Balkan Savaşlarında Büyük Güçler Ve Osmanlı Devleti
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2018-07-18
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Balkan devletleri hedeflerinin birbirleriyle çelişmesi nedeniyle Balkan Savaşlarına kadar Osmanlı Devleti’ne karşı ittifak yapamamışlardır. Ancak II. Meşrutiyet Hükümetinin Kiliseler Sorunu’nu çözmesi, Osmanlı Devleti’nin Trablusgarp Savaşı’yla meşgul olması, büyük devletlerin ve Rusya’nın teşvik ve destekleri doğrultusunda aralarında ittifak yaparak 3 Ekim 1912 tarihinde Osmanlı Devleti’ne savaş açmışlardır. Osmanlı Devleti, hazırlıksız bir şekilde yakalandığı Balkan ittifakına karşı seferberlik ve savaş ilan etmiştir. Dönemin hatıratlarından anlaşıldığı üzere Osmanlı Devleti; bu dönemde, Trablusgarp Savaşı’nın yanı sıra iç sorunlar, Yemen ayaklanmaları, hükümet değişikliklerinin yarattığı problemler ve subaylar arasında siyasetin etkili olması gibi bir dizi sorunlarla boğuşmaktadır. Avrupa Devletleri başlangıçta, savaşın Osmanlı Devleti’nin yenilgisiyle sonuçlanacağını tahmin etmediklerinden savaşın sonunda statükonun değişmeyeceğini açıklamışlardır. Ancak savaş sonucunda Balkan devletlerinin galip çıkması üzerine bu söylemlerinde değişikliğe giderek elde edilen toprakların Balkan ülkelerinde kalmasını desteklemişlerdir. Osmanlı Devleti, Balkan Devletlerinin I.Balkan Savaşı sonucunda elde edilen toprakların paylaşılması konusunda birbirine düşmesi üzerine Haziran 1913’te çıkan II.Balkan Savaşı sonucunda Edirne’yi geri alabilmiştir. Balkan Savaşları, Osmanlı Devleti’nin güçsüzlüğünü açık bir şekilde ortaya koymuştur. Osmanlı Devleti savaş sonrasında ordu ve donanmasını yenilemek amacıyla faaliyete geçmiştir. Büyük Güçler arasında yaşanan bloklaşma Balkan Savaşları sonrasında çıkacak olan I. Dünya Savaşı’na zemin hazırlamıştır. Rusya’nın yürütmüş olduğu Panslavizm politikası ve Avusturya-Macaristan’ın Pangermenizm politikası başarısız olurken aynı zamanda I. Dünya Savaşı sonucunda bu devletlerin parçalanmasına sebep olmuştur.
They could not make an alliance against the Ottoman State until the Balkan Wars because of the contradictions of the goals of the Balkan States. They declared war on Ottoman Empire on October 3, 1912, when the Constitutional government solved the problem of Churches that the Ottoman Empire was engaged in the Battle of Tripoli, and allied thems elves in the direction of the incentives and support of the Great Powers and Russia. The Ottoman State declared war and mobilization against the Balkan wars, which were captured in an unprepared way. The military, political and civil memories of the Ottoman Empire, as understood in someway, is in this period. In addition to the Battle of Tripoli, internal problems a real so confused by Yemeni uprisings, problems created by government changes, and separatist ideas that a rise from politics being effective among officers. The European States initially stated that the status quo would not change at the end of the war, as they did not anticipate that the war would result in the defeat of the Ottoman State. However, as a result of the war, the Balkan states have supported the survival of the land in the Balkan countries, which has been in creasingly changed in these rhetoric. The Ottoman State was able to get Edirne back as a result of the Second Balkan War in September 1913 when the Balkan States fell on each other to share the land obtained as a result of the First Balkan War. The Balkan Wars clearly demonstrated the powerlessness of the Ottoman State. In the after math of the war, the Arm yandits fleet were over taken by activities. The block, between the Great Powers laid the ground work for the First World War, which will take place after the Balkan Wars. The Panslavismpolicy, which Russia carried out, led to the disintegration of these states at the same time as the result of the First World War, while the Austrian-Hungarian policy of Pangermenism failed. KeyWords:OttomanEmpire, Macedonian problem, Balkan Wars, Great Power, Balkan State"
They could not make an alliance against the Ottoman State until the Balkan Wars because of the contradictions of the goals of the Balkan States. They declared war on Ottoman Empire on October 3, 1912, when the Constitutional government solved the problem of Churches that the Ottoman Empire was engaged in the Battle of Tripoli, and allied thems elves in the direction of the incentives and support of the Great Powers and Russia. The Ottoman State declared war and mobilization against the Balkan wars, which were captured in an unprepared way. The military, political and civil memories of the Ottoman Empire, as understood in someway, is in this period. In addition to the Battle of Tripoli, internal problems a real so confused by Yemeni uprisings, problems created by government changes, and separatist ideas that a rise from politics being effective among officers. The European States initially stated that the status quo would not change at the end of the war, as they did not anticipate that the war would result in the defeat of the Ottoman State. However, as a result of the war, the Balkan states have supported the survival of the land in the Balkan countries, which has been in creasingly changed in these rhetoric. The Ottoman State was able to get Edirne back as a result of the Second Balkan War in September 1913 when the Balkan States fell on each other to share the land obtained as a result of the First Balkan War. The Balkan Wars clearly demonstrated the powerlessness of the Ottoman State. In the after math of the war, the Arm yandits fleet were over taken by activities. The block, between the Great Powers laid the ground work for the First World War, which will take place after the Balkan Wars. The Panslavismpolicy, which Russia carried out, led to the disintegration of these states at the same time as the result of the First World War, while the Austrian-Hungarian policy of Pangermenism failed. KeyWords:OttomanEmpire, Macedonian problem, Balkan Wars, Great Power, Balkan State"
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Osmanlı Devleti, Makedonya Sorunu, Balkan Savaşları, Büyük Güçler, Balkan Devletleri, OttomanEmpire, Balkan Wars, Macedonian Problem, Great Powers, Balkan States
