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Öğe The Biocompatibility and Self-Healing Effect of a Biopolymer's Coating on Zn Alloy for Biomedical Applications(Mdpi, 2023) Cesarz-Andraczke, Katarzyna; Tuncay, Badegul; Pakiela, Wojciech; Brytan, Zbigniew; Skonieczna, Magdalena; Bidulska, Jana; Bidulsky, RobertThe objective of this study was to formulate dip coatings, incorporating casein, NaOH, and nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (nanoHAp), with self-healing properties for application on ZnMg3.2 wt.% alloy in the field of biomedical applications. This study hypothesizes that the self-healing mechanism within the layer will impede substrate degradation by progressively filling defects where chlorides from simulated body fluids intervene. Furthermore, it aims to mitigate potential damage effects during the implantation process by the layer's self-healing capabilities. The research focused on the dip-coating process parameters and chemical composition of baths for producing casein coatings on Zn alloy surfaces. This study investigated the impact of casein and NaOH concentration, along with the immersion time of ZnMg3.2 wt.% samples in the coating bath, on the self-healing capability of the coating under simulated human body fluid conditions (Ringer's solution, temperature: 37 degrees C). Effective technology was developed by selecting specific chemical compositions and immersion times in the coating bath, enhancing the self-healing progress against coating damage in Ringer's solution at 37 degrees C. The most significant self-healing effect was observed when the ZnMg3.2 wt.% substrate underwent a 1 h immersion in a coating bath containing 2 g of casein, 4 g of NaOH, and 0.1 g of nanoHAp powder. Electrochemical tests were instrumental in determining the optimal casein concentration and immersion time of the Zn alloy in the coating bath.Öğe Effects of Mold Cavity Geometry on Flow Rate and Mechanical Properties in Al-Si-Mg Alloy(Springer, 2023) Tuncay, Tansel; Baytar, Furkan; Tuncay, Badegul; Sunar, Talha; Dispinar, DeryaIn this study, the effects of the oxide films formed by using different mold cavity geometries on the mechanical properties of the parts were investigated. The casting process was carried out using the same runner system with different mold geometries. The effect of liquid metal flow rate on bifilm formation and the mechanical properties of the cast material were examined. Eventually, oxide bifilms formed in the mold cavity when the flow rate is low (caused by folding). These oxide bifilms negatively affect the mechanical properties as much as the oxide bifilms formed in the runner system. When real-time liquid metal flow rates are examined in different casting cavities, flow irregularities such as turbulence, folding, and splashing were developed differently in the flow rate of the liquid metal. It was determined that the stability in the flow rate of the liquid metal directly affects the mechanical strength.Öğe Effects of titanium addition on the microstructure and electrochemical corrosion behaviour in TZM alloy(Springer Heidelberg, 2022) Tuncay, Badegul; Ozyurek, DursunThis paper investigated the microstructural properties and corrosion behaviour of titanium-zirconium-molybdenum (TZM) alloys with different Ti content produced by the mechanical alloying method. Microstructural properties of TZM alloys due to Ti amount were characterized by SEM + EDS, XRD analysis, and microhardness tests. In corrosion tests, Tafel extrapolation and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods were used in mediums with different pH values (pH 4, pH 7 and pH 10). As a result of the studies, intermetallic formations and porosities are formed in the microstructure of the Mo matrix, and matrix grain boundaries depend on the amount of Ti added to the TZM alloy. However, especially with the addition of Ti, it was determined that the fibre shaped secondary phases were precipitated, and their size increased. According to the results, corrosion parameters obtained by impedance spectroscopy and Tafel curves method for TZM alloys with different Ti additions in the mediums pH 4, 7 and 10; The best corrosion resistance (mm year(-1)) was obtained in 0.55% Ti, and the least corrosion resistance was obtained in 0.40% Ti TZM alloy.Öğe Influence of casein on the degradation process of polylactide-casein coatings for resorbable alloys(Nature Portfolio, 2024) Cesarz-Andraczke, Katarzyna; Staszuk, Marcin; Tuncay, Tansel; Wozniak, Anna; Smok, Weronika; Tuncay, BadegulThis study used the dip-coating method to develop a new biocompatible coating composed of polylactide (PLA) and casein for ZnMg1.2 wt% alloy implants. It evaluated its impact on the alloy's degradation in a simulated body fluid. After 168 h of immersion in Ringer's solution, surface morphology analysis showed that the PLA-casein coatings demonstrated uniform degradation, with the corrosion current density measured at 48 mu A/cm2. Contact angle measurements indicated that the average contact angles for the PLA-casein-coated samples were below 80 degrees, signifying a hydrophilic nature that promotes cell adhesion. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed no presence of lactic acid on PLA-casein coatings after immersion, in contrast to pure PLA coatings. Pull-off adhesion tests showed tensile strength values of 7.6 MPa for pure PLA coatings and 5 MPa for PLA-casein coatings. Electrochemical tests further supported the favorable corrosion resistance of the PLA-casein coatings, highlighting their potential to reduce tissue inflammation and improve the biocompatibility of ZnMg1.2 wt% alloy implants.Öğe Influence of technological synthesis conditions on corrosion behaviour and mechanical properties for NiTi alloys(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2023) Tuncay, Badegul; Cug, Harun; Tuncay, Tansel; Ozyurek, Dursun; Cesarz-Andraczke, KatarzynaPurposeThis study aims to investigate NiTi alloys' characterization and corrosion behaviour produced by two different powder metallurgy (PM) methods. Design/methodology/approachIt was pre-formed under a protective atmosphere at 900 & DEG;C under a force of 45 MPa and sintered for 1 h under 10-6 Mbar in an atmosphere-controlled heat treatment furnace at 1,100 & DEG;C. The relationship between microstructural properties, SEM, XRD, density, microhardness and corrosion behaviour of pre-alloyed NiTi alloys produced by two different methods with the production method was investigated. FindingsAs a result of the studies, TiO, NiTi, NiTi2 and Ni3Ti intermetallics were determined in XRD examinations. The best surface roughness was observed in the mechanically milled (MM'ed) pre-alloyed NiTi alloy compared to the pre-alloyed NiTi alloy mixed with turbula. The corrosion tests performed in 3.5% NaCl solution determined that the MM'ed pre-alloyed NiTi alloy had better corrosion resistance than the pre-alloyed NiTi alloy mixed with turbula. Pitting corrosion was visualized in the SEM images taken from the corrosion surfaces. Originality/valueTwo different PM methods produced pre-alloyed NiTi powders, and the effects of these methods on the mechanical and corrosion resistance of NiTi alloys were systematically investigated for the first time.Öğe Mekanik alaşımlama metoduyla üretilen a356/xni ön alaşımlarda nikelin mikroyapı ve aşınma davranışı üzerine rolü(2022) Tunçay, Tansel; Tasar, Berat; Tuncay, Badegul; Sunar, TalhaBu çalışmada, A356 alaşım tozları mekanik alaşımlama (MA) metoduyla farklı miktarda Nikel (Ni) ile ön alaşımlandırılmıştır. Ni miktarına bağlı ön alaşımlanmış A356/XNi alaşımlarındaki mikroyapısal incelemeler optik mikroskop (OM) ve tarama elektron mikroskobu (SEM), enerji dağılımlı x-ışını spektrometresi (EDS) ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. A356/XNi alaşımların mekanik özellikleri; yoğunluk, makro sertlik ve aşınma testleri ile değerlendirilmiştir. A356X/Ni alaşımları farklı yük ve mesafelerde pin-on disk tipi aşınma test cihazında test edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak karakterizasyon çalışmalarında Ni miktarının artmasına bağlı olarak yapıda oluşan Al-Ni ve Al-Ni-Fe içerikli intermetalik fazlarının tane sınırlarındaki oranının arttığı belirlenmiştir. Makro sertliğin %0,5 Ni ilavesine kadar yaklaşık %10 düştüğü, fakat daha sonra %2,0 Ni ilavesi ile %23 arttığı belirlenmiştir. Aşınma testlerinde aşınma yükünün artması ile hacimsel aşınma miktarı artmaktadır. 10 N da en düşük hacimsel aşınma A356/%2,0Ni alaşımında, 20 N da en düşük hacimsel aşınma A356/%0,25Ni alaşımında elde edilmiştir. Özellikle aşınma testlerinde Ni eklenmesiyle hacimsel aşınma miktarının daha kararlı hale geldiği dikkat çekicidir.Öğe The Role of Zirconium on the Microstructure and Electrochemical Corrosion in TZM Alloys(Maik Nauka/Interperiodica/Springer, 2022) Tuncay, Badegul; Ozyurek, DursunIn this paper, Mo-based titanium-zirconium (TZM) alloys containing 0.06, 0.07, 0.08 and 0.09% Zr were produced by mechanical alloying method and the effect of Zr on the microstructure and corrosion behavior of the TZM alloy was studied. Microstructural properties of TZM alloys were characterized by SEM + EDS, XRD analysis and micro hardness tests. In corrosion tests, Tafel extrapolation and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) methods were used in solutions with different pH values (pH 4, pH 7 and pH 10). As a result of the studies, it is seen that depending on the amount of Zr added to the TZM alloy, different secondary phases are formed in the microstructure of Mo matrix and the grain boundaries. According to Tafel curves in pH 4, 7 and 10 solutions of TZM alloys with different Zr composition and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) results. The highest corrosion resistance (in mm/year) was obtained in 0.09% Zr TZM alloy, the lowest corrosion resistance was obtained in 0.06% Zr TZM alloy. Moreover, the highest corrosion resistance was obtained at pH 7 and the lowest corrosion resistance at pH 10.
