states. These five countries cover an area of 4 million square kilometer and have a population of 60 million. The population of West Turkistan was 49.4 million according to the last census statistics during the former Soviet Union period in 1989. This number has risen up to 59.3 million according the latest census in 2005. During the same period, the population of Russian federation decreased from 147 million to 143.4 million and the population in Ukraine declined from 51.7 million to 47.4 million. In the last fifteen years not only the population increased but also the demography changed in West Turkistan. While the population rate of Turks and Muslim ethnic minorities increased the Orthodox Christians and Slavic (Russian, Ukrainian etc.) population rate has decreased. The main cause is the birth rate and the migrations to Russian federation. In this study, these five countries in West Turkistan have been investigated in details in terms of population, population density, age and gender properties, birth rate, population growth rate, rural and urban population, migrations, language, religion and ethnic structures in population growth effect between the years 1989-2005. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of The 2nd International Geography Symposium-Mediterranean Environment