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Öğe Assessment of H2S and BTEX concentrations in ambient air using passive sampling method and the health risks(Springer, 2021) Ulutas, Kadir; Kaskun, Songul; Demir, Selami; Dincer, Faruk; Pekey, HakanWastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) may be a source of nuisance in neighbouring places due to hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes) emissions. In this study, samples were collected from WWTP workplace ambient air and outdoor ambient air around one of the largest WWTPs in Istanbul with a capacity of 250,000 m(3)/day to evaluate the effects of H2S and BTEX emissions. Samples were collected in three seasons for 15-day durations: winter (November 2015), spring (May 2015), and summer (August 2016). Average concentrations of H2S and BTEX were determined as 1.1 and 56.2 mu g/m(3), respectively. Average concentrations BTEX components were 4.9, 20.7, 6.4, and 24.2 mu g/m(3), respectively. Health risk assessment for plant workers and local residents was performed for H2S and BTEX inhalation exposure using the method by USEPA. Results show that H2S and BTEX emissions do not have harmful effects on human health.Öğe Assessment of the pollution level, microscopic structure, and health risk of heavy metals in surface dusts in a sports field(Pamukkale Univ, 2023) Ulutas, KadirIn urban areas, dust accumulated on the surface is one of the most used sampling methods used to evaluate environmental pollution, due to the effectiveness of meteorology and topography in the transport and accumulation of atmospheric pollution. The heavy metal concentration of surface dust collected from stadium seats was examined in this study. 22 different heavy metals namely Si, Fe, Al, Ti, Mn, Zn, Sr, Ba, Cr, Pb, Co, V, Ni, Sn, Sc, Bi, Sb, Ag, As, Mo, Hg and Cd concentrations were determined by ICP-MS and ICP-OES techniques, and SEM image was examined to determine its morphological structure. Heavy metal concentrations, except Zn and Bi, were found to be lower than those found in the earth crust. The shape and size of the particles indicated that the environment could be influenced by the natural soil source and anthropogenic sources. In addition, two separate assessments were conducted in terms of exposure to dust toxicity for normal daily activity and sporting activity coupled with normal daily activity. The results were considered acceptable because the health risk and cancer risk assessments were below the limit values.Öğe Boosting biogas production and methane yield by using street dust as an additive on anaerobic digestion of cattle manure(Springer Heidelberg, 2023) Calhan, Rahman; Ulutas, KadirThe addition of additives is one strategy used to boost the biogas and methane yield during the anaerobic digestion (AD) process. Many additives were used in AD and reported dramatically increased biogas and methane production. Street dust (SD), which consists of many elements, is a promising AD additive. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of using SD as an additive to the AD of cattle manure. For this purpose, dust samples were collected from the Dilovasi region, where intense industrial activities occur in Turkey, and added as an additive to the AD system at 1.0, 3.0, and 5.0 wt% rates. The highest biogas production and biogas yield of 4282.85 mL and 424.89 mL/gVS were obtained at 1.0% concentration in dust sample 3 (SD3), respectively. However, the highest methane yield was obtained at a 3.0% concentration in dust sample 2 (SD2). Moreover, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total solid (TS), and volatile solid (VS) removal efficiencies were also evaluated. The highest TS and VS removal efficiencies were achieved at 1.0% concentration SD3 (SD3-1) by 57.45% and 54.24%, respectively, while the highest COD removal efficiency was achieved at 5% SD2 concentration (SD2-3) by 64.46%. The overall results showed that using SD as an additive in AD, the biogas and methane yield compared to the control group.Öğe CUT DIAMETER OF CYCLONE SEPARATORS: PART I. MULTIPLE NONLINEAR REGRESSION(Yildiz Technical Univ, 2020) Demir, Selami; Karadeniz, Aykut; Ulutas, KadirPressure drop and particle collection efficiency are the two operating parameters for assessing the performance of cyclone separators. Although a great number of practical models exists for predicting the cyclone pressure drop in the design phase, models for estimating particle collection efficiency is very limited. In this study, an improved mathematical model for calculating cut diameter in cyclone separators, which is a measure of particle collection efficiency, was developed based on Lapple's formula. Modified Lapple's formula represents the cut diameters with R-2 = 0.9969 and relative mean square error (RMSE) of 2.533*10(-9). Also, a new empirical regression model was proposed (R-2 = 0.9619). The average errors of both models were very close to zero. Performance tests indicated that both models can be used confidently to predict cut diameter in cyclone separators.Öğe Eco-friendly dehydrogenation of dimethylamine- borane catalyzed by core-shell-looking tri-metallic RuNiPd nanoclusters loaded on white-lowering horse-chestnut seed(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2022) Ulutas, Kadir; Alshawesh, Mansour; Duman, SibelGenerally, white-flowering horse-chestnut seed (WFHC) found in roadsides, parks and gardens, which spills around and causes environmental pollution, is defined as waste-bio material. This study is quite remarkable as it gives WFHC a new field of usage and literally prioritizes the environment. Here, waste-bio WFHC was tested as supporter for tri-metallic RuNiPd nanoclusters in the eco-friendly dehydrogenation of dimethylamine-borane (DMAB). Core-shell-looking tri-metallic RuNiPd@WFHC, with 264.09 +/- 45.55 nm particle size, were in-situ synthesized throughout dehydrogenation of DMAB at 35.0 +/- 0.1 degrees C. The WFHC and tri-metallic Ru2.00Ni1.86Pd1.00@WFHC NCs were characterized by advanced analysis and their surface morphologies were studied in detail using adsorption models. The N2 adsorption-desorption and logarithmic-Freundlich plots indicated that surface morphologies have heterogeneous multi-layer and typical Type-III isotherm with meso-porous surfaces. Also, detailed kinetic studies were actualized on the dehydrogenation of DMAB catalyzed by tri-metallic Ru2.00Ni1.86Pd1.00@WFHC NCs with 158 h-1 TOF value.(c) 2022 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe The effect of air quality parameters on new COVID-19 cases between two different climatic and geographical regions in Turkey(Springer Wien, 2023) Ulutas, Kadir; Abujayyab, Sohaib K. M.; Abu Amr, Salem S. S.; Alkarkhi, Abbas F. M.; Duman, SibelDifferent health management strategies may need to be implemented in different regions to cope with diseases. The current work aims to evaluate the relationship between air quality parameters and the number of new COVID-19 cases in two different geographical locations, namely Western Anatolia and Western Black Sea in Turkey. Principal component analysis (PCA) and regression model were utilized to describe the effect of environmental parameters (air quality and meteorological parameters) on the number of new COVID-19 cases. A big difference in the mean values for all air quality parameters has appeared between the two areas. Two regression models were developed and showed a significant relationship between the number of new cases and the selected environmental parameters. The results showed that wind speed, SO2, CO, NOX, and O-3 are not influential variable and does not affect the number of new cases of COVID-19 in the Western Black Sea area, while only wind speed, SO2, CO, NOX, and O-3 are influential parameters on the number of new cases in Western Anatolia. Although the environmental parameters behave differently in each region, these results revealed that the relationship between the air quality parameters and the number of new cases is significant.Öğe Municipal Waste Incineration Fly Ash Engineering Applications with a View to Reducing Leaching of Heavy Metal Pollution(Mehmet Sinan Bilgili, 2022) Jamalimoghadam, Mohammad; Vakili, Amir Hossein; Saffarzadeh, Amirhomayoun; Ulutas, KadirMunicipal waste incineration fly ash (MSWIFA) is categorized as hazardous waste because of its high content of potentially toxic elements and other pollutants (e.g., heavy metal species and heavy metals leaching). Stabilizing and immobilizing heavy metals in fly ash or removing dioxins are two significant issues that must be overcome in treating and disposing of MSWIFA. This paper emphasizes state-of-art findings from literatures on the challenges of using ashes from the combustion of municipal solid waste (MSW). The reviewed articles suggested that the MSW ash can be safely used in various fields of engineering. However, the risk of using these substances in terms of environmental and human health conditions should be carefully considered.Öğe Risk assessment and spatial distribution of heavy metal in street dusts in the densely industrialized area(Springer, 2022) Ulutas, KadirStreet dust samples can be used as an indicator for pollution monitoring especially in big cities. Various environmental problems have been experienced in Dilovasi, Turkey, and studies have been carried out in many different areas; however, no study has been conducted to examine the heavy metal content in street dusts. Therefore, in this study, 20 heavy metals, namely Si, Fe, Al, Zn, Mn, Ti, Cr, Ba, Pb, Ni, Sr, V, Co, Cd, Sb, As, Sn, Mo, Sc and Ag, in the street dusts of Dilovasi were investigated at 40 sampling points. Samples were analyzed with ICP-MS and ICP-OES. The concentrations were from 0.01 mg/kg for Ag to 42,645.48 mg/kg for Si. The Igeo values were in the range of 0.02 for Ag and 8.03 for V. The average EF value was 29.67, which indicates a very high pollution level. ERI was found as 300.74. This value being 300-600 indicates a considerable ecological risk level for the region. According to PCA, the predominant anthropogenic contribution of metal pollution in this area was due to traffic and vehicle-related activities and industrial activities and their waste. Metal pollution from residential areas and natural resources was relatively low, but it was another source of pollution.Öğe Spatial distribution, contamination levels, source identification and human health risk assessment of potentially toxic elements in street dust in urban area in Libya(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2023) Ulutas, KadirStreet dust samples were collected from 31 sampling sites which were classified into four different groups in Zawiya, Libya, covering different traffic, city center, junkyards, oil refinery, farming, and household activities. Since the potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in street dust have a non-negligible impact on health, the aim of this study is to investigate the sources, pollution level and human health risk of PTEs. In this study, wavelength distribution X-ray fluorescence device was used to determine the concentration of PTEs. The spatial distribution, contamination levels, sources, and human health risks of PTEs in road dust were evaluated. The PTEs content of the street dust were found as Cr>Mn>Zn>Pb>Cu>Ni>Co. The average concentration of most PTEs (Co, Cu, Mn, Ni and Zn) was higher in junkyards and heavily traffic areas than in other areas. Cobalt and Cu has the highest geo accumulation index (Igeo) values, and due to these values, the study area was evaluated as moderately to heavily contaminated. Enrichment factor (EF) values of Cr, Pb and Zn exhibited a significant enrichment, indicating that some sampling sites were affected by anthropogenic sources. There was no lifetime cancer risk for exposure to PTEs in street dust by inhalation in Zawiya. Each hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI) for all PTEs were less than 1, indicating that exposure to PTEs in street dust did not have significant non-carcinogenic risks for both adults and children. In conclusion, Zn, Pb, Cu, Mn, and Cr were represented by the largest portion of the total data variance in the principal component analysis (PCA), and they were positively correlated. It was seen that study area was influenced by anthropogenic sources rather than natural sources, but there was no health risk.
