المنهج الأصولي للإمام قاسم بن قطلوبغا في كتابه شرح مختصر المنار
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
Karabük Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Usul yaklaşımlarının çalışılması, müelliflerin metotlarını ve yazım farklılıklarını bize gösteren en önemli konulardan biridir. Çünkü insanlar, şer’i metinleri anlama ve bunların detaylı delillerinden hüküm çıkarma konusunda aynı seviyede olmadıklarından müçtehidi doğru anlayışa ve sahih bir düşünceye ulaştıracak isabetli yolların üzerinde durmak gerekiyordu. Bu nedenle, kendi döneminin en önde gelen Hanefi alimlerinden biri olan ve eşsiz ilmi kişiliğiyle öne çıkan İmam Kāsım b. Kutluboğa’nın "Muhtasaü’l-Menar Şerhi" adlı kitabını çalışmaya başladık. Bu çalışmanın en önemli hedefleri şunlardır: Kāsım b. Kutluboğa’nın telifte usulî yaklaşımının en belirgin özellik ve göstergelerini, onun metinleri açıklama ve anlama yöntemini açıklamak, onun usulî tercihlerini çıkarıp çağdaşı olan diğer alimlerle karşılaştırma yapmak yoluyla kendisinin kaide ve esasları üzerinde durarak tafsilî delillerden hüküm çıkarmak. Bu hedeflerin gerçekleştirilebilmesi için istikra ve betimleyici bir arada toplayan ilmî bir metot kullandık. Bu, kitabındaki usul yöntemi ve usulî tercihlerinin bir araya getirilmesi için kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bu verilen tahlili için analitik yöntemden istifade edilmiş olup bir de bu usulî tercihlerinin kendisi dışındaki alimlerin görüşleriyle karşılaştırma yapabilmek için karşılaştırmalı yöntem de kullanılmıştır. Çalışma bazı sonuçlara ulaşmış olup en önemlilerinden bazıları şu şekilde ifade edilebilir: Kāsım b. Kutluboğa, Hanefi mezhebi çerçevesinde bir usulcü olup, şerhinde Hanefi mezhebinin kaidelerinden sapmamış ve birkaç yer dışında diğer mezheplerden hiç bahsetmemiştir. Dolayısıyla eserinin baskın özelliği Hanefî mezhebiyle sınırlı olmasıdır. Usulî görüşlerinde şeyhlerinin görüş ve tercihlerindeki ekolden sapmamış, bu nedenle Hanefi mezhebinde tercih edilir hale gelmiştir.
Studying the Usuli methods is one of the most important topics that reveal to us the methods of the authors and their differences in authoring; because people are not on the same level in understanding the legislative texts and in deducing their rulings from their detailed evidence, it was necessary for us to stand on the correct methods that lead the mujtahid to correct understanding and sound view; therefore, we began studying the book “Sharh Mukhtasar al-Manar” by Imam Qasim bin Qutlubugha, one of the most prominent Hanafi scholars of his era, who was distinguished by his unique scholarly personality. The most important objectives of this study were: clarifying the most prominent characteristics and features of the Usuli method of Imam Qasim bin Qutlubugha in authoring and his method of explaining and understanding the texts and deriving rulings from detailed evidence through examining its rules and foundations, in addition to extracting and studying his Usuli preferences and comparing them with the statements and opinions of other scholars. To achieve the objectives of this study, we followed a scientific approach that combines induction and description, to induct and describe the contents of his Usuli method and his Usuli preferences in his book, and the analytical method; to analyze those contents, in addition to the comparative method; to compare his Usuli preferences with the opinions and preferences of other Usul scholars. The study finally was conducted to several results, the most important of which are: Imam Qasim bin Qutlubugha was an Usuli in the Hanafi madhab, so he did not deviate in his explanation from the rules of the Hanafi madhab, and he did not mention other madhabs in his explanation except in a few positions, so the dominant feature of his book was that it was confined to the Hanafi madhab; as he did not deviate in his Usuli preferences from the madhab of his sheikhs in their statements and choices, so he preferred within the Hanafi madhab.
Studying the Usuli methods is one of the most important topics that reveal to us the methods of the authors and their differences in authoring; because people are not on the same level in understanding the legislative texts and in deducing their rulings from their detailed evidence, it was necessary for us to stand on the correct methods that lead the mujtahid to correct understanding and sound view; therefore, we began studying the book “Sharh Mukhtasar al-Manar” by Imam Qasim bin Qutlubugha, one of the most prominent Hanafi scholars of his era, who was distinguished by his unique scholarly personality. The most important objectives of this study were: clarifying the most prominent characteristics and features of the Usuli method of Imam Qasim bin Qutlubugha in authoring and his method of explaining and understanding the texts and deriving rulings from detailed evidence through examining its rules and foundations, in addition to extracting and studying his Usuli preferences and comparing them with the statements and opinions of other scholars. To achieve the objectives of this study, we followed a scientific approach that combines induction and description, to induct and describe the contents of his Usuli method and his Usuli preferences in his book, and the analytical method; to analyze those contents, in addition to the comparative method; to compare his Usuli preferences with the opinions and preferences of other Usul scholars. The study finally was conducted to several results, the most important of which are: Imam Qasim bin Qutlubugha was an Usuli in the Hanafi madhab, so he did not deviate in his explanation from the rules of the Hanafi madhab, and he did not mention other madhabs in his explanation except in a few positions, so the dominant feature of his book was that it was confined to the Hanafi madhab; as he did not deviate in his Usuli preferences from the madhab of his sheikhs in their statements and choices, so he preferred within the Hanafi madhab.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Fıkıh Usulü, Usul Metodu, Kutluboğa, Şerhu Muhtahari’l-Menâr., Usul of jurisprudence, An Usuli method, Ibn Qutlubugha, Sharh Mukhtasar Al-Manar.
