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Öğe Analysis of chippaux smirak index on dynamic balance scores(2020) Senol, Deniz; Toy, Şeyma; Bılge, Damla; Özdemir, Beyza; Özbağ, DavutAim: The aim of this study is to examine whether Chippaux Smirak Index (CSI) calculated from footprint and measurements takenfrom foot have an effect on balance scores.Materials and Methods: 61volunteers (25 males, 36 females) between the ages of 18 and 24 were included in our study and 122feet were measured. Footprints of the participants were taken by using Harris imprint. Footprints were scanned, the parameterswere measured with Digimizer program and CSI was calculated. Metatarsal foot width (MFW), maximum metatarsal foot width(MMFW), length of the foot (LoFA), heel width (HW) and foot length (FL) taken from footprints were measured. Individuals withCSI >62.70% were considered as flatfooted and excluded from the study. Dynamic balance measurements were made with BiodexBalance System (BBS) (Biodex Medical Systems, Shirley, 2000, New York). Overall (OA), anterior-posterior (AP) and medial-lateral(ML) dynamic balance assessments of the participants were made with eyes open.Results: According to Mann Whitney U analysis results, statistically significant difference was found between MFW, MMFW, LoFA,HW and FL parameters of men and women in both feet (p<0.05). It was found that OA, AP and ML balance scores had a statisticallysignificant difference between men and women for dynamic balance (p<0.05). According to Sperman Rho correlation analysis, apositive correlation was found between weight and body mass index (BMI) and balance scores in men and women. It was found thatthere was no significant correlation between CSI and balance scores.Conclusion: As a conclusion, while no association was found between weight and BMI and CSI, a positive correlation was foundbetween weight and balance scores. We believe the fact that women have lower BMI gives them an advantage in terms of balancescores. In addition, it was found as a result of this study that there was no association between CSI and balance scores. We believethat our study will have an important place in literature and be a guide since we compared both genders.Öğe Analysis of the effects of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity in menstrual cycle on ankle proprioception, dynamic balance scores and visual-auditory reaction times in healthy young women(Jmni, 2021) Senol, Deniz; Ucar, Cihat; Toy, Seyma; Kisaoglu, Aysegul; Ozbag, Davut; Ersoy, Yuksel; Yildiz, SedatObjectives: Menstrual cycle (MC) can affect not only the female reproductive system, but also functions such as neuromuscular performance. For this reason. the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) activity in MC on proprioception, balance and reaction times. Methods: For cortisol analysis, saliva samples were taken from the same women (n=43) in the four phases of MC. While State Trait Anxiety Inventory-I (STAI-I) was applied in each phase to support cortisol analysis, pain was measured with visual analogue scale (VAS). Proprioception, dynamic balance, visual and auditory reaction times (VRT-ART) measurements were made in the four phases of MC. Results: Cortisol, STAI-I and VAS scores, angular deviations in proprioception measurements, dynamic balance scores, VRT and ART measurements were found to show statistically significant difference between MC phases (p<0.05). As a result of the post hoc test conducted to find out which MC phase the statistical difference resulted from, it was found that statistically significant difference was caused by the mensturation (M) phase (p<0.05). Conclusions: It was found that neuromuscular performance and postural control was negatively affected by HPA axis activity in M phase of MC and by pain, which is a significant menstrual symptom.Öğe Analysis of the effects of total pneumatized turbinate volume on septum deviation, maxillary sinus volume, and maxillopalatal parameters: A multidetector computerized tomography study(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2023) Senol, Deniz; Oner, Serkan; Secgin, Yusuf; Oner, Zulal; Toy, SeymaIntroduction: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of pneumatized turbinate volume (PTV) on nasal septum deviation (NSD), maxillary sinus volume (MSV), and maxillopalatal parameters with multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). Material and Methods: MDCT images of a total of 73 patients (35 females and 38 males) between the ages of 25 and 58 years were used in the study. PTV, MSV, and NSD angle and direction and interalveolar distance (IAD), maxillary spin distance (MSD), and maxillopalatal angle (MPA) measurements were made on images brought to the orthogonal plane in 3 plans. Results: Turbinate pneumatization (superior, middle, or inferior) was found in a total of 55 (75.3%) patients (28 females and 27 males). The number of patients with turbinate pneumatization on the right side was 14 (19.2%), while the number of patients with turbinate pneumatization on the left side was 15 (20.5%) and the number of bilateral pneumatization was 26 (35.6%). While no significant association was found between the presence of turbinate pneumatization and septal deviation angle, MSV, MPA, IAD, and MSD measurements, a significant difference was found between the groups in terms of PTV (P < 0.05). No significant association was found between NSD direction and all parameters. Discussion and Conclusion: In this study, we conducted with MDCT images, in addition to the highest incidence in turbinate pneumatization with 75.3%; it was found that PTV did not have an effect on NSD amount, MSV, and maxillopalatal parameters. Men were found to have higher NSD angle, higher maxillary sinus aeration, and larger IAD when compared with women.Öğe Associating craniofacial morphometry determined by photo analysis with somatotype in healthy young individuals(2023) Toy, Şeyma; Senol, Deniz; Öner, ZülalObjectives: Evaluation of the relationship between craniofacial parameters and somatotype provides important contributions to specialist physicians and anatomists in determining diseases and obtaining objective results of anthropometric measurements. The study was designed in line with this hypothesis and the aim was to find out how this relationship changed in healthy individuals. Methods: The study was conducted by examining 191 healthy individuals between the ages of 18 and 30. The individuals’ faces were photographed from a distance of 1 meter and craniofacial parameters were measured in Image J program. Somatotype analysis was conducted by using Heath-Carter somatotype method. Results: As a result of our study, the individuals were found to be grouped in four classes according to Heath-Carter somatotype method: (1) mesomorph endomorph, (2) endomorph ectomorph, (3) endomorph mesomorph and (4) central. Significant correlation was found between the second and first somatotype groups in terms of total nasal length, while significant correlation was found between second and first/second and third/fourth and third/first and third somatotype groups in terms of body mass index (BMI) parameter (p < 0.05). Craniofacial parameters were also evaluated and a very high correlation was found between total facial height and mandibular height, while there was a high correlation between total facial height and the other 16 parameters. Conclusions: As a result of our study, a relationship was found between somatotype groups and craniofacial parameters, within craniofacial parameters, and between somatotype and BMI. We believe that this relationship will guide morphological studies in basic medical sciences and surgical interventions in clinical sciences.Öğe Can Typical Cervical Vertebrae Be Distinguished from One Another by Using Machine Learning Algorithms? Radioanatomic New Markers(Duzce Univ, Fac Medicine, 2023) Senol, Deniz; Secgin, Yusuf; Toy, Seyma; Oner, Serkan; Oner, ZulalObjective: The aim of this study is to distinguish the typical cervical vertebrae that cannot be separated from one another with the naked eye by using machine algorithms (ML) with measurements made on computerized tomography (CT) images and to show the differences of these vertebrae.Methods: This study was conducted by examining the 536 typical cervical vertebrae CT images of 134 (between the ages of 20 and 55) individuals. Measurements of cervical vertebrae were made on coronal, axial and sagittal section. 6 different combinations (Group 1: C3 - C4, Group 2: C3 - C5, Group 3: C3 - C6, Group 4: C4 - C5, Group 5: C4 - C6, Group 6: C5 - C6) were formed with parameters of each vertebrae and they were analyzed in ML algorithms. Accuracy (Acc), Matthews correlation coefficient (Mcc), Specificity (Spe), Sensitivity (Sen) values were obtained as a result of the analysis.Results: As a result of this study, the highest success was obtained with Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Logistic Regression (LR) algorithms. The highest Acc rate was found as 0.94 with LDA and LR algorithm in Groups 3 and Group 4, the highest Spe value was found as 0.95 with LDA and LR algorithm in Group 5, the highest Mcc value was found as 0.90 with LDA and LR algorithm in Group 5 and the highest Sen value was found as 0.94 with LDA and LR algorithm in Groups 3 and 5. Conclusions: As a conclusion, it was found that typical cervical vertebrae can be distinguished from each other with high accuracy by using ML algorithms.Öğe Comparison of the effects of conventional physiotherapy and proprioception exercises on pain and ankle proprioception in patients with lumbar radiculopathy(Ios Press, 2022) Senol, Deniz; Erdem, Cumali; Canbolat, Mustafa; Toy, Seyma; Karatas, Turgay; Baykara, Rabia Aydogan; Ozbag, DavutBACKGROUND: Lumbar radiculopathy is characterized by a significant amount of backache causing loss of workforce and is a significant health problem frequently seen in the general population. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of conventional physiotherapy (CT) and proprioception exercises (PE) on ankle proprioception and lumbar pain between patients with lumbar radiculopathy and a healthy control group. METHODS: In this randomized clinical trial, 89 patients referred to the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation outpatient clinic were selected through convenience sampling. They were randomly assigned to three groups: CT ( n = 27), PE ( n = 31), CT&PE (n = 31). Thirty healthy volunteers were included in the study as the control group. Proprioception measurements were made with an isokinetic dynamometer at 10 degrees dorsiflexion (DF), 11 degrees, and 25 degrees plantarflexion (PF) angles. Lumbar pain was assessed by using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS). The data were analyzed by IBM SPSS Statistics version 22.0 via the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of ankle proprioception and NPRS measurements in post-treatment evaluations (p < 0.05). Statistically significant differences were found between CT and PE groups and CT&PE and control groups. There was no statistically significant difference in comparing CT and PE groups and CT&PE and control groups within themselves (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The combined use of CT and PE is an effective method that can be used in the clinic to reduce angular differences in ankle proprioception which is one of the primary factors of balance and coordination and lumbar pain.Öğe Comparison of the Effects of the Somatotype on the Physical Activity, Kinesiophobia, and Fatigue Levels of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Patients and Healthy Individuals(Iranian Scientific Society Medical Entomology, 2021) Toy, Seyma; Ciftci, Rukiye; Senol, Deniz; Kizilay, Fatma; Ermis, HilalBackground: We aimed to compare the physical activity, kinesiophobia, and fatigue levels of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) patients and healthy individuals in terms their somatotypes. Methods: A total of 165 individuals were enrolled referred to the Department of Chest Diseases Sleep Disorders Center Outpatient Clinic of Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey in 2018. The somatotype analysis was conducted using the Heath- Carter method, the fatigue level was assessed using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT) fatigue scale, the kinesiophobia level was assessed using the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK), and the physical activity level was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Results: The results of the somatotype analysis revealed 3 different somatotypes in the healthy individuals and the OSAS patients' mesomorph endomorph, endomorphic mesomorph, and mesomorphic endomorph. When comparing the somatotypes of the healthy individuals and the OSAS patients, statistically significant differences were found in the FACIT scores of the mesomorph endomorphs, the IPAQ and FACIT scores of the endomorphic mesomorphs, and the TSK and FACIT scores of the mesomorphic endomorphs (P<0.05). Conclusion: In all three somatotypes of the OSAS patients, the fatigue index scores were higher when compared to those of the healthy individuals. Moreover, when compared with the healthy individuals, the physical activity levels of the endomorphic mesomorphs with OSAS were low, while the kinesiophobia scores of the mesomorphic endomorphs with OSAS were high. Based on the results of this study, in OSAS patients, the endomorphic mesomorph somatotype could be a risk factor for reduced physical activity, while the mesomorphic endomorph somatotype could be a risk factor for increased kinesiophobia.Öğe The effects of kinesio taping on reaction time, pain, hand grip strength and upper extremity functional state in patients with lateral epicondylitis(2021) Toy, Şeyma; Senol, Deniz; Çıftçı, Rukiye; Kızılay, Fatma; Ersoy, YükselPurpose: This study aims to evaluate the effects of kinesio taping (KT) in addition to conventional physiotherapy methods, on visualreaction time (VRT) and auditory reaction time (ART), pain, handgrip strength (HGS), and upper extremity function in patients withlateral epicondylitis (LE).Materials and Methods: 70 patients diagnosed with LE by a physician in a university hospital were included in the study. Patientswith LE were randomly divided into “Inhibitory KT” (IKT) and “Sham KT” (SKT) groups. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) measureswere made at rest (VAS-R), with movement (VAS-M), and at night (VAS-N) separately. Hubbard Scientific reaction timer for VRTART assessment, quick disability of the arm, shoulder, and hand questionnaire (Quick DASH) for the functional state, and Jamar handdynamometer measurements for HGS were recorded for pre-treatment and post-treatment comparisons.Results: In pre-treatment and post-treatment group comparison, it was found that both groups showed statistically significant recoveryin all parameters (p<0.05). When post-treatment data of the groups were compared, it was found that VAS-M, VAS-R, VRT, and ARTscores showed a statistically significant decrease in the IKT group (p<0.05).Conclusion: The present study shows that KT application in addition to conventional physiotherapy was an effective method in LE’sconservative treatment. Statistically significant differences were found on pain, reaction time (RT) scores in favor of the IKT groupwhen the post-treatment results of both groups were comparedÖğe Evaluation of Online Anatomy Education Given in Medicine and Dentistry Faculties of Universities During Covid-19 Pandemic with Student(Duzce Univ, 2021) Senol, Deniz; Toy, Seyma; Canbolat, Mustafa; Pektas, MuratObjective: We are experiencing the effects of Covid-19 pandemic as the whole world. All educational facilities have been negatively affected within this period. In this study, the aim was to evaluate online Anatomy education during Covid-19 pandemic with students' feedbacks and it was questioned whether it would be efficient to use online education more actively in the following years. Methods: A total of 1127 first and second year students from Dentistry Faculty and Medicine Faculty of Duzce, Karabuk and Inonu Universities were included in the study. The survey prepared in Google Forms was sent online to students via WhatsApp application. Descriptive statistical analyses were used in data. Results: According to analysis results, it was found that the students agreed on the content and efficiency of online anatomy education, not having learning difficulties, the layout of the lessons, the importance of the lesson, the necessity for their profession, the importance of visual tools, they are worried about not being able to do face-to-face lessons, and anatomy theoretical courses shouldn't be taught online when the pandemics is over. It was found that medicine faculty students placed more importance on anatomy education in terms of professional aspects. Conclusions: As a result, we believe that the online Anatomy education students receive is important in terms of their professional development. However, we believe that it won't be possible for online Anatomy education to replace face-to- face education. This study will be a resource for studies to be conducted in medicine and health sciences fields in terms of online education.Öğe Evaluation of visual and auditory reaction time, pain, and hand grip strength performance before and after conventional physiotherapy in patients with herniated cervical intervertebral disc with radiculopathy(Kare Publ, 2021) Senol, Deniz; Kizilay, Fatma; Toy, Seyma; Ciftci, Rukiye; Ersoy, YukselOBJECTIVE: Herniated cervical intervertebral disc (cervical disc herniation [CDH]) with radiculopathy is known to occur in seven or eight out of 100 people worldwide. This disease causes movement limitation, loss of strength, and pain of upper extremity. The aim of this study is the effect of conventional physiotherapy agents on predetermined parameters in patients with cervical radiculopathy and to compare the results with healthy controls. METHODS: A total of 102 patients with CDH with radiculopathy and 98 healthy controls were included in the study. Visual reaction time (VRT) and auditory reaction time (ART) measurements were evaluated with reaction timer, while the pain was assessed with visual analog scale (VAS) and handgrip strength (HGS) assessed with hand dynamometer, respectively. Conventional physiotherapy (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, hot pack application, and therapeutic ultrasound) agents were applied 5 days/week for 3 weeks as treatment protocol. RESULTS: As a result, VAS, VRT, and ART scores were significantly decreased, and HGS scores increased significantly in both female and male patients post-treatment measures (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between patient group and control group measurements in post-treatment evaluations (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: This study presents the conclusion to literature that conventional physiotherapy agents have the effect of decreasing pain and regaining motor function and also a therapeutic effect on VRT and ART in the treatment of patients with CDH with radiculopathy.Öğe Fiziksel engelli çocuklarda beslenme durumu ile somatotip profilleri arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi(2021) Çıftçı, Rukiye; Kızılay, Fatma; Toy, Şeyma; Senol, Deniz; Akyol, Betül; Ersoy, Yüksel; Özbağ, DavutFiziksel engelli çocuklarda beslenme durumu somatotip karaktertipini etkileyebilir. Bu çocuklarda beslenme durumunun olumsuzetkilenmesi aşırı zayıflığa veya aşırı kilo alımına, özelliklekilonun vücudun santral bölgesinde toplanmasına nedenolabilecek bir etkendir. Fiziksel engelli çocuklarda beslenmeninobezite ile ilişkisi bilinmekle birlikte, somatotip üzerine etkisiniaraştıran sınırlı çalışma bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada fizikselengelli çocuklarda beslenme durumunun somatotip karakterleriüzerine etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Çalışmaya 84 fizikselengelli çocuk katıldı. Çocuklar fonksiyonel engel seviyeleri KabaMotor Fonksiyon Sınıflama Sistemi (KMFSS) ile değerlendirildi.Çocukların yaş, boy, vücut ağırlığı, vücut kitle indeksi (VKİ)değişkenleri belirlendi. Somatotip karakter analizi Heath-Cartermetodu ile beslenme durumu ise Çocuk Beslenme Anketi (ÇBA)ile değerlendirildi. Çocuklarda ‘mezomorfik endomorf’, ‘endomezomorf’, ‘dengeli ektomorf’ ile ‘mezomorfi ve endomorfi’olmak üzere 4 somatotip karakteri belirlendi. Yapılan istatistikselanaliz sonucunda fiziksel engelli çocukların somatotipkarakterleri ile beslenme durumları arasında ilişki olmadığıbelirlendi (p>0.05). Fiziksel engelli çocuklarda somatotipkarakterleri ile beslenme durumları arasında ilişki bulunmadı. Budurum fiziksel engelli çocuklarda somatotip karakteri belirleyendiğer etkenlerin araştırılması yönünden dikkate alınmalıdır.Öğe Gender Prediction Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Measurements from Foramen Incisivum: Application of Machine Learning Algorithms and Artificial Neural Networks(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2024) Senol, Deniz; Secgin, Yusuf; Harmandaoglu, Oguzhan; Kaya, Seren; Duman, Suayip Burak; Oner, ZuelalIntroduction: This study aims to predict gender using parameters obtained from images of the foramen (for.) incisivum through cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and employing machine learning (ML) algorithms and artificial neural networks (ANN).Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 162 individuals in total. Precise measurements were meticulously extracted, extending from the foramen incisivum to the arcus alveolaris maxillaris, through employment of CBCT. The ML and ANN models were meticulously devised, allocating 20% for rigorous testing and 80% for comprehensive training.Results: All parameters that are evaluated, except for the angle between foramen palatinum majus and foramen incisivum-spina nasalis posterior (GPFIFPNS-A), exhibited a significant gender difference. ANN and among the ML algorithms, logistic regression (LR), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and random rorest (RF) demonstrated the highest accuracy (Acc) rate of 0.82. The Acc rates for other algorithms ranged from 0.76 to 0.79. In the models with the highest Acc rates, 14 out of 17 male individuals and 13 out of 16 female individuals in the test set were correctly predicted.Conclusion: LR, LDA, RF, and ANN yielded high gender prediction rates for the measured parameters, while decision tree, extra tree classifier, Gaussian Naive Bayes, quadratic discriminant analysis, and K-nearest neighbors algorithm methods provided lower predictions. We believe that the evaluation of measurements extending from foramen incisivum to arcus alveolaris maxillaris through CBCT scanning proves to be a valuable method in gender prediction.Öğe Morphometric examination of the hepatobiliary duct system in healthy individuals and patients with cholelithiasis: A radio-anatomic magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography study(Cukurova Univ, Fac Medicine, 2023) Toy, Seyma; Senol, Deniz; Ciftci, Rukiye; Sevgi, Serkan; Secgin, Yusuf; Yildirim, Ismail OkanPurpose: Cholelithiasis is a common gallbladder disease with high morbidity and treatment cost. Although the disease has many formation factors such as bile duct obstruction, congenital anomalies, genetic and metabolic diseases, the main cause is gallstones. The aim of this study is to examine the radio-anatomic and demographic characteristics of the bile ducts of patients who have cholelithiasis due to gallstones by using magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and to compare with healthy individuals.Materials and Methods: The study was carried out by retrospectively scanning the MRCP images of 113 patients diagnosed with cholelithiasis and 87 healthy individuals who were referred to the hospital for various indications and had no gallbladder pathology. Results: According to the Spearman rho correlation test performed by ignoring gender, a significant correlation was found between right hepatic duct diameter (RHD-D) and right hepatic duct - cystic duct angle (RHDCD-A), and between left hepatic duct diameter (LHD-D) and common bile duct diameter (CBD-D). In the correlation analysis performed only among males, a significant correlation was found between RHDCD-A and right hepatic duct - left hepatic duct angle (RLHD-A), RHDCD-A and common hepatic duct diameter (CHD-D) parameters. In the correlation analysis performed only among women, a significant relationship was found between age and RHD-D, LHD-D, CHD-D, CBD-D, between RHDCD-A and cystic duct - gallbladder angle (CDG-A), RHD-D, and between CHD-D and cystic duct diameter (CD-D).Conclusion: This study will contribute to literature by revealing the morphometric characteristics and radio -anatomic information of the hepatobiliary systems of both patients with cholelithiasis and healthy individuals.Öğe Morphometric Examinations of Internal Carotid Arteries of Patients with Hypertension and Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Radio Anatomic Study Based on Computed Tomography Angiography Findings(Turkish Neurosurgical Soc, 2022) Ciftci, Rukiye; Ulubaba, Hilal Er; Senol, Deniz; Toy, Seyma; Yildirim, Ismail OkanAIM: To examine the relationship between the morphologic features of the internal carotid artery (ICA) and symptoms affecting cerebral blood circulation including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension (HT).MATERIAL and METHODS: In this study, retrospective morphometric analysis of ICA measurements from 100 patients (aged 45-60 years) was performed using computed tomographic angiography (CTA) images. The images were divided into four groups: patients with HT (group 1), patients with T2DM (group 2), patients with HT and T2DM (group 3), and a healthy control group (group 4). Length and diameter measurements of the cervical, petrous, cavernous, and terminal segments of the ICA were made using 3D CTA images and recorded. The measurements of the male and female patients were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test and the groups were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis H test.RESULTS: It was found that there were statistically significant differences between male and female patients in terms of the right and left petrous, cavernous, and terminal segments of the ICA in group 1, right and left cervical left cavernous in group 3, left cervical, right and left petrous, cavernous, and right cavernous in group 4 (p<0.05). According to the Kruskal-Wallis H test analysis results, it was determined that there were no statistically significant differences between the patients in the four groups for all segment measurements (p>0.05).CONCLUSION: It was determined that ICA was more affected by HT than diabetes. In addition, we think that being knowledgeable of morphometric measurements of ICA will guide radio-anatomic evaluations and increase the level of microanatomic knowledge in surgical treatment.Öğe Morphometry of the Middle Cerebral Arteries: A Radio-Anatomical Study Based on Computed Tomography Angiography Findings(Soc Chilena Anatomia, 2023) Ciftci, Rukiye; Toy, Seyma; Ulubaba, Hilal Er; Senol, Deniz; Cinarli, FS.; Sigirci, AhmetMiddle cerebral artery (MCA), which has the largest irrigation area of the arteries that feed the brain, is an important artery whose microanatomy should be well known because of its vascular variation. In pathologies which are known to affect the cerebrovascular system such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension, morphometric characteristics of MCA gain importance. The aim of this study is to compare the morphometric characteristics of M1 segment of MCA in T2DM and hypertensive patients with those of healthy control group by using computed tomographic angiography (CTA). The study was carried out with retrospective morphometric analysis of CTA images of 200 individuals between 40 and 65 years of age. The individuals were grouped in four as hypertensive patients (group 1), patients with T2DM (group 2), patients with hypertension and T2DM (group 3) and healthy control group (group 4). Length and diameter measurements of M1 segment were performed and recorded by using 3D CTA images. While statistically significant difference was found between bilateral M1 segment diameters of both women and men (p<0.05), no statistically significant difference was found between segment lengths (p>0.05). As a result of the post hoc analysis performed, it was concluded that right and left M1 segment diameter of group 1, group 2 and group 3 was found to be different from group 4 in both sexes (p<0.05). We believe that this study will both be a guide in radio-anatomic assessments to be performed and also increase microanatomic level of information in the surgical treatment of the artery by showing the morphometric changes that occur in M1 segment of MCA in T2DM diseases.Öğe Sex and age estimation with machine learning algorithms with parameters obtained from cone beam computed tomography images of maxillary first molar and canine teeth(Int Assoc Law & Forensic Sciences, 2023) Senol, Deniz; Secgin, Yusuf; Duman, Burak Suayip; Toy, Seyma; Oner, ZulalBackgroundThe aim of this study is to obtain a highly accurate and objective sex and age estimation by using the parameters of maxillary molar and canine teeth obtained from cone beam computed tomography images in the input of machine learning algorithms. Cone beam computed tomography images of 240 people aged between 25 and 54 were randomly selected from the archive systems of the hospital and transferred to Horos Medikal. 3D curved multiplanar reconstruction was applied to these images and a 3D image was obtained. The resulting image was brought to the orthogonal plane and the measurements were made by superimposing them.ResultsThe results were grouped in four different age groups (25-30, 31-36, 37-49, 50-54) and recorded. As a result of our study, the highest accuracy rate was found as 0.81 in sex estimation with ADA Boost Classifier algorithm, while in age estimation, the highest accuracy rate was found as 0.84 between 25-30 and 31-36 age groups with random forest algorithm, as 0.74 between 25-30 and 37-49 age groups with random forest and ADA Boost Classifier algorithms and as 0.85 between 25-30 and 50-54 age groups with random forest algorithm.ConclusionsOur study differs from other studies in two aspects; the first is the selection of a sensitive method such as cone beam computed tomography, and the second is the selection of machine learning algorithms. As a result of our study, the highest accuracy rate was found as 0.81 in sex estimation and as 0.85 in age estimation with parameters of maxillary canine and molar teeth.Öğe A study on sex estimation by using machine learning algorithms with parameters obtained from computerized tomography images of the cranium(Nature Portfolio, 2022) Toy, Seyma; Secgin, Yusuf; Oner, Zulal; Turan, Muhammed Kamil; Oner, Serkan; Senol, DenizThe aim of this study is to test whether sex prediction can be made by using machine learning algorithms (ML) with parameters taken from computerized tomography (CT) images of cranium and mandible skeleton which are known to be dimorphic. CT images of the cranium skeletons of 150 men and 150 women were included in the study. 25 parameters determined were tested with different ML algorithms. Accuracy (Acc), Specificity (Spe), Sensitivity (Sen), F1 score (F1), Matthews correlation coefficient (Mcc) values were included as performance criteria and Minitab 17 package program was used in descriptive statistical analyses. p <= 0.05 value was considered as statistically significant. In ML algorithms, the highest prediction was found with 0.90 Acc, 0.80 Mcc, 0.90 Spe, 0.90 Sen, 0.90 F1 values as a result of LR algorithms. As a result of confusion matrix, it was found that 27 of 30 males and 27 of 30 females were predicted correctly. Acc ratios of other MLs were found to be between 0.81 and 0.88. It has been concluded that the LR algorithm to be applied to the parameters obtained from CT images of the cranium skeleton will predict sex with high accuracy.
