Production-Driven and Non-Production-Driven Bilateral Trade Balance: Assessing Trade Deficits between the United States and China and the COVID-19 Epidemic

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dc.authoridOngan, Serdar/0000-0001-9695-3188
dc.authoridGOCER, ISMET/0000-0001-6050-1745
dc.contributor.authorKaramelikli, Huseyin
dc.contributor.authorOngan, Serdar
dc.contributor.authorGocer, Ismet
dc.contributor.authorDoyran, Mine Aysen
dc.date.accessioned2024-09-29T16:02:51Z
dc.date.available2024-09-29T16:02:51Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.departmentKarabük Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractThis study aims to look deeper into the long-standing phenomenon of the United States' large trade deficits with China by examining both countries' bilateral trading structures (character). In this investigation, we, for the first time, redefine the traditional bilateral trade balance (BTB) ratio based on economic impact content as production-driven BTB (Xpd) and non-production-driven BTB (Xnpd). This is done because, while the former undergoes an economic activity within the United States, the latter doesn't. The traditional ratio, i.e. total export/total import, doesn't technically allow such an investigation. Hence, the proposed methodology of this study, using these two new forms of BTBs, may provide new perspectives to this phenomenon for U.S. policymakers. The main empirical finding may make it imperative to analyze the US BTB with China using the methodology proposed because the independent variables of the study's models have different effects on Xpd and Xnpd. For example, while real depreciation in the USD improves Xnpd for 13 industries, the same change in the USD improves Xpd for only seven. Additionally, this methodology allows U.S. policymakers to compare/review the US BTB based on economic impact contents through Xpd and Xnpd separately. Last, it can be interpreted that the United States benefits from decreasing trade-policy uncertainty in the United States.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1080/10971475.2023.2295638
dc.identifier.endpage165en_US
dc.identifier.issn1097-1475
dc.identifier.issn1558-0954
dc.identifier.issue2en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85181460209en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.startpage147en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1080/10971475.2023.2295638
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14619/5751
dc.identifier.volume57en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001136750900001en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ3en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherRoutledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltden_US
dc.relation.ispartofChinese Economyen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectProduction-driven bilateral trade balanceen_US
dc.subjectnon-production-driven bilateral trade balanceen_US
dc.subjectnonlinear ARDL approachen_US
dc.subjectUS-Sino tradeen_US
dc.titleProduction-Driven and Non-Production-Driven Bilateral Trade Balance: Assessing Trade Deficits between the United States and China and the COVID-19 Epidemicen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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