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Öğe Assessment of Heavy Metal Concentrations and Public Health Risk in Fish Species of Sakarya River, Turkey(Ios Press, 2021) Bilgili, Ali; Unal, Hasan Huseyin; Ozdemir, Mehmet; Aydin, Ahmet; Basarali, Mustafa KemalIn this study, heavy metal concentrations including cadmium, lead, zinc, copper and arsenic concentrations were determined in five fish species (Capoeta sieboldii, Capoeta tinca, Scardinius erythrophthalmus, Squalius pursakensis and Barbus escherichii) obtained from the Sakarya River. The metal concentrations of fish supplied in four different seasons (winter, spring, summer and autumn) were determined by using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Although the metal concentrations showed seasonal variations in some fish species and also varied with respect to particular fish species, the concentrations of these metals were found to be within the permissible limits. In addition, it was concluded that the concentration of metal contamination in the evaluated fish species would not pose a risk for human consuming fish species obtained from Sakarya River by considering estimated daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ), hazard index (HI), and target cancer risk (TCR) values.Öğe Determination of aflatoxin M1 in breast milk and related factors(Assoc Medica Brasileira, 2022) Dogan, Reyhan Aydin; Afacan, Merve; Ozdemir, MehmetOBJECTIVE: Breastfeeding in women with aflatoxin M1 exposure may be a risk factor for the newborn. Thus, it is crucial to determine aflatoxin M1 levels in breast milk and raise mothers' awareness about nutrition in lactation and other periods. This study was carried out to determine aflatoxin M1 contamination in milk samples taken from mothers who gave birth. METHODS: The study was carried out in the postpartum department of Training and Research Hospital between December 31, 2018, and June 31, 2019, and 90 breastfeeding mothers were included in the study. RESULTS: A total of 75 (83.3%) of the examined samples were found positive. The mean aflatoxin M1 ratio in positive samples was 12.16 pg/mL (5.00- 23.18 pg/mL). Mothers' consumption of processed food was associated with aflatoxin M1 levels (p=0.043). It was determined that the aflatoxin M1 levels of mothers who consumed processed food products 1 or 2 times a month were 3.22 times lower than those who consumed 1-2 times a week. CONCLUSIONS: This study emphasized the importance of monitoring aflatoxin M1 levels in breast milk for infant health. It is thought that nutrition education given to mothers during pregnancy will significantly impact aflatoxin M1 results. In addition, the dangers of mycotoxins in mother-infant nutrition should be emphasized regularly in health education.Öğe Determination of thermal conductivities of Sn-Zn lead-free solder alloys with radial heat flow and Bridgman-type apparatus(Springer, 2013) Meydaneri, Fatma; Saatci, Buket; Gunduz, Mehmet; Ozdemir, MehmetThe variations of thermal conductivities of solid phases versus temperature for pure Sn, pure Zn and Sn-9 wt.% Zn, Sn-14 wt.% Zn, Sn-50 wt.% Zn, Sn-80 wt.% Zn binary alloys were measured with a radial heat flow apparatus. The thermal conductivity ratios of liquid phase to solid phase for the pure Sn, pure Zn and eutectic Sn-9 wt.% Zn alloy at their melting temperature are found with a Bridgman-type directional solidification apparatus. Thus, the thermal conductivities of liquid phases for pure Sn, pure Zn and eutectic Sn-9 wt.% Zn binary alloy at their melting temperature were evaluated by using the values of solid phase thermal conductivities and the thermal conductivity ratios of liquid phase to solid phase.Öğe Determination of Thermal Conductivities of Solid and Liquid Phases for Rich-Sn Compositions of Sn-Mg Alloy(Korean Inst Metals Materials, 2012) Meydaneri, Fatma; Gunduz, Mehmet; Ozdemir, Mehmet; Saatci, BuketThe variations of thermal conductivities of solid phases versus temperature for pure Sn and Sn-1 wt% Mg, Sn-2 wt% Mg, and Sn-6 wt% Mg binary alloys were measured with a radial heat flow apparatus. Thermal conductivity variations versus temperature for pure Sn and Sn-1 wt% Mg, Sn-2 wt% Mg, and Sn-6 wt% Mg binary alloys were found to be 60.60 +/- 3.63, 61.99 +/- 3.71, 68.29 +/- 4.09, and 82.04 +/- 4.92 W/Km, respectively. The thermal conductivity ratios of liquid phase to solid phase for pure Sn and eutectic Sn-2 wt% Mg alloy at their melting temperature were found to be 1.11 and 1.08, respectively, with a Bridgman type directional solidification apparatus. Thus the thermal conductivities of liquid phases for pure Sn and eutectic Sn-2 wt% Mg binary alloy at their melting temperature were evaluated to be 67.26 +/- 4.03 and 73.75 +/- 4.42 W/Km, respectively, by using the values of solid phase thermal conductivities and the thermal conductivity ratios of the liquid phase to the solid phase.Öğe Effect of 0.12% Chlorhexidine Use for Oral Care on Ventilator-Associated Respiratory Infections: A Randomized Controlled Trial(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2021) Kes, Duygu; Aydin Yildirim, Tugba; Kuru, Cuneyt; Pazarlioglu, Fatma; Ciftci, Taner; Ozdemir, MehmetBackground: Evidence suggests that the effect of 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX) use for oral care on the development of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (VAT) is lacking. Evidence-based approaches to the prevention of VAP and VAT are of paramount importance for improving patients' outcomes. Objectives: This study aimed to (1) compare the effect of 0.12% CHX use for oral care on preventing VAP and VAT with the placebo group, as well as (2) compare its effect on oral health and prevention of oral microbial colonization with the placebo group. Methods: Prospective, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial performed in 2 intensive care units at a hospital. The sample comprised 57 mechanically ventilated adults randomly allocated to the 0.12% CHX group and the placebo group. Barnason's oral assessment guide was used to evaluate the oral health of both groups before oral care during the first 24 hr of tracheal intubation (Day 0) and at Day 2 and Day 3. Oropharyngeal secretion, endotracheal tube aspirate, and nonbronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage samples were collected on Day 0 and Day 3. Results: The rate of VAT development was not statistically different between the groups (p = .318). However, a significant difference existed in the rate of VAP development (p = .043). The frequency of oropharyngeal colonization significantly decreased in the 0.12% CHX group compared with the placebo group at Day 3 (p = .001). Conclusion: The use of 0.12% CHX for oral care could be effective for VAP prevention and reducing microbial colonization in mechanically ventilated patients.Öğe Experimental Determination of Interfacial Energy for Solid Zn Solution in the Sn-Zn Eutectic System(Korean Inst Metals Materials, 2012) Meydaneri, Fatma; Payveren, Mehtap; Saatci, Buket; Ozdemir, Mehmet; Marasli, NecmettinThe grain boundary groove shapes for Zn solid solution in equilibrium with Sn-Zn eutectic liquid were observed with a radial heat flow apparatus. From the observed grain boundary groove shapes, the Gibbs-Thomson coefficient, the solid-liquid and the grain boundary energy for the Zn solid solution in equilibrium with Sn-Zn eutectic liquid were determined to be (2.32 +/- 0.13)x10(-8) Km, (120.87 +/- 13.29)x10(-3) J.m(-2) and (194.76 +/- 23.37)x10(-3) J.m(-2), respectively. The termal conductivity of the eutectic Sn- 9 wt% Zn solid solution, kappa(S), was obtained as 74.74 W/Km by using a radial heat flow apparatus. The thermal conductivity ratio of the eutectic liquid to the eutectic solid, R = kappa(L)/kappa(S) was found to be 0.58 with a Bridgman-type directional growth apparatus. Thus, the value of the thermal conductivity of eutectic Sn-9 wt% Zn liquid solution, kappa(L), was obtained as 43.82 W/Km.Öğe Experimental determination of solid-liquid interfacial energy for solid Sn in the Sn-Mg system(Elsevier, 2011) Meydaneri, Fatma; Saatci, Buket; Ozdemir, MehmetThe equilibrated grain boundary groove shapes for solid Sn in equilibrium with the Sn-9 at.% Mg eutectic liquid were directly observed annealing a sample at the eutectic temperature for about 5 days with a radial heat flow apparatus. The thermal conductivities of the solid phase, kappa(S), and the liquid phase, kappa(L), for the groove shapes were measured. From the observed grain boundary groove shapes, the Gibbs-Thomson coefficient, the solid-liquid interfacial energy and grain boundary energy for solid Sn in equilibrium with the Sn-9 at.% Mg eutectic liquid have been determined to be (7.35 +/- 0.36) x 10(-8) Km, (136.41 +/- 13.64) x 10(-3) Jm(-2) and (230.95 +/- 25.40) x 10(-3) Jm(-2), respectively. (C) 2011 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.Öğe Occurrence of and Factors Associated With the Presence of Aflatoxin M1 in Breast Milk of Mothers in Fethiye, Turkey(Sage Publications Inc, 2020) Karayagiz Muslu, Gonca; Ozdemir, MehmetAflatoxins comprise a group of mycotoxins that are found in the environment. Exposure to aflatoxins has been reported to cause serious health problems in humans. Since aflatoxin M-1 (AFM(1)) is secreted in breast milk, the exposure of infants to this toxin is an important concern. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, levels of, and factors associated with the presence of AFM(1) in breast milk of mothers in Fethiye, Turkey. Breast milk samples were taken from 100 mothers who had given birth over the period of October-November 2017. The AFM(1) content of the samples was determined via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The lowest limit for milk samples in the Ridascreen (R) AFM(1) commercial test kit is 5 ng/L. Because of this, AFM(1) levels below 5 ng/L in the breast milk samples were assessed as negative. Of the breast milk samples tested, 53 were positive. The average AFM(1) amount in the positive samples was 6.36 ng/L (ppt; range 5.10-8.31 ng/L). Mothers who were housewives, lived in damp, humid houses, or ate spices or dried fruits and vegetables had significantly greater prevalence of AFM(1) in their breast milk than those who were employed, did not report dampness or mold in the home, or did not eat spices or dried fruits and vegetables. AFM(1) in breast milk could be an important risk factor for infant health. Informing the public about food safety could reduce the amount of AFM(1) being transferred into breast milk via food channels.Öğe Thermal conductivities of solid and liquid phases for pure Al, pure Sn and their binary alloys(Elsevier, 2010) Meydaneri, Fatma; Saatci, Buket; Ozdemir, MehmetThe variations of thermal conductivities of solid phases versus temperature for pure Sn, pure Al and Sn-0.5 wt.% Al, Sn-2.2 wt.% Al, Sn-25 wt.% Al, Sn-50 wt.% Al, Sn-75 wt.% Al binary alloys were measured with a radial heat flow apparatus. From thermal conductivity variations versus temperature, the thermal conductivities of the solid phases at their melting temperature and temperature coefficients for same materials were also found to be 60.60 +/- 0.06. 208.80 +/- 0.22, 69.70 +/- 0.07, 80.30 +/- 0.08, 112.30 +/- 0.12, 142.00 +/- 0.15, 188.50 +/- 0.20 W/K m and 0.00098, 0.00062, 0.00127, 0.00114, 0.00112, 0.00150, 0.00116 K-1, respectively. The thermal conductivity ratios of liquid phase to solid phase for the pure Sn, pure Al and eutectic Sn-0.5 wt.% Al alloy at their melting temperature are found to be 1.11, 1.13, 1.06 with a Bridgman type directional solidification apparatus, respectively. Thus the thermal conductivities of liquid phases for pure Sn, pure Al and eutectic Sn-0.5 wt.% Al binary alloy at their melting temperature were evaluated to be 67.26, 235.94 and 73.88 W/K m, respectively by using the values of solid phase thermal conductivities and the thermal conductivity ratios of liquid phase to solid phase. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
