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    Design and implementation of wireless patient health monitoring system
    (American Institute of Physics Inc., 2023) Saud, Al-Humairi, S.N.; Faizlin, M.K.B.A.; Saud, A.N.
    The design and deployment of an e-health monitoring network system are demonstrated in this paper. This system uses smart devices and wireless sensor networks in the real-time study of numerous patient data. Patients can be monitored via telemonitoring with this system, which intends to make diagnosis easier for clinicians. It also makes it easier for doctors and caregivers to keep continuous monitoring of their patients in any critical situations. To monitor the patient's health and surroundings, various medical and environmental sensors were employed, such as temperature, blood pressure, pH level and SPO2 sensors. The measured data have transmitted in real-time through a server/cloud. For privacy and security, the designed architecture of this project was used to keep a closed observation on a home patient case and many patients in health care units or public health hospitals. Furthermore, the readings can also be viewed on the webpage called "ThingSpeak"whereas the webpage is connected to the data cloud and displays the patient's readings via a visualizer in graph real-time form. In conclusion, this system shows a higher efficiency in data measurement and server transmission; thus, it can reduce the service time and expense required. © 2023 Author(s).
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    Design and Simulation of a Biocompatible Prosthesis Ti-15Mo-XTa Alloy: An Analysis of Mechanical Integrity Using Finite Element Modeling
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024) Saud, A.N.; Majdi, H.S.; Koç, E.; Al, Maamori, M.
    The main focus of this work is the development and simulation of a prosthesis using a high entropy alloy known as Ti-15Mo-XTa. The selection of this alloy is based on its compatibility with the human body, which is a crucial factor when choosing materials for medical implants. Traditional metal implants can cause several problems for patients, including toxic reactions from the release of metal ions, wear and tear of joint replacements from movement, and structural failure from repetitive loading. To address these concerns, the present study creates a three-dimensional finite element model of the prosthesis using COMSOL software. The model includes both isotropic and anisotropic materials and is subjected to various mechanical loads based on experimental studies. The finite element method is used to analyze the distribution of stress and strain across adjacent elements of the prosthesis. By simulating the behavior of the prosthesis under different loading conditions, valuable insights into its performance and durability can be gained. To assess the static design, the prosthesis is tested using COMSOL simulation software and subjected to loading conditions of 70, 90 and 110 kg. The objective of this assessment is to determine the robustness and ability of the design to withstand real-world mechanical demands. By conducting these simulations and tests, the researchers hope to contribute to the development of improved prostheses that can offer better functionality, longevity and overall patient satisfaction. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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    Effect of Weld Currents on Microstructure, Corrosion Behavior of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2021) Demir, B.; Koç, E.; Saud, A.N.
    Resistance spot welding (RSW) of magnesium alloys is very attractive due to not require filler metal. AZ31 Mg alloy sheets were exposed to RSW by constant weld electrode pressure, constant weld times, and numerous weld currents. The potentiodynamic polarization technique was used for the investigation of the corrosion behavior of the alloys. Results showed that the dendritic structure was promoted at the weld zone. AZ31 base metal is more resistant to corrosion than welded alloys. However, when compared with each other, icorr values of the welded alloys decrease as a function of weld current increases. The corrosion rate was predominantly influenced by the distribution of intermetallic and alloying elements, and RSW weld varied, which was in response to altering the joint microstructure. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG part of Springer Nature.
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    Investigation of the Effect of Adding Tantalum on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Biomedical Ti-15Mo Alloy
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Majdi, H.S.; Saud, A.N.; koç, E.; Al, Juboori, A.M.
    Titanium alloys have great applications as biomaterials due to their high mechanical strength and density ratio, good corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. Type ? alloys have aroused enormous interest in the development of biomaterials due to their low elastic modulus. This new class of alloys has been formed mainly by adding tantalum, molybdenum, proven not to have biocompatibility. Tantalum is an alloy hardening element, which can increase the mechanical strength of the material. At the same time, molybdenum is a strong ?-stabilizer, stabilizing the ? phase with 10% quickly. In this work, Ti-15Mo-xTa system alloys were produced by the powder metallurgy method. The result shows the prepared alloy presented the ?-phase grain structure, showing more excellent mechanical properties than pure titanium due to hardening in solid solution. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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    Modification of Acrylic Paint by Acetamide to Be Antibacterial Used for Medical Applications
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024) Al, Maamori, M.; Majdi, H.S.; Kareem, A.; Saud, A.N.
    This study aimed to develop an innovative approach to produce an organic antibacterial composite material by combining acrylic paint and acetamide through a simple mixing method. Acetamide, known for its potent antibacterial properties, underwent a thorough evaluation to assess its effectiveness in the composite. The antibacterial properties were evaluated using established methods such as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the agar well diffusion test. These tests provided quantitative and qualitative measures of inhibitory activity against two common bacterial strains, namely S. aureus and S. epidermidis. The results showed a clear correlation between the concentration of acetamide in the composite and its antibacterial activity. Higher concentrations of acetamide led to a significant increase in the effectiveness of the composite material against the targeted bacterial strains. In addition to the antibacterial properties, the mechanical and physical properties of the composite material were also analyzed comprehensively. Parameters such as wettability, swelling ratio and chemical structure were thoroughly investigated using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis. This comprehensive characterization enabled a detailed understanding of the behavior and performance of the composite material. The results of this study are auspicious in the context of operating rooms. The proposed composite antibacterial polymer coatings, utilizing organic or inorganic agents at low concentrations, represent an effective solution to eliminate bacteria and maintain a sterile environment. These coatings can be applied to operating room walls and offer improved infection control and reduced bacterial contamination risk. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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    Tribological behavior of porous Ti-56.07wt.% Ni shape memory alloys: Towards a sustainable biomaterials
    (American Institute of Physics Inc., 2023) Saud, Al-Humairi, S.N.; Anthony, M.C.; Saud, A.N.; Ganesan, T.; Erkan, K.
    Due to its high strength, stiffness, and biocompatibility, titanium alloys are employed in biomedical applications, although their wear resistance is still inadequate. Porous TiNi structures have a lower elastic modulus and density than dense TiNi structures, but they have sufficient shape memory characteristics, making them suitable for power absorption, lightweight, and biomedical implants. This study investigates the porous Ti-Ni Shape memory alloys (SMAs) tribological behavior for sustainable biomaterial's purposes. The ball-on-disk wear approach with a stainless-steel counter ball was conducted at different speeds times and applied loads to reveal the surface degradation of the Ti-Ni SMAs. The experimental procedure was designed via the Taguchi approach as a design of experimental (DoE) model. The wear mechanisms were inspected according to the wear loss, friction temperature, and worn surface feature. The results revealed that the wear rate and ball depth increased as the speed, time, and applied loads increased. However, the friction temperatures fluctuated according to the wear testing parameters due to the same percentage of the surface samples' surface porosity presence. © 2023 Author(s).