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    EFFECTS OF SOME ENVIRONMENTALLY-FRIENDLY FIRE-RETARDANT BORON COMPOUNDS ON MODULUS OF RUPTURE AND MODULUS OF ELASTICITY OF WOOD
    (State Forest Products Research Inst, 2009) Toker, Hilmi; Baysal, Ergun; Simsek, Hakan; Senel, Ahmet; Sonmez, Abdullah; Altinok, Mustafa; Ozcifci, Ayhan
    This study was designed to determine some mechanical properties such as modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) of wood treated with some environmentally-friendly fire-retardant boron compounds. Sodium perborate (SP) boric acid, (BA), and borax (BX) were used as boron compounds. Wood specimens were prepared from Calabrian pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) and beech (Fagus orientalis Lipski) wood. Before MOR and MOE tests, wood specimens were impregnated with aqueous solutions (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 %) of berates according to ASTM D 1413-76. Our results showed that MOR values of wood specimens treated with borates were lower compared to untreated control specimens. The MOR and MOE values of wood specimens were the lowest for treatments with SP followed by BX and BA, respectively. In general, the higher concentration levels of borates, the lower MOR of wood resulted.
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    GLOSSINESS, COLOR STABILITY, AND SURFACE ROUGHNESS OF WOOD TREATED WITH SOME BLEACHING CHEMICALS
    (State Forest Products Research Inst, 2009) Ozcifci, Ayhan; Yapici, Fatih; Altun, Suat; Toker, Hilmi; Baysal, Ergun; Senel, Ahmet; Simsek, Hakan
    The aim of this study was to determine the effects of different bleaching chemicals and their treatment time on glossiness, color stability, and surface roughness of wood. Spruce (Picea orientalis L.) and oak (Quercus sessiliflora Salisb.) wood specimens were bleached with aqueous solutions of 25% hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), 25% ammonia (NH(3)), and their mixture (1:1;volume:volume) for 10, 20, and 30 minutes immersing. Glossiness of wood specimens parallel and perpendicular to grain values were measured with Glossmeter at 60-degree incident angle. Color measurements and surface roughness were wade according to ISO 7724 - 2, and ISO 4287 standards, respectively. Results showed that the highest glossiness decrease (0.99) was observed in oak wood treated with ammonia solution perpendicular to grain for 20 min. immersing. The highest total color chance (18.88) was observed in oak wood treated with ammonia solution for 30 minutes immersing. All bleaching solutions increased the surface roughness of wood specimens.
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    Some combustion parameters of wood impregnated with borates
    (Forest Products Soc, 2009) Toker, Hilmi; Baysal, Ergun; Ozcifci, Ayhan; Simsek, Hakan; Altun, Suat; Yapici, Fatih; Goktas, Osman
    This study was conducted to determine some of the combustion parameters of Calabrian pine and Oriental beech treated with borates. Average mass loss and temperature values of Calabrian pine and Oriental beech wood were determined according to ASTM E-69. Boric acid, borax, and sodium perborate were used as borates. Before the combustion test, wood specimens were impregnated with aqueous solutions (1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, and 6%) of borates according to ASTM D1413-76. These results showed that mass loss and temperature values of both wood specimens treated with borates were lower compared to the untreated control specimens. Higher concentration levels of borates resulted in lower mass loss and temperature values of the wood.