Kur'an-ı Kerim'de Tahfif (Hafifletme) ve Ruhsat Ayetlerinin Tefsiri ve İbadetlere Etkisi: Objektif Bir Çalışma
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2023-07-07
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu araştırmanın amacı? Kur'an-ı Kerim'de yer alan hafifletme (tahfif) ve ruhsatlarla ilgili ahkam ayetleri üzerine müfessirlerin görüşlerini açıklayarak? ibadet? muamelat ve hatta cihat konusunda İslam'ın kolaylık ve esnekliğini öne çıkaran hükümlerle ilgili çıkarım yapmaktır. Öte yandan araştırma? hafifletme konusunu ifrat ve tefrite kaçmadan doğru konumuna getirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. İşte burada? bir yanda hafifletme ve ruhsat konusu ile diğer yanda ihmal ve çizilmiş sınırları koruyamama konusunun karıştırılmasıyla ifade edilebilecek çalışmanın problematiğine bir çözüm getirilmektedir. Zira bu çalışmada bu konuyu netleştirmek zaruri bir durum haline gelmişti. Araştırma tahfif ve ruhsatın ne demek olduğunu? ruhsatla amel etmenin şartlarını ve Kur'an'da ibadetlerde veya Müslümanların birbirleriyle ya da gayri müslimlerle ilişkilerinde var olan muamelatta tahfif ve ruhsata işaret eden ayetleri açıklamaktadır. Ayrıca cihatta ruhsatın hükümlerini açıklığa kavuşturmuş ve tahfif ilgili tüm ayetlerin etkisini ve meydana getireceği sonuçları beyan etmiştir. Bunu gerçekleştirebilmek için yazar öncelikle? ruhsat ayetlerini ve müfessirlerin sözlerini elde edebilmek için betimleyici ve tümevarımcı metotları? ardından da toplanan ayetlerin ayrıntılı analizini ve tasnifini yapabilmek adına betimleyici analitik yaklaşımı izlemiştir. Bunda da Kur'an'daki ruhsat ve hafifletme ayetleri hakkında kapsamlı ve açıklayıcı bir araştırma ihtiyacını doğuran araştırma eksikliğini kapatma hedefi güdülmüştür. Çünkü araştırmacının incelediği daha önceki çalışmalar konuyu tek bir araştırmada bütünüyle ele almamış? fakat konunun bazı parçaları çeşitli araştırmalarda yer almıştır. Çalışma bazı sonuçlara ulaşarak tamamlanmıştır. Bunlardan bazıları: Cenab-ı Allah’a farklı durum ve şartlarda kulluğun devamı. Zira tahfif bu devamlılığın var olmasını sağlayan etkenlerdendir. Mükelleflerin durumlarını dikkate alarak hafifletme ve kolaylaştırma şekillerini meşru hale getirilip ümmetin üstündeki darlığı gidermek. İlgili ayetlerde hükmün sakıt olması? hafifletilmesi veya tebdil edilmesi gibi tahfif ve ruhsatla ilgili biçimlerin çeşitliliği. Aynı şekilde? insanlar arasındaki ticari işlerde (muamelat) ve bir arada yaşamanın getirdiği durumlarda şeri hafifletmelere ve ister Müslümanların kendi aralarında? isterse de Müslümanlar ve gayri müslimler arasında olsun muamelat ile ilgili bazı durumlarda imtiyazlara verilen önem. Araştırma ayrıca meşru ruhsatların yine sadece ruhsat vesilesiyle meydana gelen kendine has hükümleri olduğu sonucuna da varmıştır. Zira ruhsat sadece gerektiğinde alınmasına izin verilen bir durum değil? bilakis onun vesilesi ile belli gayelere ulaşılan bir teşri durumudur. ?
The purpose of this research is to clarify the statements of the interpreters regarding the verses of easing and permissibility rulings in the Holy Quran? to derive those rulings that highlight the ease and flexibility of Islam in worship and transactions? and even in jihad? and on the other hand? the research aims to place the issue of moderation in its proper position without excess or negligence. This provides a solution to the problem of confusion in the study? which is represented by the mixing of the issue of moderation and permissions on one hand? and negligence and loss of boundaries on the other hand? it was necessary to address this issue in this study. This research clarified the meaning of relaxation and permissibility? as well as the conditions for working with permissibility. It also identified the Quranic verses that discuss relaxation and permissibility? whether in worship or in transactions among Muslims or with others. It explained the rulings of permissibility in jihad and the impact of the verses related to relaxation. The researcher followed both the descriptive-inductive approach to trace the verses of permissibility and the interpretations of the commentators? and then the descriptive-analytical approach to provide the details and analysis of the collected verses and their classification. And in that there is a dam for the research gap that was represented in the need for comprehensive interpretive research of the verses of permissibility and relaxations in the Qur’an because the previous studies that the researcher reviewed did not address the topic fully in one research? as a partial inclusion of it was done in different research. The research has reached a few conclusions? including: the continuity of slavery to Allah in various circumstances and situations? as relaxation is one of the reasons for continuity. And among them is relieving the burden on the ummah by considering the conditions of the accountable and legislating types of relaxations and facilitations. And among them is the diversity of forms of alleviations and permissions in the verses of the provisions of alleviation? including abandonment? alleviation? substitution? and others. Likewise? the attention to Shariah-based alleviations in the provisions of transactions and coexistence among people? and the licensing of certain matters in transactions? whether between Muslims themselves or Muslims and others. The research also concluded that legitimate permissions have rules that can only be obtained through a license. The license is not just a permissible project to be taken? when necessary? but rather a legislation with purposes to be achieved."
The purpose of this research is to clarify the statements of the interpreters regarding the verses of easing and permissibility rulings in the Holy Quran? to derive those rulings that highlight the ease and flexibility of Islam in worship and transactions? and even in jihad? and on the other hand? the research aims to place the issue of moderation in its proper position without excess or negligence. This provides a solution to the problem of confusion in the study? which is represented by the mixing of the issue of moderation and permissions on one hand? and negligence and loss of boundaries on the other hand? it was necessary to address this issue in this study. This research clarified the meaning of relaxation and permissibility? as well as the conditions for working with permissibility. It also identified the Quranic verses that discuss relaxation and permissibility? whether in worship or in transactions among Muslims or with others. It explained the rulings of permissibility in jihad and the impact of the verses related to relaxation. The researcher followed both the descriptive-inductive approach to trace the verses of permissibility and the interpretations of the commentators? and then the descriptive-analytical approach to provide the details and analysis of the collected verses and their classification. And in that there is a dam for the research gap that was represented in the need for comprehensive interpretive research of the verses of permissibility and relaxations in the Qur’an because the previous studies that the researcher reviewed did not address the topic fully in one research? as a partial inclusion of it was done in different research. The research has reached a few conclusions? including: the continuity of slavery to Allah in various circumstances and situations? as relaxation is one of the reasons for continuity. And among them is relieving the burden on the ummah by considering the conditions of the accountable and legislating types of relaxations and facilitations. And among them is the diversity of forms of alleviations and permissions in the verses of the provisions of alleviation? including abandonment? alleviation? substitution? and others. Likewise? the attention to Shariah-based alleviations in the provisions of transactions and coexistence among people? and the licensing of certain matters in transactions? whether between Muslims themselves or Muslims and others. The research also concluded that legitimate permissions have rules that can only be obtained through a license. The license is not just a permissible project to be taken? when necessary? but rather a legislation with purposes to be achieved."
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Tefsir, Ahkam ayetleri, Tahfif, Ruhsatlar, Tahfif ve ruhsat ayetlerinin etkisi., Interpretation, Verses of Provisions, Alleviation, Permissions, Impact of Alleviation and Permissions verses
