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Öğe DETERMINATION OF OPTIMUM CONDITIONS FOR CO-DIGESTION OF CATTLE MANURE WITH CHICKEN WASTES AND CHEESE WHEY(Health & Environment Assoc, 2016) Calhan, Rahman; Kaya, Durmus; Coban, VolkanAim of this study determine the optimum conditions for producing biogas by co-digestion of cattle manure, chicken waste and cheese whey. The amount of cattle manure was kept constant and chicken waste and cheese whey was fed at different organic loading rates. The system was operated on batch mode under mesofilic (38 degrees C) conditions. Effect of stirring speed on the biogas yield was evaluated at the same time. Results show that maximum biogas yield was obtained from R6 which contains of % 50 cattle manure, % 25 chicken waste and % 25 cheese whey. Maximum biogas yield was obtained 0,142 liter/liter. day and was observed continuously stirring of the wastes didn't have a positive impact.Öğe The effect of thermal camera and pyrometer usage in industrial tempering furnaces on optimum combustion performance(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2015) Ozkaymak, Mehmet; Selimli, Selcuk; Kaya, Durmus; Yilmaz, Esref; Tabak, Abdulsamed; Aksay, Mehmet VolkanThe decrease of energy sources, the increase of energy need and energy costs, competitive conditions in industry and environmental sensitivity require the effective usage of energy sources. In this study, optimum combustion study by using thermal camera and pyrometer in the correct heat furnace of an industry plant for the effective usage of energy in industry. For this reason, in tempering furnace of a milling roll workshop, in order to control the efficiency of tempering, detect the flame length and color and control the homogeneous tempering, 4 thermal cameras and 4 pyrometers have been assembled to the appropriate locations of the furnace. In the study, the tempering furnace has been observed and the results of observations have been evaluated. The contribution of the changes made to the production has been calculated by the information obtained from thermal camera and pyrometer and has been examined with the date of reimbursement. Possible spare part and production saving has been established as 364,460 $ annually and back-payment time as 3 months. Accident risk that is caused by the hot air and sometimes occurs during the controls has also been reduced so that the workers have been forced to work more safely according to WHS (workers' health and security).Öğe Energy and exergy analysis of an organic Rankine cycle in a biomass-based forest products manufacturing plant(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2016) Eyidogan, Muharrem; Canka Kilic, Fatma; Kaya, Durmus; Ozkaymak, Mehmet; Coban, Volkan; Cagman, SelmanIn this study, energy and exergy analysis of anorganic Rankine cycle (ORC) unit was carried out at a biomass-based forest products manufacturing plant. The ORC unit is used for the production of electricity and heat, by using thermal oil as a heat source in the plant. The actual data were obtained from the ORC unit during the energy production process. Studies were realized for the energy and exergy analysis of the main components of the ORC unit, which are the evaporator, condenser, turbine, and regenerator, at two different working conditions. The effect of condenser pressure on the energy and exergy efficiencies of the system was studied in the context of this study. Under the working conditions of Case-1, the energy and exergy efficiencies were calculated as 12.59% and 33.26%, respectively. As for Case-2, the energy and exergy efficiencies were calculated as 13.22% and 35.5%. The gradation of the exergy destructions of the components from greater to lower can be listed as evaporator,condenser, turbine, regenerator, and pump.Öğe An energy efficiency analysis of an industrial reheating furnace and an implementation of efficiency enhancements methods(Sage Publications Inc, 2014) Kilinc, Enes; Kaya, Durmus; Kilic, Fatma Canka; Eyidogan, Muharrem; Ozkaymak, Mehmet; Taylan, Osman; Pedrycz, WitoldRapid consumption of energy resources, increasing energy needs, the competitive conditions in the industry and environmental concerns, all of those call for efficient use of energy resources. In this context, energy efficiency studies were carried out in a rolling mill of a reheating furnace of an integrated industrial enterprise. In studies, some important efficiency measurements were conducted, mass and energy balances were established by using the results of these measurements and the operating data of the plant along with energy saving opportunities, with the specified amounts and repayment periods were determined. Energy conservation studies that can be realized in the reheating furnace were considered including operation of the reheating furnace with the pertinent excess air coefficient, compensation of the air leakage losses in the recuperator and establishment of the economizer in the furnace. As a result of these investigations some saving opportunities were determined and a new recuperator, economizer and gas analyzer were installed in the reheating furnace leading in total of 2,913,924 kcal/h of energy savings. After the implementation of energy saving measures, reheating furnace efficiency was increased from 61.83% to 69.43%.Öğe ENERGY SAVING AND EMISSION REDUCTION OPPORTUNITIES IN AN INDUSTRIAL ANNEALING FURNACES(Gazi Univ, Fac Engineering Architecture, 2014) Eyidogan, Muharrem; Kaya, Durmus; Dursun, Sukru; Taylan, OsmanIn this study, energy efficiency study has been performed for a LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) fuel annealing furnace. Within this frame, temperature, pressure, velocity, and gas analysis measurements have been made and energy and mass balances have been formed. From the measured data, the furnace total efficiency was calculated as 52.76%. The main efficiency losses: operating furnace at high air excessiveness coefficient, inadequacy of air preheater heater (recuperator) heat transfer surface area and surface thermal losses.Öğe Energy Saving and Emission Reduction Opportunities in Mixed-Fueled Industrial Boilers(Wiley-Blackwell, 2014) Kaya, Durmus; Eyidogan, Muharrem; Kilic, Fatma Canka; Cay, Yusuf; Cagman, Selman; Coban, VolkanIn this article, an energy efficiency study has been performed in an industrial establishment. The boiler of this industrial establishment is a mixed-fueled (solid+gas) type and operated with different fuels as coal, coke gas, and blast furnace gas, the pressure of 7000 kPa (70 bars) and temperature of 778.15 K (505 degrees C) and with a nominal capacity of 27.77 kg/s (100.000 kg/h) steam. In this context, the working temperature, pressure, velocity, and combustion gas measurements have been carried out at the boiler operation conditions. Using with all these measurements, the energy and mass balance equations have been set and the boiler efficiency has been calculated as the value of 85.91%. The main efficiency losses have been determined as: operating the boiler at the high air excessiveness coefficient, the air leakage in the rotary type air heaters and the heat losses of the surface. Total energy savings potential is 2,029,692 kcal/h. When anticipated enhancements can be carried out, the boiler efficiency will be 88.94%. In this case, 4861.7 tons of carbon dioxide emissions per year will be reduced. (c) 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 33: 1350-1356, 2014Öğe Exergoeconomic analysis of a geothermal organic Rankine cycle power plant using the SPECO method(Wiley, 2017) Ergun, Alper; Ozkaymak, Mehmet; Koc, Gonca Aksoy; Ozkan, Salih; Kaya, DurmusIn this study, exergy and exergoeconomic analyses were performed for a geothermal, Rankine cycle (Binary) power plant that generates 7.5 MW of power. The exergy analysis showed that the highest destruction of exergy, that is, about 3200 kW, occurred in the vaporizer. The losses were about 2670, 1700, 1035, 880, 421, 349, 306, and 33 kW in the turbine, recuperator, condenser, separator, organic fluid pump, production pump, preheater, and injection pump, respectively. The exergy efficiency of the system was calculated as 32.3% at the reference temperature of 25 degrees C. The unit cost of the electricity produced in this plant is 7.96 $/Gj according to the exergoeconomic analysis that was made using the specific exergy cost (SPECO) method. It was determined that using low temperature sources is meaning significant. Thus, thermodynamic and thermoeconomic (exergoeconomic) analyses should be conducted in current plants to identify the inefficient equipment that is increasing costs. (c) 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 36: 936-942, 2017Öğe An experimental examination of energy production from domestic-based waste water treatment sludge(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2015) Cagman, Selman; Coban, Volkan; Eyidogan, Muharrem; Kilic, Fatma Canka; Kaya, DurmusIn Turkey, treatment sludge that obtained from domestic wastewater and water treatment plants causes storage and disposal problems. In the current situation, there are 69 domestic wastewater treatment plants in Turkey and this corresponds to approximately 13% of the population. Total 500 thousand tons of treatment sludge is released from these treatment plants, annually. In the case of all municipalities establish a wastewater treatment plant in Turkey, approximately, 4 million tons of treatment sludge is projected to release in a year. Additionally, 3.6 million tons of treatment sludge will be obtained from the manufacturing industry. In other words, approximately 7.6. 106 tons of treatment sludge potential exists in Turkey and in the same amount of the storage area (7.6 <-> 10(6)m(3)) is needed for the storage of this treatment sludge, perennially. In this study, energy production from wastewater treatment sludge through the anaerobic method has been investigated and compared to the aerobic treatment method. Also, advantages and disadvantages of both methods have been introduced. In order to determine biogas production capacity from treatment sludge, some amount of sample sludge has been taken from the final sedimentation tank before belt press in a wastewater treatment plant and it has been experimentally analyzed.Öğe Investigation of Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) technologies in Turkey from the technical and economic point of view(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2016) Eyidogan, Muharrem; Kilic, Fatma Canka; Kaya, Durmus; Coban, Volkan; Cagman, SelmanIn this study, technical and economic analysis of Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) systems in Turkey and their application areas have been examined in detail. Also, the government incentives for renewable energy productions and industrial waste heat recovery opportunities are investigated and presented. ORC technologies have been dealt with individually in geothermal, solar, biomass and industrial waste heat based power generation plants. In this concept, some power plants have been selected for each application and the technical specifications of these examinations have been presented. An application in a biomass based plant, which has 1 MW of installed capacity, has been given as an example. According to the feasibility analysis, the investment payback period of this ORC application has been calculated as 2.7 years and the results have been presented and commented. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe LIFE-CYCLE ANALYSIS AND TECHNOECONOMIC MODELING OF AN ENERGY GENERATION SYSTEM(Health & Environment Assoc, 2020) Kabli, Mohammad; Taylan, Osman; Bakhsh, Ahmad; Calhan, Rahman; Yilmaz, Mustafa Tahsin; Kaya, Durmus; Canka Kilic, FatmaBiomass is considered as a renewable energy source with increasing popularity because of its energy production and greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction potentials. The heat and electricity are produced with burned gasification products, otherwise the products are treated by synthesis of liquid transport fuels. Biomass gasification is a flexible, efficient, and environmentally acceptable process to meet the future energy demand. In this study, a life cycle analysis (LCA) approach is used to determine the environmental performance of an energy generation plant that is using synthesis gases derived from biomasses. Hence, a life cycle analysis of an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) power plant being able to produce 955 kW electrical, 5415 kW thermal power with 15% net electrical efficiency of biomass was carried out. The probability distribution of the daily inventory demand was examined and modeled using historical outcomes of last 200 days, and the results were analyzed. The findings are remarkable to note that the average demand of 1480 kg biomass in the 10-day simulation varies slightly after the daily projected biomass demand of 1402.5 kg calculated. The result of gasification and electrical energy production is waste heat and is used for drying waste biomass in the plant for the heat demands of other units.Öğe Searching the fertility potential of iron and steel industry blast furnace slag(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2016) Ozkaymak, Mehmet; Selimli, Selcuk; Kaya, Durmus; Uzun, UmitPurpose - The purpose of this paper is to study the fertility potential of the iron-and steel-making process waste granulated blast furnace slag to recover it as a beneficial product. Design/methodology/approach - This slag fertilizer was mixed with organic fertilizer to enrich and dung the vegetable sets are pepper, lettuce and cucumbers. Findings - In this study, 100 per cent granulated slag, 75 per cent granulated slag +25 per cent fermented manure, 50 per cent granulated slag +50 per cent fermented manure and 25 per cent granulated slag +75 per cent fermented manure compositions were mixed with water and added to seeding pots. The growth rate of vegetable sets and also the level of contamination of heavy metals such as lead, copper, aluminum, mercury and cadmium were analyzed. The analyses results showed that contamination rates of lead, copper, aluminum, mercury and cadmium in lettuce and cucumber samples were in the range of acceptable levels for human health. Slag fertilizer enforced the set of growth rate and productivity, too. Originality/value - By the recovery of the waste slag storage, transport and annihilation economical load on the industry would be eliminated, waste recovery contributes to the economical gaining and beneficial recovered products replace the need of fertility products.
