Effects of Acidic and Alkaline Metal Triflates on the Hydrothermal Carbonization of Glucose and Cellulose

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dc.authoridEltugral, Nurettin/0000-0001-6393-9611
dc.authoridKaragoz, Selhan/0000-0003-4794-6525
dc.contributor.authorSimsir, Hamza
dc.contributor.authorEltugral, Nurettin
dc.contributor.authorKaragoz, Selhan
dc.date.accessioned2024-09-29T16:00:59Z
dc.date.available2024-09-29T16:00:59Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.departmentKarabük Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractThe transformation of glucose and cellulose into carbon-rich solid materials was carried out in hydrothermal media at 200 degrees C for 48 h with and without the use of acidic (Al(OTf)(3)) and alkaline (NaOTf) catalysts. The effects of the catalyst type on the yield of hydrothermal carbons (HTCs) and their properties were investigated. The use of Al(OTf)(3) led to a decrease in the yields of HTCs for both feedstocks. This result was reversed for the runs with NaOTf. Glucose-derived solid product without the use of a catalyst produced carbon spheres of a diameter between 500 and 600 nm. The use of a catalyst (regardless of whether Al(OTf)(3) or NaOTf) produced larger particles. Scanning electron microscopy images of HTC from cellulose exhibited irregular morphology. Carbon spheres produced from cellulose without the use of a catalyst ranged between 200 nm and 2 mu m. HTC products from cellulose with Al(OTf)(3) yielded aggregated carbon spheres with a diameter ranging between 300 and 600 nm. The use of NaOTf inhibited the secondary char formation. Although a small number of carbon spheres were observed on the surface, the surface was mostly smooth, like raw cellulose. The final chemical structures of HTC products were further investigated using advanced C-13 solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). NMR spectra demonstrated that glucose was completely transformed into HTCs with and without a catalyst, because there were no peaks identified with carbon atoms of glucose. However, the peaks identified with carbon atoms of cellulose were observed in the non catalytic and catalytic runs with NaOTf. Cellulose was completely transformed into HTCs with only Al(OTf)(3).en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipKarabiik University [KBU BAP-17-DR-047]en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThe authors gratefully thank Karabiik University for the financial support (KBU BAP-17-DR-047).en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1021/acs.energyfuels.9b01750
dc.identifier.endpage7479en_US
dc.identifier.issn0887-0624
dc.identifier.issn1520-5029
dc.identifier.issue8en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85070927980en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.startpage7473en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.9b01750
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14619/5471
dc.identifier.volume33en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000481569100061en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherAmer Chemical Socen_US
dc.relation.ispartofEnergy & Fuelsen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectCarbon Spheresen_US
dc.subjectBiomassen_US
dc.subjectTemperatureen_US
dc.subjectChemistryen_US
dc.subjectWateren_US
dc.subjectFuelen_US
dc.titleEffects of Acidic and Alkaline Metal Triflates on the Hydrothermal Carbonization of Glucose and Celluloseen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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