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Öğe Comparison of calcium-magnesium-alumina-silicate (CMAS) resistance behavior of produced with electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD) method YSZ and Gd2Zr2O7/YSZ thermal barrier coatings systems(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2021) Ozgurluk, Yasin; Karaoglanli, Abdullah Cahit; Ahlatci, HayrettinThermal Barrier Coatings (TBCs) are generally used in both industrial gas turbines and aircraft engines. In this study, metal powders with CoNiCrAlY content were coated on Inconel 718 nickel-based superalloy substrate materials using the cold gas dynamic spray (CGDS) method, which is a new generation thermal spray coating method. As a top coating, YSZ and Gd2Zr2O7/YSZ (GZO/YSZ), respectively, single and double layer ceramic layers were deposited with an innovative method, physical vapor deposition by electron beam (EB-PVD). All produced TBC systems were sprinkled with vermiculite powder containing CMAS minerals and subjected to CMAS corrosion tests and the effect of CMAS damage on the phase stability and microstructure of TBC systems was determined using elemental mapping analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, and scanning electron microscope (SEM). According to the results obtained, it has been determined that the double layer TBC system with GZO/YSZ is more resistant to CMAS damage than the single layer YSZ system.Öğe Cyclic Hot Corrosion Failure Behaviors of EB-PVD TBC Systems in the Presence of Sulfate and Vanadate Molten Salts(Mdpi, 2019) Ozgurluk, Yasin; Doleker, Kadir Mert; Ozkan, Dervis; Ahlatci, Hayrettin; Karaoglanli, Abdullah CahitThe cold gas dynamic spray (CGDS) method has been considered a promising technology to produce a metallic bond coat for thermal barrier coating (TBC) systems. In this study, CoNiCrAlY bond coats produced by CGDS method were coated with yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) by electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD). TBCs were subjected to 50 wt % V2O5 and 50 wt % Na2SO4 molten hot corrosion salt combinations at 1000 degrees C. In the case of YSZ top coat on TBCs, the reaction between Na2SO4, V2O5, and Y2O3 salts generates YVO4 crystals, and these structures cause the transformation of tetragonal ZrO2 to monoclinic ZrO2. This situation occurs under operating conditions that lead to TBC failure. Hot corrosion behavior and the related failure mechanisms of TBC systems were investigated and discussed using scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis, and X-ray diffractometer (XRD).Öğe Effect of high temperature oxidation on Inconel 718 and Inconel 718/YSZ/Gd2Zr2O7(Iop Publishing Ltd, 2019) Doleker, Kadir Mert; Odabas, Okan; Ozgurluk, Yasin; Askerov, Hangardas; Karaoglanli, Abdullah CahitOxidation is an important phenomenon for materials used at high temperatures. Generally, nickel based superalloys are preferred as metallic materials due to their superior mechanical properties for high temperature applications. Inconel 718 has wide usage fields in high temperature applications. In present study, Inconel 718 and Inconel 718/Yttria (%8 Y2O3) Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ)/ Gd2Zr2O7 (GZ) was oxidized in open air atmosphere at 1000 degrees C for 8, 24 and 100 h. Isothermally oxidized samples were investigated using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), x-ray Diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDX)-SEM. Results show that Inconel 718 is not suitable for long periods at 1000 degrees C. Ceramic coated Inconel 718 exhibit better performance and it assist to see phase distributions in microstructure.Öğe Evaluation of oxidation and thermal cyclic behavior of YSZ, Gd2Zr2O7 and YSZ/Gd2Zr2O7 TBCs(Elsevier Science Sa, 2019) Doleker, Kadir Mert; Ozgurluk, Yasin; Ahlatci, Hayrettin; Karaoglanli, Abdullah CahitThermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are widely used to increase gas turbine efficiency and to prolong the lifetimes of superalloy substrates. Yttria (7-8%) stabilized zirconia (YSZ) is used as a state of the art TBC top coating material. In recent years, rare earth zirconates have drawn interest as top coating materials due to their high phase transformation temperature and low thermal conductivity. In the present research, CoNiCrAlY powders were sprayed on Inconel 718 superalloy substrates using high velocity oxy fuel (HVOF) deposition technique. YSZ, Gd2Zr2O7 (GZ) and YSZ/GZ top coats were then deposited on the resulting bond coat using EB-PVD technique. The produced TBCs were exposed to isothermal oxidation at 1100 degrees C for 4 different periods, and furnace thermal cyclic tests were conducted at 1150 degrees C. After thermal loadings, TGO (thermally grown oxide) growth behavior and crack surfaces of TBCs were evaluated. Samples were compared with each other using analysis techniques like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive sprectrum (EDS) elemental mapping and X-ray diffraction (XRD) before and after the oxidation tests. The results showed that double layered TBC system is more durable against high temperature degradations.Öğe Investigation of calcium-magnesium-alumino-silicate (CMAS) resistance and hot corrosion behavior of YSZ and La2Zr2O7/YSZ thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) produced with CGDS method(Elsevier Science Sa, 2021) Ozgurluk, Yasin; Doleker, Kadir Mert; Ahlatci, Hayrettin; Karaoglanli, Abdullah CahitThermal barrier coatings (TBCs) commonly expose to oxidation, hot corrosion, and CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 (CMAS) attacks during the service condition. All of these attacks cause the spallation or delamination of TBCs from the bond coat. In this study, the effect of these attacks on YSZ and La2Zr2O7/YSZ TBC systems was investigated. YSZ and double layer La2Zr2O7/YSZ topcoats were deposited using electron beam physical technique (EB-PVD) on CoNiCrAlY bond coat produced by cold gas dynamic spray (CGDS) technique. CMAS tests at 1225 degrees C for 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, and 32 h and 5 h cyclic hot corrosion tests at 1000 degrees C were carried out on TBCs. Before and after the tests, TBCs were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and image analysis software program. At the end of the tests, the formed phases, microstructural changes, and general failure mechanisms were investigated in detail for each test. The general result shows that double-layered TBCs provide significant contributions and durability against high-temperature corrosive attacks of conventional YSZ TBC. In addition, in this study, hot corrosion damage mechanism and CMAS attack significantly damaged the column morphology of the EB-PVD method, reducing the thermal insulation properties and strain tolerance of TBCs. As a result of the tests, spallation and phase changes occurred in the damaged TBC systems.Öğe Investigation of hot corrosion behavior of thermal barrier coating (TBC) systems with rare earth contents(Springer Heidelberg, 2018) Ozgurluk, Yasin; Doleker, Kadir Mert; Ahlatci, Hayrettin; Karaoglanli, Abdullah CahitThermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are extensively used to protect critical components such as aircraft turbines to provide thermal insulation at elevated temperatures. At high operating temperatures, damage mechanisms such as oxidation and hot corrosion result in spallation of TBC system. The spallation occurs due to the phase transformation during penetration of hot corrosion salts to top coat. YSZ is mainly used as top coat material for TBC systems. However, YSZ cannot be used in temperature higher than 1000 A degrees C. More superior efficiency of gas turbine engines will demand a new generation materials for TBC systems. Nowadays, rare earth zirconates, Gd2Zr2O7, La2Zr2O7, YSZ/Gd2Zr2O7, and YSZ/La2Zr2O7 used as ceramic top coat materials in gas turbine engine components owing to their superior thermal isolation and hot corrosion resistance properties. In this study, hot corrosion mechanism, rare earth zirconates, and their properties as well as their hot corrosion behavior in TBCs were investigated based on literature studies.Öğe Isothermal Oxidation Behavior of Gadolinium Zirconate (Gd2Zr2O7) Thermal Barrier Coatings (TBCs) produced by Electron Beam Physical Vapor Deposition (EB-PVD) technique(De Gruyter Poland Sp Zoo, 2018) Doleker, Kadir Mert; Ozgurluk, Yasin; Ahlatci, Hayrettin; Karaoglanli, Abdullah CahitThermal Barrier Coatings (TBCs) provide thermal insulation for gas turbine components operating at high temperatures. Generally, TBCs were produced on a MCrA1Y bond coat with 7-8% Yttria Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) using Atmospheric Plasma Spray (APS) technique. In this study, Inconel 718 substrate material was coated with CoNiCrAlY bond coat using high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) technique. Afterward, Gd2Zr2O7 was deposited on samples using Electron Beam Physical Vapor Deposition (EB-PVD) technique. Produced TBCs were exposed to isothermal oxidation tests at 1000 degrees C for 8 h, 24 h, 50 h and 100 h in muffle furnace. Scanning electron microscopy energy distribution X-ray (SEM-EDX) spectroscopy was used to investigate thermally grown oxide (TGO) layer and TGO growth behavior of TBCs. In addition, X-ray Diffractometer (XRD) analysis was performed to TBCs to understand whether phase transformation occurs or not before and after oxidation.Öğe The Microstructural Investigation of Vermiculite-Infiltrated Electron Beam Physical Vapor Deposition Thermal Barrier Coatings(De Gruyter Poland Sp Zoo, 2018) Ozgurluk, Yasin; Doleker, Kadir Mert; Ahlatci, Hayrettin; Ozkan, Dervis; Karaoglanli, Abdullah CahitThermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are widely used in aerospace and aviation industries for materials required to withstand severe environments such as oxidation, hot-corrosion failure and CMAS (calcia-magnesia-alumina-silica) attack or vermiculite corrosion. This is particularly apparent in vermiculite, which can penetrate sand, volcanic ash and is the most destructive damage mechanism in the TBC system. Impurities from the desert environment such as calcia-magnesia-alumina-silica (CMAS) cause degradation of TBCs. In this research, CoNiCrAlY metallic bond coatings were deposited on Inconel 718 nickel based superalloy substrates with a thickness of around 100 mu m using a Cold Gas Dynamic Spray (CGDS) technique. Production of TBCs were carried out with deposition of YSZ ceramic top coating material using Electron Beam Physical Vapor Deposition (EB-PVD), with a thickness of around 200 mu m. The effect of CMAS with spreading naturally-occurring mineral (vermiculite) on TBC samples were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The microstructure evolution of YSZ and failure mechanism of TBC were evaluated.Öğe Oxidation Behavior of NiCr/YSZ Thermal Barrier Coatings (TBCs)(De Gruyter Poland Sp Zoo, 2018) Doleker, Kadir Mert; Ozgurluk, Yasin; Parlakyigit, Abdullah Selim; Ozkan, Dervis; Gulmez, Turgut; Karaoglanli, Abdullah CahitNichrome (NiCr) coatings are widely used to provide resistance against oxidation and corrosion in many machine components. TBCs must include bond coatings that are resistant to oxidation resulting from high-temperature operating conditions. In the present study, NiCr powders were sprayed on nickel-based superalloy Inconel 718 substrates using atmospheric plasma spray (APS) technique. Bond-coated substrates were coated with yittria stabilized zirconia (YSZ). As such, the TBC samples were kept at 1000 degrees C for 8 h, 24 h and 50 h in high temperature furnace and their isothermal oxidation behavior was investigated. Microstructure and phase change properties of TBCs before and after isothermal oxidation were then studied and analyzed.