Kur’an’ın Vasıfları Bağlamında Şifa Kavramı
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2022-06
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
En yalın anlamıyla “madden-manen iyi duruma dönmek” manasına gelen şifa, Kur’an’da Allah’a, arının salgıladığı sıvıya ve Kur’an’a nispetle toplamda altı kez zikredilmiştir. Allah’a ve bala nispet edilen şifa lafzında bu yalın anlam korunurken Kur’an’a nispetle zikredilen şifa vasfına “manen iyi duruma dönmek” anlamı verilmek suretiyle anlamı daraltılmıştır. Oysaki Kur’an’ın birtakım emir, nehiy ve taysiyelerinin müminleri bireysel ve toplumsal açıdan madden-manen sağlıklı tutmaya odaklı olarak zikredildikleri anlaşılmaktadır. Her ne kadar ibtidâî seviyede olsa da günümüz tıbbı ve teknolojisiyle bu hususun ortaya konulmasına yönelik bazı çalışmalar yürütülmüştür. Yine sahih rivayetlerde Kur’an’ın bazı sûre veya âyetlerinin okunmasıyla cilt lekeleri (nemle), mantar enfeksiyonu (süf’a), yılan ve akrep zehrinin sebep olduğu acı ve sızı (hume) ile nazardan ve sihirden kaynaklı olan bazı maddî-manevî hastalıklardan şifa bulunduğu aktarılmaktadır. Dolayısıyla Kur’an’ın hem maddî hem de manevî hastalıklara şifa olma potansiyeline sahip olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Bununla birlikte bazı sebeplerden ötürü Kur’ân’ın şifa olması meselesi tam olarak kavranamamıştır. Şifanın metafizik bir olgu olması bu sebeplerin başında gelmektedir. Yine Kur’an kavramı olarak ele alınmamış olması, Kur’an’ın diğer bazı vasıflarıyla memzûc anlam verilmesi, dua ve rukye anlamına indirgenmesi, şifa vasfının zikredildiği âyetlerdeki bazı lafızların şifanın anlamını daraltan etmenler olarak algılanması gibi meseleler Kur’an’ın şifa olmasının ifade ettiği anlamı gölgeleyen sebeplerden bazılarıdır. Kur’ân-ı Kerîm, mahlûkâtı yaratan ve onların özellikle de insanın fıtratını bilen Allah’ın kelamı olması hasebiyle insanın hem dünya hem de ahirette sıhhat, selâmet, mutluluk ve huzurunu temin etmek maksadıyla inzâl edilmiştir. Onun indirilme gayesi olarak tanımlanan bu durum, çalışmada zikredilen Kur’an’ın yetmiş vasfında olduğu gibi bunlar arasında bulunan şifada da mevcuttur. Kur’an, bizzat kendisi bu yetmiş kadar müfred formdaki vasfıyla kendini tanıtmaktadır. Ayrıca şifa da olduğu gibi bu vasıfların bir kısmı birbirleriyle de irtibat halindedir. Bu irtibat ortaya çıkarıldığında Kur’an doğru tanımlanmış ve inzâl gayesi ortaya konulmuş olur. Kur’an’da şifa müşâhede edilebilen maddi bir olgu olarak sunulmuştur. Ancak tefsirler başta olmak üzere Kur’an’la ilgili eserlerde Kur’an’a nispet edilen şifa, genellikle manevî anlam ihtiva eden bir terim olarak takdim edilmiştir. Hatta duadan ibaret olan bir kavram olarak algılanmıştır. Dolayısıyla şifa, Kur’an’ın bazı manevî hastalıkları tedavi etmek veya psikolojik olarak mümini rahatlatmak maksadını taşıyan bir vasfı olarak ifade edilmiştir. Çalışmada bu hatalı tutum incelenmiş ve şifa vasfının mantıksal arka planı da tahlil edilerek ifade ettiği anlamın alanı ortaya konulmuştur. Çalışmada Kur’an’ı tanımlayan vasıflardan biri olan şifa kavramı incelenmiştir. İki bölüm halinde hazırlanmış olan çalışmanın birinci bölümünde, şifa vasfı gibi Kur’an’ın doğru tanımlanmasına ve gayesinin doğru analiz edilebilmesine vesile olan diğer kavramlar ve bu vasıflar arasındaki irtibat tahlil edilmiştir. Bu bölümde Kur’an’ın özellikleri ortaya konulduktan sonra ikinci bölümde anlam alanı yönünden eksik ve biraz da kusurlu anlaşıldığı çeşitli argümanlarla ortaya konulan şifa kavramı Kur’an’a nispeti yönüyle ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca bu bölümde, kavramın irtibatlı olduğu Kur’an’ın diğer özellikleri ile şifa kavramına Kur’an’la irtibatlı olarak yüklenen anlam ve bu anlamın alanı da tespit edilmiştir. ?
Healing, which literally means ""to return to a materially and spiritually good state"", is mentioned six times in total in the Qur'an in relation to Allah, the liquid secreted by the bee, and the Qur'an. While this simple meaning is preserved in the word healing attributed to Allah and honey, its meaning has been narrowed down by giving the meaning of ""returning to a good state of mind"" to the quality of healing mentioned in relation to the Qur'an. However, it is understood that some orders, prohibitions and recommendations of the Qur'an are mentioned with a focus on keeping the believers individually and socially healthy both materially and spiritually. Although it is at a primitive level, some studies have been carried out to reveal this issue with today's medicine and technology. Again, in authentic narrations, some surahs or verses of the Qur'an are recited, skin spots (with moisture), fungal infection (suf'a), pain and ache (hume) caused by snake and scorpion venom, and some material-spiritual diseases caused by the evil eye and magic. Healing is reported. Therefore, it is understood that the Qur'an has the potential to heal both material and spiritual diseases. However, for some reasons, the issue of the Qur'an's healing has not been fully understood. The fact that healing is a metaphysical phenomenon is one of these reasons. Again, issues such as the fact that the Qur'an is not considered as a concept, the Qur'an is given a mamzûc meaning with some of its other characteristics, it is reduced to the meaning of prayer and ruqya, some words in the verses in which the quality of healing is mentioned are perceived as factors that narrow the meaning of healing, etc. are some of the reasons that obscure its meaning. Since the Qur'an is the word of Allah, who created the creatures and knows their nature, especially the human nature, it was revealed in order to ensure the health, safety, happiness and peace of man both in this world and in the hereafter. This situation, which is defined as the purpose of its revelation, is present in the healing among them as well as in the seventy attributes of the Qur'an mentioned in the study. The Qur'an itself introduces itself in these seventy curriculum forms. In addition, as in healing, some of these qualities are also in contact with each other. When this connection is revealed, the Qur'an is defined correctly and the purpose of its revelation is revealed. In the Qur'an, healing is presented as a material phenomenon that can be observed. However, in the works related to the Qur'an, especially in the tafsir, the healing attributed to the Qur'an is generally presented as a term with a spiritual meaning. It was even perceived as a concept consisting of prayer. Therefore, healing is expressed as a quality of the Qur'an that aims to cure some spiritual diseases or to relieve the believer psychologically. In the study, this erroneous attitude was examined and the logical background of the healing attribute was analyzed and the field of meaning it expressed was revealed. In the study, the concept of healing, which is one of the characteristics that define the Qur'an, has been examined. In the first part of the study, which was prepared in two parts, other concepts such as the quality of healing, which are instrumental in the correct definition of the Qur'an and the correct analysis of its purpose, and the connection between these qualities are analyzed. In this section, after the features of the Qur'an are revealed, the concept of healing, which has been put forward with various arguments in which it is understood incompletely and somewhat imperfectly in terms of meaning, is discussed in relation to the Qur'an. In addition, in this section, the other features of the Qur'an with which the concept is related, the meaning attributed to the concept of healing in connection with the Qur'an and the area of this meaning have also been determined."
Healing, which literally means ""to return to a materially and spiritually good state"", is mentioned six times in total in the Qur'an in relation to Allah, the liquid secreted by the bee, and the Qur'an. While this simple meaning is preserved in the word healing attributed to Allah and honey, its meaning has been narrowed down by giving the meaning of ""returning to a good state of mind"" to the quality of healing mentioned in relation to the Qur'an. However, it is understood that some orders, prohibitions and recommendations of the Qur'an are mentioned with a focus on keeping the believers individually and socially healthy both materially and spiritually. Although it is at a primitive level, some studies have been carried out to reveal this issue with today's medicine and technology. Again, in authentic narrations, some surahs or verses of the Qur'an are recited, skin spots (with moisture), fungal infection (suf'a), pain and ache (hume) caused by snake and scorpion venom, and some material-spiritual diseases caused by the evil eye and magic. Healing is reported. Therefore, it is understood that the Qur'an has the potential to heal both material and spiritual diseases. However, for some reasons, the issue of the Qur'an's healing has not been fully understood. The fact that healing is a metaphysical phenomenon is one of these reasons. Again, issues such as the fact that the Qur'an is not considered as a concept, the Qur'an is given a mamzûc meaning with some of its other characteristics, it is reduced to the meaning of prayer and ruqya, some words in the verses in which the quality of healing is mentioned are perceived as factors that narrow the meaning of healing, etc. are some of the reasons that obscure its meaning. Since the Qur'an is the word of Allah, who created the creatures and knows their nature, especially the human nature, it was revealed in order to ensure the health, safety, happiness and peace of man both in this world and in the hereafter. This situation, which is defined as the purpose of its revelation, is present in the healing among them as well as in the seventy attributes of the Qur'an mentioned in the study. The Qur'an itself introduces itself in these seventy curriculum forms. In addition, as in healing, some of these qualities are also in contact with each other. When this connection is revealed, the Qur'an is defined correctly and the purpose of its revelation is revealed. In the Qur'an, healing is presented as a material phenomenon that can be observed. However, in the works related to the Qur'an, especially in the tafsir, the healing attributed to the Qur'an is generally presented as a term with a spiritual meaning. It was even perceived as a concept consisting of prayer. Therefore, healing is expressed as a quality of the Qur'an that aims to cure some spiritual diseases or to relieve the believer psychologically. In the study, this erroneous attitude was examined and the logical background of the healing attribute was analyzed and the field of meaning it expressed was revealed. In the study, the concept of healing, which is one of the characteristics that define the Qur'an, has been examined. In the first part of the study, which was prepared in two parts, other concepts such as the quality of healing, which are instrumental in the correct definition of the Qur'an and the correct analysis of its purpose, and the connection between these qualities are analyzed. In this section, after the features of the Qur'an are revealed, the concept of healing, which has been put forward with various arguments in which it is understood incompletely and somewhat imperfectly in terms of meaning, is discussed in relation to the Qur'an. In addition, in this section, the other features of the Qur'an with which the concept is related, the meaning attributed to the concept of healing in connection with the Qur'an and the area of this meaning have also been determined."
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kur’an, Tefsir, Âyet, İsim, Vasıf, Şifa, Anlam., Qur'an, Tafsir, Verse, Name, Qualification, Healing, Meaning.