Use of a Lewis acid, a Bronsted acid, and their binary mixtures for the hydrothermal liquefaction of lignocellulose
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2021
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Elsevier Sci Ltd
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
The main objective of the present study is to investigate the effect of a Lewis acid, Bronsted acid, and their combined use on the hydrothermal liquefaction of lignocellulosic biomass. Hydrothermal liquefaction of teak wood was conducted at 250, 300 and 350 degrees C for 15, 30 and 60 min. Hydrothermal liquefaction of teak wood was carried out at 300 degrees C for 30 min (the best optimum conditions) without and with the use of Mg(ClO4)(2), HClO4, and HClO4/Mg(ClO4)(2) at various loadings (2-10 mmol/15 g wood). The highest bio-oil yield was obtained with the non-catalytic run. All tested catalysts have negative effect on bio-oil yields. The bio-oil yields generally decreased with increasing the catalyst loadings. The deoxygenation degree in bio-oils changed depending on the type of catalyst and loading. A high degree of de-oxygenation took place with Mg(ClO4)(2) catalysts. An increased catalyst loading led to decreased aromatic contents of bio-oils catalysed by either Mg(ClO4)(2) or HClO4. The use of a catalyst increased total naphtha fractions in bio-oils. The highest heating value of the bio-oil was estimated to be approximately 30 MJ/kg. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed that the bio-oils from the non-catalytic and catalytic runs contained aldehydes, ketones, phenols, acids, esters and alcohols. The relative yields of the oxygenated compounds were affected by catalyst type.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Bio-oil, Water soluble Lewis acid and Bronsted acid, Hydrothermal liquefaction
Kaynak
Fuel
WoS Q Değeri
Q1
Scopus Q Değeri
Q1
Cilt
304
