ENDÜSTRİYEL ATIKLARDAN SÜNGER DEMİR ÜRETİLMESİ
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2023-07
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmada, bakır ve gübre üretimi yapan endüstriyel tesislerin atığı olarak depolanan çamur hammaddelerden doğrudan indirgenme metodu ile sünger demir üretilebilirliği araştırılmıştır. Bu kapsamda hammadde olarak bakır izabe tesisinden çıkan fayalit yapılı %44,8 metalik demir tenörlü flotasyon atığı ile gübre üretim prosesinden çıkan hematit yapılı %71,23 metalik demir tenörlü liç çamuru kullanılmıştır. Çalışmalarda kullanılan hammaddeler kireçtaşı ve kok tozu ile harmanlanarak kompozit peletler üretilmiştir. İlk olarak üretilen örneklerin peletlenme kabiliyeti serbest düşme testi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. 45 cm mesafeden granit bir zemine bırakılan yaş peletlerin düşme sayıları 8-12 arasında değişmektedir. Doğrudan indirgenme denemeleri kok gaz fırınında gerçekleştirilmiş ve metalizasyon dereceleri ölçülerek sünger demir oluşturma kabiliyetleri belirlenmiştir. 1100,1200 ve 1300 °C olmak üzere 3 farklı sıcaklıkta gerçekleştirilen redüklenme çalışmalarından elde edilen sonuçlar sıcaklık artışı ile redüklenme derecesinin doğru orantılı olarak arttığı yönündedir. Hematit yapılı kompozit peletlerde 1100 °C de % 89 metalizasyon derecesine ulaşılırken fayalit yapılı kompozit peletlerde metalizasyon derecesi %80 olarak kaydedilmiştir. 1300 °C de ise fayalit yapının parçalanabilmesi ile % 87 metalizasyon derecesi elde edilmiştir. Hematit yapılı kompozit peletlerde ise daha küçük oranlarda artış kaydedilmiş ve % 92 metalizasyon derecesine ulaşılmıştır.
In this study, the production of sponge iron by direct reduction method from sludge raw materials stored as the waste of industrial facilities producing copper and fertilizer was investigated. In this study, 44.8% metallic iron grade flotation waste with fayalite structure from the copper smelting plant and 71.23% metallic iron grade leaching sludge with hematite structure from the fertilizer production process were used as raw materials. Composite pellets were produced by blending the raw materials used in the studies with limestone and coke dust. First, the pelleting ability of the produced samples was investigated using the drop test. The drop number of wet pellets dropped on a granite floor from a distance of 45 cm varies between 8-12. Direct reduction studies were carried out in a gas furnace and rotary kiln and their ability to form sponge iron was determined by measuring their metallization degree. The results obtained from the reduction studies carried out at 3 different temperatures, 1100, 1200 and 1300°C, indicate that the degree of reduction increases in direct proportion with the increase in temperature. 89% metallization degree was reached at 1100°C in hematite composite pellets, metallization degree was recorded as 80% in fayalite composite pellets. At 1300°C, 87% metallization degree was obtained with the breakup of the fayalite structure. On the other hand, hematite composite pellets increased at smaller rates and reached a metallization degree of 92%."
In this study, the production of sponge iron by direct reduction method from sludge raw materials stored as the waste of industrial facilities producing copper and fertilizer was investigated. In this study, 44.8% metallic iron grade flotation waste with fayalite structure from the copper smelting plant and 71.23% metallic iron grade leaching sludge with hematite structure from the fertilizer production process were used as raw materials. Composite pellets were produced by blending the raw materials used in the studies with limestone and coke dust. First, the pelleting ability of the produced samples was investigated using the drop test. The drop number of wet pellets dropped on a granite floor from a distance of 45 cm varies between 8-12. Direct reduction studies were carried out in a gas furnace and rotary kiln and their ability to form sponge iron was determined by measuring their metallization degree. The results obtained from the reduction studies carried out at 3 different temperatures, 1100, 1200 and 1300°C, indicate that the degree of reduction increases in direct proportion with the increase in temperature. 89% metallization degree was reached at 1100°C in hematite composite pellets, metallization degree was recorded as 80% in fayalite composite pellets. At 1300°C, 87% metallization degree was obtained with the breakup of the fayalite structure. On the other hand, hematite composite pellets increased at smaller rates and reached a metallization degree of 92%."
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Sünger demir, Doğrudan indirgenme, Demir çelik, Atık geri kazanımı., Sponge iron, Direct reduction, Iron and steel, Waste recover
