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Öğe Adenovirus 36 and its effect on vitamin D levels in obese and overweight patients(J Infection Developing Countries, 2019) Cakmakliogullari, Elcin Kal; Sevencan, Nurhayat OzkanIntroduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Adenovirus-36 (Ad-36) in overweight and obese patients and the effects of this virus on some metabolic parameters. Methodology: The study included 236 female patients with body mass index (BMI) >= 25. The patients were separated into 2 groups as overweight (BMI: 25-29.99) and obese (BMI >= 30). To quantitatively determine the antibody (Ab) specific to adenovirus type 36 in the serum samples, the enzyme-immunoassay (EIA) method was used (AdV36-Ab, ELISA Kit, MyBioSource). Laboratoryparameters were compared between patients who are Ad-36 Ab positive and negative. Results: Of the total 236 patients, 82 (34.7%) were determined as Ad-36 positive and 154 (65.3%) were negative. Ad-36 Ab positivity was statistically significantly higher in the obese group (p = 0.018). The HOMA-IR index, triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein were found to be the same in both groups with no statistically significant differences(p > 0.05). Vitamin D levels were significantly higher in BMI >= 30 Ad-36 Ab positive group than negative group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The frequency ofAd-36 Ab positivity was significantly higher in the obese group than in the overweight group. These results can be considered to shed a different perspective from previous reports in literature as only overweight and obese females were included. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to have shown that Ad-36 has the effect of elevating the Vitamin D levels.Öğe Adenovirus-36 infection and obesity: A case control study of Turkish women with polycystic ovary syndrome(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2021) Cakmakliogullari, Elcin Kal; Eroglu, SemraBackground and aims: Adenovirus-36 (Ad-36) seropositivity has been shown to be involved in the aetiology of obesity. The aim of this study was to examine Ad-36 positivity in obese and normal-weight patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods: There were two groups including 92 and 110 subjects. This study was a prospective casecontrol study. The enzyme-immunoassay method was used to quantitatively determine antibodies (Abs) specific to human Ad-36 in the serum samples. Age, body mass index (BMI), fasting glucose levels and insulin levels of the participants were recorded. The PCOS and control group patients were divided into two groups: the overweight group with BMI >= 25 kg/m(2) and non-obese group with BMI <25 kg/m(2). Results: Ad-36 Ab positivity in the PCOS group was found to be significantly higher than that in the control group (p < 0.001). Ad-36 Ab positivity was significantly higher in the PCOS obese group than in the control obese group (p < 0.001). Ad-36 Ab positivity and BMI >= 25 kg/m(2) were identified as independent predictors of PCOS in logistic regression analysis. Conclusion: Ad-36 Ab positivity was significantly higher in the obese/overweight PCOS patients. Obesity can be prevented in patients with PCOS by treating Ad-36. (C) 2021 Diabetes India. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe A Comparison of the Costs, Reliability and Time of Result Periods of Widely Used Methods, New Molecular Methods and MALDI Tof-Ms in the Routine Diagnosis of Candida Strains(Ankara Microbiology Soc, 2019) Cakmakliogullari, Elcin Kal; Asgin, Nergis; Degeri, KenanIn recent years, the fast and accurate identification of the Candida species is of great importance as the response to antifungal treatment differs among species. Following the treatment of several immunosuppressive diseases, fungal infections can emerge. The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy, costs and time of result periods of the methods used in the identification of the most common human fungal infectious agent, Candida strains. From various clinical samples sent to the Microbiology Laboratory of Karabuk University Training and Research Hospital between July 2016-December 2017, a total of 91 yeast isolates cultivated in blood agar (Becton Dickinson, USA) and/or Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA-Oxoid, UK), confirmed with colony morphology and microscopic appearance, identified as Candida species with a fully automated identification system (Phoenix (TM) Yeast ID Panel, Becton Dickinson Diagnostics, USA) were included in the study. All the samples were examined with sequence analysis using ITS1 forward 5'-TCC GTA GGT GAA CCT GCG G-3' and ITS4 reverse 5'-TCC TCC GCT TAT TGA TAT GC-3' primers (Iontek, Turkey) and the matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionisation time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI TOF-MS) systems. Molecular sequence analysis was accepted as the gold standard method and the results were compared with those of the other methods MALDI TOF-MS and Phoenix (TM) Yeast ID Panel in respect of the accuracy of the identification of Candida strains. According to the results of the DNA sequence analysis of the 91 Candida isolates included in the study, 24 were identified as Candida albicans, 20 Candida tropicalis, 16 Candida parapsilosis, 13 Candida glabrata, seven Candida kefyr, six Candida krusei, two of each Candida dubliniensis, Candida guilliermondi and one Candida lusitaniae. Compared to the results of the DNA sequence analysis, the accurate identification of the fully automated Phoenix (TM) system and the MALDI TOF-MS system was found as 92.3% and 97.8%, respectively. In addition to accuracy, costs and time of result periods of the three methods were also compared. Disregarding the cost of the device in the 3 methods, when the comparison was made of the cost per test and the time to results after pure production in SDA agar, the MALDI TOF-MS system was determined to have the lowest costs and provided results in the shortest time. As some of the Candida strains have antifungal resistance, identification of the strains must be a priority in respect of starting early treatment. The MALDI TOF-MS system has high performance in accurate identification, low costs and the system provides the results within minutes, thereby allowing immediate decision to be made for the antifungal treatment to be started. Thus, the morbidity, mortality and cost rates will be reduced. In conclusion, as the MALDI TOF-MS is a rapid, reliable and low cost per test system, it can be considered suitable for routine use in laboratories.Öğe Decreased serum profile of the interleukin-36a in polycystic ovary syndrome(Elsevier Taiwan, 2021) Eroglu, Semra; Cakmakliogullari, Elcin KalObjective: The aim of this study was to determine the serum adiponectin and interleukin-36 alpha (IL36a) levels in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and their relationship with obesity. Materials and methods: This observatory study included 80 PCOS patients and 58 controls. The clinical, biochemical, and hormonal parameters, and serum adiponectin and IL-36a levels of the patients were evaluated. Results: The serum IL-36a levels of the PCOS patients were significantly lower when compared to the control group, despite a similar mean body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.000). The adiponectin levels were significantly lower in the obese PCOS group when compared to the obese control group (P = 0.03). The plasma IL-36a level was positively correlated with adiponectin level, but negatively correlated with the serum LH level (P = 0.000 and P = 0.004, respectively). Using receiver operating characteristic analysis, the cut-off value of IL-36a was calculated as 0.815 for PCOS. In the multiple binary logistic regression analysis, IL-36a (OR [95% CI] 0.432 [0.303, 0.616], P < 0.001) and adiponectin (OR [95% CI] 1.044 [1.005, 1.084], P = 0.028) were determined to be significantly associated with PCOS. Conclusion: A reduced IL-36a level may play a role in the pathogenesis of ovulatory disfunction and insulin resistance in PCOS patients. Further studies are needed to understand the pathogenic and clinical significance of the IL-36 system in PCOS. (c) 2021 Taiwan Association of Obstetrics & Gynecology. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).Öğe Decreased serum profile of the interleukin-36a in polycystic ovary syndrome (vol 60, pg 1018, 2021)(Elsevier Taiwan, 2022) Eroglu, Semra; Cakmakliogullari, Elcin Kal[No abstract available]Öğe High prevalence of TEM, VIM, and OXA-2 beta-lactamases and clonal diversity among Acinetobacter baumannii isolates in Turkey(J Infection Developing Countries, 2019) Asgin, Nergis; Otlu, Baris; Cakmakliogullari, Elcin Kal; Celik, BetulIntroduction: Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen that causes nosocomial infections with high mortality. Treatment options are limited owing to its resistance to numerous antibiotics. Here, we sought to determine the antibiotic susceptibilities of A. baumannii isolates, investigate clonal relationship among the strains, and determine the frequency of beta-lactamase resistance genes. Methodology: The identification and antibiotic susceptibilities of 69 A. baumannii strains were determined using a BD-Phoenix automated system. The presence of bla(OXA-2), bla(OXA-10), bla(OXA-23), bla(OXA-24/)(40), bla(OXA-51), bla(OXA-58), bla(TEM), bla(SHV), bla(IMP), bla(VIM), and bla(GIM) genes were investigated using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and clonal relatioships among the isolates were determined using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results: All strains were resistant to ampicillin-sulbactam, gentamicin, cefepime, ciprofloxacin, and ceftriaxone. While 65 of the 69 strains (94.2%) were resistant to piperacillin-tazobactam, amikacin, imipenem, and meropenem, all swains were susceptible to tigecycline and colistin. The frequencies of b/aoxik-51, blaoxA-23, bIa(TEM), bla(OXA-2), bla(VIM), and bla(SHV) were 100%, 94.2%, 53.6%, 21.7%, 14.5%, and 2.9%, respectively. Based on PFGE results, 56 of the 69 strains were clonally related, and the clustering rate was 81.2%. No common outbreak isolate was detected. Conclusions: The most prevalent OXA genes were bla(OXA-51), bla(OXA-23), and bla(OXA-2). Furthermore, bla(TEM), bla(SHV), and bla(VIM), which are common in Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas spp, were detected, suggesting horizontal gene transfer had occurred between bacteria. No single clone outbreak was detected by PFGE. However, multiclonal spread and the high clustering rate suggest cross-contamination. Therefore, in future, more effective infection control measures must be implemented.Öğe The Invitro Sensitivity of Bacterial Conjunctivitis Agents to Routinely Used Antibiotics(Duzce Univ, 2018) Cakmakliogullari, Murat; Cakmakliogullari, Elcin KalObjective: The most commonly seen ocular infection worldwide is bacterial conjunctivitis. It is widespread practice to use broad spectrum empirical treatment for bacterial conjunctivitis without production of the agent micro-organism or performing antibiotic sensitivity tests. In the current study, it was aimed to find an effective empirical treatment by isolating bacterial conjunctivitis agents and determining the antibiotic sensitivity percentages in invitro conditions. Methods: Culture samples were taken from the mucopurulent discharge of 65 patients diagnosed with bacterial conjunctivitis. The samples were taken with a swab stick into transport medium, then seeded and the bacteria colonies produced were identified using a fully automated BD Phoenix system (Becton Dickinson , USA). Each of the produced bacteria were evaluated using netilmicin, tobramycin, ofloxacin, tetracycline, chloramfenicol, gentamicin, lomefloxacin, moxifloxacin, and ciprofloxacin discs with the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Results: The 65 patients with bacterial conjuntivitis comprised 30 females and 35 males, age between 21 and 86 (average: 48.23 +/- 10.47). The agent bacteria was isolated in 46 (70.7%) cases. Of the produced bacteria, 86.9% were gram positive cocci, and of these, coagulase negative staphylococci was the most frequently isolated. The sensitivity percentages of the examined antibiotics were found to be netilmicin 93.3%, chloramphenicol 92.5%, tobramycin 90.0%, gentamicin 88.2%, moxifloxacin 84.3%, ofloxacin 80.9%, tetracycline 75.0%, ciprofloxacin 70.5% and lomefloxacin 63.3%. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that rather than using broad spectrum fluoroquinolones in empirical treatment of patients with bacterial conjuctivitis, the firstline use of aminoglycoside-derived antibiotics would have a positive effect on the treatment process.Öğe Is the presence of Demodex folliculorum increased with impaired glucose regulation in polycystic ovary syndrome?(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2020) Eroglu, Semra; Cakmakliogullari, Murat; Cakmakliogullari, Elcin KalDemodex parasites may cause skin and eyelash lesions by settling on the pilosebaceous unit. This parasite plays a role in the pathophysiology of acne in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). We aimed to examine the relationship between Demodex folliculorum and blood glucose control in patients with PCOS with skin and eyelash lesions. Forty-four patients with PCOS with skin lesions were enrolled in the study. At least two specimens were taken from the skin lesions using the standard method and at least six epilated eyelashes were taken from both eyes under a biomicroscope and evaluated using a light microscope. The demographic characteristics, body mass index (BMI) and clinical parameters of the patients were recorded. Demodex folliculorum was present at a rate of 59.1% in the skin lesions of the patients with PCOS, 40.9% in eyelash samples and 43.18% in both skin and lashes. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), glycosylated haemoglobin (HB A1c) concentrations, and BMIs were significantly higher in the patients who had D. folliculorum in skin samples than in those without (p = .010, p = .007 and p = .02). Impaired glucose regulation may explain the pathophysiology of the increased D. folliculorum presence in the skin lesions of patients with PCOS.Impact statement What is already known on this subject? Although several studies on Demodex folliculorum and PCOS have been conducted, we have not yet found a study that examines D. folliculorum parasites in the eyelashes and skin correlating with glucose regulation in PCOS. This study presents new information about the relationship between the presence of D. folliculorum and impaired glucose regulation in women with PCOS. What do the results of this study add? D. folliculorum is seen more commonly in skin lesions in patients with PCOS with impaired blood glucose regulation.Öğe An unusual location of squamous cell carcinoma and a rare cutaneous infection caused by serratia marcescens on the tumoral tissue A case report(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2018) Sevencan, Nurhayat Ozkan; Cakmakliogullari, Elcin Kal; Ozkan, Aysegul Ertinmaz; Kayhan, BurcakRationale: Serratia marcescens (S. marcescens) is an opportunistic pathogen of the Enterobacteriaceae family. Although S. marcescens is known to cause sepsis, meningitis, endocarditis, urinary system and ocular infections, skin infections are sporadic. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most aggressive skin cancer type that is often located in the head and neck region, and rarely in the scalp tissue. Patient concerns: An 89-years-old male patient was diagnosed with SCC three years ago. The frontal region of the skull showed an ulcerated tumor, irregular borders, and exophytic growth pattern. The destruction of the frontal bone made the vibrating brain tissue visible, and the lower part had haemopurulent flow. Diagnoses: Gram staining showed the proliferation of gram (-) bacilli. Bacteria were identified as non-pigmented S. marcessens in the wound culture. To the best of our knowledge, there have not been any cases reported with S. marcescens causing cutaneous infections on SCC. Therefore, our report is the first case in the literature. Interventions: According to the culture antibiogram, S. marcescens was ciprofloxacin sensitive. Consequently, 1000mg/day ciprofloxacin was initiated for 14 days. Outcomes: Purulent exudate in skin cancers may be caused by the nature of carcinoma tissue as well as the colonization of opportunistic pathogen microorganisms as seen in our patient. Lessons: Examination of the wound cultures and elimination of infections are critical in these cases.
