Türkiye – Irak İlişkilerinde Kuzey Irak Kürtleri (1945 – 1991)
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2024-07-16
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nın sonuna kadar Osmanlı’nın sınırları içerisinde yer alan Kürtlerin bir kısmı savaş sonucunda Osmanlı Devleti’nin parçalanmasıyla Irak sınırlarına dahil edilmiş ve “Kuzey Irak Kürtleri” olarak adlandırılmıştır. Çeşitli sebeplerle merkezileşmeye karşı ve özerk bir şekilde yaşamak için aralıklı olarak silahlı veya silahsız mücadeleye girişen Kürtler, zaman zaman Türkiye ve Irak ilişkilerinin gerilmesine ya da yakınlaşmasına sebep olmuşlardır. Bazı dönemlerde Irak hükümetine karşı bir destek elde edebilme, Saddam rejimini devirme gibi sebeplerle Kürtler, Türk hükümeti ile iyi geçinmek istemişlerdir. Türkiye’nin Kürtlere karşı politikası da çıkarları gereği şekillenmiştir. İran-Irak Savaşı sırasında yaşanan Halepçe Katliamı sebebiyle Türkiye’nin Kürt sığınmacıları ülkesine kabul etmesi, Irak’ın PKK’yı desteklemesine yol açmış ve PKK’nın Türkiye’de güçlenmesine neden olmuştur. Aynı zamanda Körfez Krizinde de görüldüğü üzere Türkiye bir yandan Irak’ın tek bir devlet olarak varlığını devam ettirmesini desteklerken bir yandan da Irak Kürtlerine yönelik sempatik bir politika izlemiştir. ?
Some of the Kurds, who were within the borders of the Ottoman Empire until the end of the First World War, were included in the borders of Iraq after the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire as a result of the war and were called ""Northern Iraq Kurds"". Kurds, who have been intermittently engaging in armed or unarmed struggle against centralization and for live autonomously for various reasons, have occasionally caused the relations between Turkey and Iraq to become tense or closer. In some periods, the Kurds wanted to get along with the Turkish government for reasons such as gaining support against the Iraqi government and overthrowing the Saddam regime. Turkey's policy towards the Kurds was also shaped in line with its own interests. Turkey's acceptance of Kurdish refugees into its country due to the Halabja Massacre during the Iran-Iraq War caused Iraq to support the PKK and caused the PKK to become stronger in Turkey. At the same time, as seen in the Gulf Crisis, while Turkey supported Iraq's continued existence as a single state, it also followed a sympathetic policy towards the Iraqi Kurds."
Some of the Kurds, who were within the borders of the Ottoman Empire until the end of the First World War, were included in the borders of Iraq after the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire as a result of the war and were called ""Northern Iraq Kurds"". Kurds, who have been intermittently engaging in armed or unarmed struggle against centralization and for live autonomously for various reasons, have occasionally caused the relations between Turkey and Iraq to become tense or closer. In some periods, the Kurds wanted to get along with the Turkish government for reasons such as gaining support against the Iraqi government and overthrowing the Saddam regime. Turkey's policy towards the Kurds was also shaped in line with its own interests. Turkey's acceptance of Kurdish refugees into its country due to the Halabja Massacre during the Iran-Iraq War caused Iraq to support the PKK and caused the PKK to become stronger in Turkey. At the same time, as seen in the Gulf Crisis, while Turkey supported Iraq's continued existence as a single state, it also followed a sympathetic policy towards the Iraqi Kurds."
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Anahtar Kelimeler
Kuzey Irak Kürtleri, Irak, Türkiye, Türk Dış Politikası, Northern Iraq Kurds, Iraq, Turkey, Turkish Foreign Policy
