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Öğe Apical extrusion of debris when using OneCurve, ProTaper Next and TruNatomy in curved canals(Wroclaw Medical Univ, 2023) Coskun, Ezgi; Kocak, Sibel; Ozdemir, Olcay; Saglam, Baran Can; Kocak, Mustafa MuratBackground. The extrusion of apical debris is related to various factors, and may be affected by varia-tions in technique or instrumentation system. Although the extrusion cannot be completely prevented, it is crucial to minimize the amount of extruded material. Objectives. The present study aimed to compare apical debris extrusion by the novel TruNatomy (TRN), OneCurve (OC) and ProTaper Next (PTN) instruments in curved root canals.Material and methods. A total of 60 multi-rooted human mandibular molar teeth with moderate and severe curvature were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups. The root canals were prepared with the OC, TRN and PTN files. For collecting the debris extruded through the apical foramen, Eppendorf tubes were used. After the vaporizing period, the tubes were re-weighed, and the amount of the extruded debris was calculated by subtracting the initial weight from the final weight. Statistical analysis was performed with the Shapiro-Wilk and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The statistical significance level was set atp < 0.05.Results. The least amount of debris was extruded with TRN and the greatest with PTN, but the difference between the groups was not significant (p = 0.257).Conclusions. All instrumentation systems were associated with debris extrusion. The tested file systems presented similar results in terms of apical debris extrusion in curved canals. The novel TRN system demon-strated promising results, comparable to OC and PTN.Öğe Characterization and in vitro bioactivity analysis of apatite growth on modified calcium borate silicate ceramic(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2023) Saud, A. Najah; Koc, Erkan; Ozdemir, OlcayBioactive glasses are considered biocompatible materials that form a hydroxyapatite-like layer on the surface that allows strong adhesion to soft and hard tissues. This study aims to develop a method to fabricate a borate silicate ceramic biomaterial with a chemical composition of Ca11Si4B2O22 using sodium metaborate (NaBO2) as a flux. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy energy distribution spectrometer (SEM-EDS), and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) were used to analyze the structure, surface composition and chemical bonding of the bioactive borate silicate. In addition, the pH measurements and biodegradability behavior of the fabricated glass structures were investigated after immersion in simulated body fluid for 2, 7, 14, and 21 days, respectively. The results showed that the glass-ceramic structure, which was transferred from the crystalline phase Ca11Si4B2O22 to a hydroxyapatite phase after incubation, started on the second day. In addition, the formed hydroxyapatite crystals developed due to the prolonged immersion time, reflecting biodegradable behavior. The antimicrobial activity of the prepared ceramic showed high inhibitory activity against Enterococcus faecalis and Streptococcus mutans.Öğe Clinicians' perspectives, inducements, preferences, and clinical experiences regarding the use of electronic apex locator and apex locator integrated engine-driven instrumentation: a cross-sectional study(Bmc, 2024) Kasikci, Sena; Ozbek, Sena Kolunsag; Sirinoglu, Ebru; Ozdemir, OlcayBackground This study aimed to investigate the perspectives, preferences, and clinical experiences regarding using electronic apex locator and apex locator integrated instrumentation of dentists and endodontists. Methods A web-based questionnaire consisting of 3 parts and 23 closed-ended questions to achieve the objective of the study was carried out in ethical conditions between August and October 2023. The first part of survey included demographic information, while the second part was about evaluating electronic apex locator usage. In the last part, only participants' use of apex locator-integrated instrumentation was evaluated. Data were analyzed at a significance level of p < 0.05. Results A total of 297 clinicians, including 59 endodontists and 34 endodontic residents/Ph.D. students participated in the questionnaire. Endodontists and endodontic residents/Ph.D. students perform statistically significantly more root canal treatments per week on average (p = 0.001). For the working length determination method (multiple option question), 78.5% of participants use an electronic apex locator and 39.7% apex locator-integrated engines. However, the preference rate for electronic apex determination technique was generally 95.6%, with the full rate confirmation of endodontists and endodontic residents/Ph.D. students (100%). A total of 21 endodontists out of 59 prefer apex locator integrated engine-driven instrumentation. Although many of these specialized clinicians use this technique, they stated that they measure electronic working length passively for confirmation of the working length before (90.5%) and after the preparation (66.7%). Conclusions Dentists, as well as endodontists, are skeptical about apex locator-integrated engine-driven instrumentation. Using this technique as a supporter rather than a primary way for preparation within safe limits may give safer results in terms of treatment outcomes.Öğe Current Bio-based Cements and Radioactive Opacifiers in Endodontic Approaches: A Review of the Materials Used in Clinical Practice(Pera Yayincilik Hizmetleri, 2023) Saud, A. Najah; Koc, Erkan; Ozdemir, OlcayObjective: This study aims to evaluate the importance of endodontic root canal sealers in filling cavities and irregularities in root canals with the primary goal of minimizing or eliminating bacterial residues. Despite this crucial objective, it's noteworthy that several conventional sealers have been linked to adverse effects, such as impaired wound healing, inflammation, and bone resorption. Therefore, there is a constant search for an optimal sealer that can effectively mimic the properties of lost tissue while maintaining an acceptable level of biological, physicochemical and biocompatible properties. The present study analyzes bioceramic cement's properties in endodontics through a comprehensive review of the available literature. Also, to evaluate the beneficial properties and characteristics of the biomaterials highlighted in this work. Methods: The present study used a systematic review approach to conduct a comprehensive literature search to find relevant publications on bioceramic cement properties in the endodontics field. Articles were retrieved using MeSH keywords and digital searches of journal websites. The selected studies were examined to extract data on sealability, bioactivity, pH, cytotoxicity, color change, radiopacity, edge adaptation, adhesive strength, antibacterial properties and biocompatibility. Results: The results of the reviewed research show that bioceramic endodontic cement has favorable properties for the therapeutic treatment of root canals. The literature highlights the material's biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity, bioactivity, radiopacity, appropriate pH value, favorable edge adaptation, high adhesive strength, practical sealability, antibacterial properties and minimal color change. Conclusion: Research results to date indicate that biomaterials used in endodontics have beneficial properties for root canal therapy and mimicking natural tissue regeneration. The beneficial properties of these materials, such as their biocompatibility, bioactivity, radiopacity, pH stability, edge conformability, adhesion strength, sealability and antibacterial properties, make it a promising replacement for traditional sealers. Further studies are needed to investigate the extended clinical effectiveness of the above intervention and to refine its composition to improve the outcomes associated with endodontic therapies.Öğe Cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of root canal sealers: A review on recent studies(Sage Publications Ltd, 2022) Ozdemir, Olcay; Kopac, TurkanMany types of endodontic root canal sealers have been employed for the purpose of filling voids and irregularities in root canals, as well as reducing/removing bacterial remnants/remains. Sealers are available in various formulations, and research work to find the most appropriate ones is still ongoing. Recently, many kinds of novel root canal sealers have been introduced under various commercial names. However, most sealers are known to exhibit different levels of cytotoxicity on tissues which would result in prolonged wound healing, inflammation, and bone resorption. Preferably, sealers need to have tolerable biological and physico-chemical properties along with biocompatibility. Additives promoting the biocompatibility and bioactivity of sealers are of major concern in clinical applications. The aim of this review was to compare, evaluate, and analyze comparatively the cytotoxic effects, biocompatibility, and antimicrobial properties of recently used root canal sealers. A comprehensive literature search was made to identify their properties involving biocompatibility and cytotoxicity. In general, the sealers reported in recent literature exhibited favorable biological features in comparison to conventional ones. They promoted better cell viability and biocompatibility. The incorporation of additives influences favorably the potential negative effects. However, it has been highlighted that there is a lack of well-designed long-term clinical applications, and more in vitro and in vivo research work would be helpful to confirm the sustainability of the sealers for further clinical practice.Öğe Efficacy of various activation techniques on tubule penetration of resin-based and bioceramic root canal sealers: An in vitro confocal microscopy study(Wiley, 2023) Basoglu, Ezgi Coskun; Kocak, Sibel; Ozdemir, Olcay; Kocak, Mustafa Murat; Saglam, Baran CanTo compare the penetration of Ah Plus and MTA Fillapex after irrigation activation with sonic, passive ultrasonic, SWEEPS and XP-Endo Finisher using confocal microscopy. Instrumented root canals of 160 mandibular premolar teeth were allocated randomly to four groups (n = 40/group) and eight subgroups according to the activation techniques and canal sealers (n = 20/subgroup). After the obturation, three sections at 1-2, 5-6 and 9-10 mm levels from the apex were examined. Penetration area and maximum penetration depth values were represented as mean and standard deviation, and results below 0.05 were considered statistically significant. For penetration area and maximum penetration depth, the statistical difference was found in terms of material, device and region (Maximum penetration depth: p = 0.006, p < 0.001, p < 0.001; Penetration area: p = 0.004, p < 0.001, p < 0.001). SWEEPS was found to be relatively higher than other groups. Sealers presented similar results when evaluated independently of the region. The use of SWEEPS for irrigation activation is promising in terms of tubule penetration.Öğe Evaluation of Fracture Strength of Roots to Determine the Duration Limit of Activated Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid Irrigation for Intracanal Calcium Hydroxide Dressing Removal In Vitro(Mdpi, 2024) Ozbek, Sena Kolunsag; Kasikci, Sena; Ozdemir, OlcayThis study evaluated the effect of the use of EDTA solution at various intervals to remove intracanal calcium hydroxide medication on fracture resistance. One hundred and one extracted lower premolar teeth were randomly allocated into one control group (n = 5), two main experimental groups (CH(+), with calcium hydroxide dressing, and CH(-), without calcium hydroxide dressing), with four subgroups (EDTA intervals: 1 min, 3 min, 5 min, 10 min, n = 12). Ready-to-use injectable calcium hydroxide was used for the samples in the four CH(+) subgroups, and the samples were kept in an incubator at 37 degrees C and 100% humidity for seven days. All samples (CH(+), CH(-)) were irrigated with 17% EDTA, which was accompanied by activation with EndoActivator for 1, 3, 5, and 10 min, and then rinsed with 2.5% NaOCl in a standardized manner. The obturation was conducted using the warm obturation technique; experiments were conducted with a universal testing device, and their fracture strength was recorded. Compliance with the normal distribution was examined with +/- 2 skewness coefficients. Two-way ANOVA, Tukey's, one-way ANOVA, and Dunnett's tests were used for statistics (p < 0.050). A statistically significant difference was found between the mean values of the force between the groups (p = 0.009). The mean strength of the tooth at fracture that CH(-) was 401.7, CH(+) was 335.35. There was no statistically significant difference between the mean values of the forces according to time intervals (p = 0.387). While there was no significant difference among the experimental groups (p = 0.229), the mean fracture strength of the negative control group was found to be significantly higher (p < 0.001). The highest fracture resistance was observed in the nonprepared group. Irrigation with EDTA for up to 5 min showed more acceptable fracture resistance results than the other groups. Using calcium hydroxide significantly and negatively affected the root strength.Öğe Evaluation of laser-activated irrigation on evidence-based endodontology: a bibliometric and scientometric analysis of recent articles(Ariesdue Srl, 2022) Ozbay, Yagiz; Ozdemir, OlcayAim: To identify the research articles on laser use in endodontic irrigation in the last 5 years and conduct a bibliographic analysis. Materials & Methods: A literature search was conducted through an online database, Web of Science, by using the Clarivate search engine. The search strategy was as follows in all fields including the database: the main keyword was Endodontics and the secondary were Laser and irrigation. The time frame was limited to the last 5 years until May 2022. The search was restricted to mainly focusing on endodontics concerning laser-activated irrigation, therefore all papers were manually screened for inclusion. Title, first author, institute/country, number of authors, journal name, impact factor, year, citation, keywords, and abstracts were recorded. VOSviewer version 1.6.10 software was used to map the bibliometric network. Results: A total of 30 articles published by indexed journals (Web of Science Index) between 2017-2022 years were included in the study. 17 countries contributed to the research and publications in the field, with/without collaborations. The most prolific country in the field is Turkiye with the highest contribution rates (33,3%). The highest number of publications was published by `Photomedicine and Laser Surgery' with 6 articles. Conclusions: The bibliometric analysis overviewed the current trends, leading journals, and countries in terms of the research focused on laser use in endodontic irrigation. The most-cited research articles related to laser use in endodontic irrigation have covered topics such as bactericidal effect, smear layer removal, pushout bond strength, growth factor release, and apical extrusion of irrigant.Öğe A novel strategy to synthesize bioactive glass based on the eutectic reaction of B2O3-K2O(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2023) Saud, A. Najah; Koc, Erkan; Ozdemir, OlcayMelt-derived route was used to prepare modified bioactive glass-ceramic based on the 45S5 composition with the same network connectivity. Their phase composition, sinterability, and bioactivity were studied. A modified composition was proposed using potassium tetraborate (K2B4O7) to reduce the melting temperature during manufacture. The phase composition and the bioactivity was determined by X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Furthermore, the antibacterial properties were evaluated against Enterococcus faecalis. The result shows that glass-ceramics already had P-O and C-O bond functional groups on day 2. These bonds are responsible for the creation of the HCA layer. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) pictures and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) investigations showed that, after being immersed in SBF solution, a layer of hydroxyapatite (HA) formed on both BG surfaces on day 2 and that by day 21, HCA cluster crystals had developed. Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy metrics of ionic release from the prepared glass-ceramic, mainly calcium and phosphorus ions in SBF solution, revealed that HCA formation occurred on both BG surfaces, which correlated to the increasing pH within 2 days of incubation; furthermore, it exhibited good antibacterial behavior against the Enterococcus faecalis.Öğe A Novel Technique for Identification of Wear Values at Different Lengths after Multiple Clinical Use of Different File Systems(Mdpi, 2022) Cirakoglu, Neslihan Yilmaz; Cicek, Ersan; Ozarpa, Cevat; Ozbay, Yagiz; Ozdemir, OlcayIntroduction The purpose of this research is to assess the wearing of the rotary file system (Protaper Next) and reciprocating file systems (Reciproc Blue and WaveOne Gold) at different lengths using a novel technique after in vivo clinical use. Materials and Methods Twelve different unused samples from each brand were accepted as reference values. For three different brands, the diameters of the files were measured by taking 12 samples used once, 12 samples used twice, and 12 samples used three times. Images were taken with a USB Micron Microscope, and file diameters were measured by determining limit values with Autocad. Result Reciproc Blue system was the most worn at apical 1 mm, and WaveOne Gold system was the most worn at apical 3 mm. PTN system exhibited the least wearing at any length. Moreover, less wearing was observed in the rotation motion than in the reciprocating motion. Conclusion In clinical practice, for the guttapercha to be fully adapted to the apical construction prepared according to the determined WL, the file should not undergo any wearing and volume reduction. Wearing-especially in the apical parts of the file-causes less preparation, and this situation could lead to apically obturation failure.Öğe Readability and Quality Assessment of Web-Based Information Concerning Post-Endodontic Treatment Selection(Pera Yayincilik Hizmetleri, 2023) Erdinc, Gulbahar; Ozdemir, OlcayObjectives: This study aimed to unbiasedly identify the quality and readability of the written information about post- endodontic coronal restorations on Turkish websites using accepted formulas and scales by the literature. Methods: The study was carried out by setting national pages and national locations in the Google search engine. The terms root canal treatment and veneer and root canal treatment and filling were used as keywords. The webpages were assessed independently by two readability formulas (Flesh-Kincaid and Atesman systems) and DISCERN quality kit. The independent statistical and correlation analysis were performed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Shapiro-Wilk, Spearman's rho, and Dunn's tests. The significance level was taken as p<0.05. Results: The initial search identified 60 websites, of which eight were excluded due to noncompliance with the study criteria (n=52). According to the DISCERN score, the web pages were categorized as fair with the highest rate of 57.69%. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between Atesman Readability Index and the Flesh-Kincaid Reading Ease score (r=0.998; p<0.001). There was no statistically significant correlation between Atesman Readability Index and DISCERN score (p=0.259). Atesman reading ease scores of the web pages are evaluated, 80.76% of these are classified as moderately difficult. Conclusions: The readability distribution of the written information about post-endodontic coronal restorations on websites was acceptable to the majority. However, being readable does not indicate that it provides sufficient target technical information. In this context, it can be suggested to use readability and quality scales while preparing websites for dental patient education concerning post-endodontic coronal restorations.
