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    Chronic Noise Affects Middle Ear Resonance and Absorbance in Industrial Workers
    (Aves, 2022) Yilmaz, Nihat; Soylemez, Emre; Soylemez, Tugce; Sanuc, Merve Betul; Yilmaz, Orhan
    BACKGROUND: The effect of chronic noise on the middle ear is not fully known. This study aimed to evaluate the middle ear functions of metal workers exposed to chronic noise using wideband tympanometry. METHODS: In this study, 62 male workers exposed to chronic noise and 30 healthy men were included. Workers exposed to chronic noise were divided into 2 groups according to their pure tone averages. Totally 30 workers (60 ears) with pure tone average less than 20 dB were included in group I, and 32 workers (64 ears) with pure tone average more than 20 dB were included in group II. All individuals were subjected to wideband tympanometry. Tympanometric peak pressure, equivalent ear canal volume, static acoustic admittance, resonance frequency, and absorbance ratios at peak pressure and ambient pressure values were analyzed. RESULTS: There was no difference between the groups in terms of traditional tympanometric parameters such as tympanometric peak pressure, equivalent ear canal volume, and static acoustic admittance (P >.05). Resonance frequency of workers exposed to chronic noise (group I and group II) was lower than the control group (P <.05). The absorbance ratios of workers exposed to chronic noise at approximately 4 kHz were lower in both peak pressures and ambient pressures (P <.05). CONCLUSION: Chronic noise does not only damage the inner ear but also causes changes in the middle ear structures. Wideband tympanometry can be used to detect minor auditory damage due to noise that cannot be detected by audiogram early. In this way, necessary measures can be taken in the early period before noise-induced hearing loss occurs.
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    Sound energy absorbance changes in the elderly with presbycusis with normal outer and middle ear
    (Springer, 2023) Yilmaz, Nihat; Soylemez, Emre; Sanuc, Merve Betul; Bayrak, Muhammed Harun; Sener, Veyis
    Objective This study aimed to investigate the wideband tympanometry (WBT) findings in the elderly with presbycusis who have normal outer and middle ears according to otoscopic examination and traditional tympanometry, and to determine whether there is a relationship between the middle ear wideband absorbance value and the pure tone air-bone gap (ABG) observed especially at mid-high frequencies in the elderly. Methods The study included 30 elderly with presbycusis (> 65 years old, presbycusis group) and 30 healthy individuals (control group) between the ages of 18 and 55. Pure tone air conduction and bone conduction thresholds of all participants were determined and WBT was applied to all participants. Resonance frequency (RF), absorbance ratios at peak pressure (PPAR) and ambient pressure (APAR) values were analyzed. Results The RF value of the presbycusis group was lower than the control group (p < 0.05). APAR and PPAR values at 2000 and 4000 Hz and mean absorbance values of the presbycusis group were lower than the control group (p < 0.05). APAR was higher at 500 Hz in males than females (p < 0.05), but there was no difference between genders in RFs (p > 0.05). A moderate negative correlation was observed between ABG and both PPAR and APAR at 4000 Hz in presbycusis group (p < 0.05). Conclusion it was determined that there was a decrease in RF and absorbances at 2000 and 4000 Hz in the elderly with presbycusis. Aging affects not only the inner ear but also the conduction mechanism of the middle ear. Our findings may be effective in a more accurate and reliable interpretation of WBT in the elderly with presbycusis.