CFRP kompozit plakaların geleneksel ve orbital yöntemlerle delinmesinde farklı kesici takımların delik kalitesine etkisinin incelenmesi
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2018
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Karabük Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu çalışmada, CFRP kompozit malzemenin geleneksel ve orbital delme yöntemleriyle delinerek delik kalitesine etki eden kesme parametreleri ve takım geometrileri ele alınarak incelenmiştir. Geleneksel delme deneylerinde (Faz 1) üç farklı kesme hızı (25, 50 ve 75 m/dak), üç farklı uç açısı (90°, 110° ve 130°) ve iki farklı kesici takım geometrisi (standart ve adım) ile birlikte kaplamasız ve TiAlN kaplamalı matkap uçları kullanılmıştır. Orbital delme deneyleri (Faz 2) ise dört ana gurupta ele alınarak incelenmiştir. Çift helis geometrili parmak frezelerde farklı helis açılarının (20°/20° ve 30°/30°), standart geometrideki parmak frezelerde sabit (45°) ve değişken helis (44°/45°/46°) açılarının, hafif helis geometriye sahip parmak frezelerde kaplama tipinin (CVD ve PVD) ve helis boyunun, router geometriye sahip parmak frezelerde ise ağız sayısının delik kalitesine olan etkileri incelenmiştir. Orbital delme yöntemiyle yapılan deneylerde dört farklı kesme hızı (20, 40, 60, 80 m/dak) ve dört farklı ilerleme (0,1, 0,15, 0,20, 0,25 mm/dev) kullanılmıştır. Faz 1 ve Faz 2 deney numuneleri rijit bir CNC dik işleme merkezinde özel tasarlanan bir bağlama kalıbı yardımıyla dinamometreye bağlanmıştır. CFRP plakaların delinmesi sırasındaki meydana gelen kesme kuvvetleri bir dinamometre ile ölçülerek incelenmiştir. Delik kalitesini değerlendirmek için Faz 1 ve Faz 2 deneylerindeki her kesici takımla delinen deliklerin ortalama yüzey pürüzlülüğü (Ra), hasar faktörü (Fd) ve delik giriş ve çıkış çapları (Dg ve Dç) incelenmiştir. Tüm veriler varyans analizine tabi tutularak delik kalitesinde önemli olan parametrelerin etkileşimleri analiz edilmiştir. Faz 1 deneyleri sonucunda düşük kesme hızı ve ilerlemelerin yanında standart geometrideki matkap uçlarının ve TiAlN kaplamanın delik kalitesini iyileştirdiği belirlenmiştir. Faz 2 deneylerinde tüm parmak frezeler kendi gruplarında değerlendirilmiştir. Tüm gruplarda kesme hızı ve ilerlemenin artışına bağlı olarak delik kalitesinin olumsuz etkilendiği tespit edilmiştir. Deney sonuçlarında çift helise sahip parmak freze grubunda daha düşük yüzey pürüzlülüğü elde etmek için büyük helis açısının, daha düşük hasar faktörü elde etmek için ise daha küçük helis açısının tercih sebebi olması gerektiği belirlenmiştir. Standart geometrili parmak freze grubunda sabit helisin, hafif helis parmak freze grubunda CVD kaplamanın ve router parmak freze grubunda ise iki ağızın delik kalitesini artırdığı belirlenmiştir.
In this study, the cutting parameters which affect to hole quality and tool geometry in drilling of CFRP composite material by conventional and orbital drilling methods were investigated. In the conventional drilling experiments (Phase 1), three cutting speeds of 25, 50 and 75 m.min-1, three drill bit end angles of 90, 110 and 130° and two different cutting tool geometries, and additionally TiAlN coated drill bits were used. The orbital drilling experiments (Phase 2) were examined as four main groups. The effects of double helix end mills with 20°/20° and 30°/30° helix angles, standard geometry with constant helix end mill with 45° helix angle and variable helix end mills with 44°/45°/46° helix angles, coating types of CVD and PVD and helical lengths at light helix end mills, and number of helixes at router geometry end mills on hole quality were investigated. In the experiments conducted by orbital drilling method, four different cutting speeds of 20, 40, 60, 80 m.min-1 and four different feeds of 0.1, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25 mm.rpm-1 were used. The specimens of Phase 1 and Phase 2 were fixed on a special designed fixture plate which was adjusted to a dynamometer in a rigid CNC vertical machining center. The thrust forces which were revealed in drilling of CFRP plates were examined by using the dynamometer. The average surface roughness of Ra, the damage factor of Fd, the hole entry diameters of Dg, and hole exit diameter of Dc were examined to evaluate hole qualities for each cutting tool used in the experiments in Phase 1 and Phase 2. The interactions of important parameters were determined by variance analysis of the obtained data. The standard drill bits with TiAlN coating were resulted in good hole quality at lower cutting speed and feed rates in the experiments of Phase 1. All end mills in the experiments of Phase 2 were evaluated in their own groups. Depending on the increase in cutting speeds and feed rates in all groups, the hole qualities worsened. The experimental results showed that large helix angle for receiving lower surface roughness and smaller helix angle for obtaining lower damage factor were needed at end mills with double helix flutes. It was seen that the hole quality were increased with the constant helix angle at standard geometry end mills, CVD coating at light helix angle end mills, and double helixes at router end mills.
In this study, the cutting parameters which affect to hole quality and tool geometry in drilling of CFRP composite material by conventional and orbital drilling methods were investigated. In the conventional drilling experiments (Phase 1), three cutting speeds of 25, 50 and 75 m.min-1, three drill bit end angles of 90, 110 and 130° and two different cutting tool geometries, and additionally TiAlN coated drill bits were used. The orbital drilling experiments (Phase 2) were examined as four main groups. The effects of double helix end mills with 20°/20° and 30°/30° helix angles, standard geometry with constant helix end mill with 45° helix angle and variable helix end mills with 44°/45°/46° helix angles, coating types of CVD and PVD and helical lengths at light helix end mills, and number of helixes at router geometry end mills on hole quality were investigated. In the experiments conducted by orbital drilling method, four different cutting speeds of 20, 40, 60, 80 m.min-1 and four different feeds of 0.1, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25 mm.rpm-1 were used. The specimens of Phase 1 and Phase 2 were fixed on a special designed fixture plate which was adjusted to a dynamometer in a rigid CNC vertical machining center. The thrust forces which were revealed in drilling of CFRP plates were examined by using the dynamometer. The average surface roughness of Ra, the damage factor of Fd, the hole entry diameters of Dg, and hole exit diameter of Dc were examined to evaluate hole qualities for each cutting tool used in the experiments in Phase 1 and Phase 2. The interactions of important parameters were determined by variance analysis of the obtained data. The standard drill bits with TiAlN coating were resulted in good hole quality at lower cutting speed and feed rates in the experiments of Phase 1. All end mills in the experiments of Phase 2 were evaluated in their own groups. Depending on the increase in cutting speeds and feed rates in all groups, the hole qualities worsened. The experimental results showed that large helix angle for receiving lower surface roughness and smaller helix angle for obtaining lower damage factor were needed at end mills with double helix flutes. It was seen that the hole quality were increased with the constant helix angle at standard geometry end mills, CVD coating at light helix angle end mills, and double helixes at router end mills.
Açıklama
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Makine Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı, Makine Mühendisliği Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Makine Mühendisliği, Mechanical Engineering
