TOZ METALURJİSİ İLE ÜRETİLEN 316L PASLANMAZ ÇELİĞE Ti VE Nb İLAVESİNİN SİNERJİK ETKİSİ
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2022-06
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Toz metalürjisi yöntemi ile çeşitli boyutlardaki metal tozları kullanılarak yüksek performansa sahip ve mukavim parçalar üretilebilir. Üretilen parçaların özellikleri kullanılan tozların boyutlarına, bileşimlerine, sıkıştırılma ve sinterleme parametrelerine bağlı olarak farklılık göstermektedir. Toz metalürjisi üretilebilirlik, ekonomiklik, homojenite, üretim sırasında minimum veya kayıpsız üretim, ikincil bir işlem gerektirmemesi gibi üstün özellikler sağlar. Bu üstün özellikler sayesinde çok tercih edilmektedir. Paslanmaz çeliklerin sahip oldukları kimyasal bileşime alaşım elementleri ilavesi ile farklı özelliklere sahip yeni bir alaşımlı çelik üretilebilir. Krom, nikel, bakır, titanyum, niyobiyum, alüminyum, azot, silisyum, kükürt, gibi alaşım elementleri ilave edilmesi halinde paslanmaz çeliğin özelliklerinde olumlu etkiler görülebilir. Bu çalışmada T/M teknolojisi aracılığıyla 316L paslanmaz çelik matrisi içerisine istenilen miktarda Titanyum ve Niyobyum elementi tozları ilave edilmiş ve istenilen bileşim toz karışım olarak elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada kullanılan tozlar ASTM E8M toz metal çekme numunesi kalıbında 700 MPa sıkıştırma basıncı altında tek yönlü olarak soğuk preslenmiş ve blok haline getirilmiştir. Presleme işlemi sonrası ham mukavemete sahip numuneler asıl mukavemetlerine sahip olmaları için atmosfer kontrollü tüp fırında argon atmosferi ortamında 1325?C de iki saat süre boyunca sinterlenmiştir. Üretimi gerçekleştirilen 316L matrisli alaşım çelik numunelerin tane boyutu incelemeleri ve fazların dağılım incelemeleri elektron mikroskobu (SEM) ile analiz edilmiştir. Çekme numunesi boyutlarında hazırlanmış numunelere mekanik özelliklerini belirlemek amacıyla 1 mm/dak. çekme hızında çekme testi uygulanmıştır. Gerçekleştirilen tüm deneyler sonrasında gerilim-gerinim eğrileri hazırlanmıştır. Ayrıca numunelere yoğunluk ölçümü, mikroyapı analizi, sertlik testi uygulanmıştır. Çekme testinde kopan numunelerin kırık yüzeyleri elektron mikroskobu (SEM) aracılığıyla analiz edilerek kırılma türü belirlenmiştir.
With the powder metallurgy method, high performance and durable parts can be produced by using metal powders of various sizes. The properties of the produced parts differ depending on the size, composition, compression and sintering parameters of the powders used. Powder metallurgy provides superior features such as manufacturability, economy, homogeneity, minimum or lossless production during production, and no secondary processing required. Thanks to these superior features, it is highly preferred. By adding alloying elements to the chemical composition of stainless steels, a new alloy steel with different properties can be produced. If alloying elements such as chromium, nickel, copper, titanium, niobium, aluminum, nitrogen, silicon, sulfur are added, positive effects can be seen on the properties of stainless steel. In this study, the desired amount of titanium and niobium element powders were added into the 316L stainless steel matrix by means of T/M technology and the desired composition was obtained as a powder mixture. The powders used in the study were cold pressed unidirectionally under 700 MPa compression pressure in ASTM E8M powder metal drawing sample mold and formed into blocks. After the pressing process, the samples with raw strength were sintered in an atmosphere-controlled tube furnace at 1325?C for two hours in an atmosphere-controlled tube furnace to achieve their original strength. Grain size examinations and phase distribution examinations of the 316L matrix alloy steel samples produced were analyzed by electron microscopy (SEM). In order to determine the mechanical properties of the samples prepared in tensile sample sizes, 1 mm/min. Tensile test at tensile speed was applied. After all experiments, stress-strain curves were prepared. In addition, density measurement, microstructure analysis and hardness test were applied to the samples. The fracture type was determined by analyzing the fracture surfaces of the specimens ruptured in the tensile test by means of electron microscopy (SEM)."
With the powder metallurgy method, high performance and durable parts can be produced by using metal powders of various sizes. The properties of the produced parts differ depending on the size, composition, compression and sintering parameters of the powders used. Powder metallurgy provides superior features such as manufacturability, economy, homogeneity, minimum or lossless production during production, and no secondary processing required. Thanks to these superior features, it is highly preferred. By adding alloying elements to the chemical composition of stainless steels, a new alloy steel with different properties can be produced. If alloying elements such as chromium, nickel, copper, titanium, niobium, aluminum, nitrogen, silicon, sulfur are added, positive effects can be seen on the properties of stainless steel. In this study, the desired amount of titanium and niobium element powders were added into the 316L stainless steel matrix by means of T/M technology and the desired composition was obtained as a powder mixture. The powders used in the study were cold pressed unidirectionally under 700 MPa compression pressure in ASTM E8M powder metal drawing sample mold and formed into blocks. After the pressing process, the samples with raw strength were sintered in an atmosphere-controlled tube furnace at 1325?C for two hours in an atmosphere-controlled tube furnace to achieve their original strength. Grain size examinations and phase distribution examinations of the 316L matrix alloy steel samples produced were analyzed by electron microscopy (SEM). In order to determine the mechanical properties of the samples prepared in tensile sample sizes, 1 mm/min. Tensile test at tensile speed was applied. After all experiments, stress-strain curves were prepared. In addition, density measurement, microstructure analysis and hardness test were applied to the samples. The fracture type was determined by analyzing the fracture surfaces of the specimens ruptured in the tensile test by means of electron microscopy (SEM)."
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Toz metalürjisi, paslanmaz çelik, 316L, titanyum, niyobiyum, Powder metallurgy, stainless steel, 316L, titanium, niobium
