Strength and post-freeze-thaw behavior of a marl soil modified by lignosulfonate and polypropylene fiber: An environmentally friendly approach

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dc.authoridShamsi, Mohammad/0000-0002-8401-6549
dc.authoridNazari, Zeynab/0000-0003-3599-1281
dc.authoridSalimi, Mahdi/0000-0003-0859-7326
dc.contributor.authorVakili, Amir Hossein
dc.contributor.authorSalimi, Mahdi
dc.contributor.authorLu, Yang
dc.contributor.authorShamsi, Mohammad
dc.contributor.authorNazari, Zeynab
dc.date.accessioned2024-09-29T15:55:15Z
dc.date.available2024-09-29T15:55:15Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.departmentKarabük Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractLignosulfonate is one of the by-products in the paper and pulp industry that is widely produced around the world and its improper disposal or storage can pose irreparable risks to human health and the environment. Sustainable reuse of this industrial waste as a stabilizing agent not only provides a novel approach in the construction industry, but also prevents the loss of natural resources. In this study, an environmentally friendly strategy involving lignosulfonate as a binder along with the polypropylene (PP) fiber as a reinforcing material was adopted to enhance the characteristics of marl soils from detrimental impacts of freeze-thaw (F-T) cycles. To this end, the pure marl specimens were improved by various contents of lignosulfonate and polypropylene fiber solely and simultaneously and cured for different time intervals. The variables assessed in this study were lignosulfonate content, polypropylene fiber content, curing period as well as the number of F-T cycles. The results showed that the greatest improvement was observed in the samples containing 1.5% lignosulfonate and 0.6% PP fibers, showing the least amplitude of fluctuations in MR reduction upon the F-T cycles. Moreover, freeze-thaw weathering transformed the stress-strain pattern of the samples from strain-softening to hardening behavior as well as increased the ductility behavior. It was observed that the simultaneous application of lignosulfonate and PP fibers led to the complete bonding of soil particles and the formation of interlocking zones around the fiber strands, leading to stronger particle bonding. The results of the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) test also verified the formation of ionic bonds owing to the inclusion of lignosulfonate in the marl soil and the presence of lignosulfonate in the distance between the mineral layers of the soil. Overall, the reuse of lignosulfonate as a nontraditional alternative to marl soil modification can play an effective role in enhancing the durability and mechanical characteristics as well as sustainable development.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.127364
dc.identifier.issn0950-0618
dc.identifier.issn1879-0526
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85127518263en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.127364
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14619/4540
dc.identifier.volume332en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000792897100005en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherElsevier Sci Ltden_US
dc.relation.ispartofConstruction and Building Materialsen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectMarlen_US
dc.subjectLignosulfonateen_US
dc.subjectPolypropylene fiberen_US
dc.subjectFreeze-thaw cyclesen_US
dc.subjectStrengthen_US
dc.subjectMarlen_US
dc.subjectLignosulfonateen_US
dc.subjectPolypropylene fiberen_US
dc.subjectFreeze-thaw cyclesen_US
dc.subjectStrengthen_US
dc.titleStrength and post-freeze-thaw behavior of a marl soil modified by lignosulfonate and polypropylene fiber: An environmentally friendly approachen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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