Vakum piroliz ve sabit yataklı piroliz üniteleri kullanılarak hayvansal atıkların pirolizi ve işlemlerin tepki yüzey metodolojisi ile optimizasyonu
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2018
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Karabük Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Günümüzde toplumların enerji ihtiyacının artmasıyla birlikte yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına olan ilgide artmıştır. Biyokütle, yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları arasında büyük bir öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, biyokütle kaynakları olarak seçilen keçi gübresi ile tavuk gübresinin saf ve farklı karışım oranlarındaki örnekleri piroliz işlemine tabi tutulmuştur. Deneyler sabit yataklı ve vakumlu piroliz reaktörlerinde yedi farklı sıcaklıkta (300-600 °C aralığında) gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deneylerde piroliz ürünlerinin verimi, sıcaklık ve karışım oranının etkileri araştırılmıştır. Sıcaklık artışıyla birlikte sıvı ürün ve gaz ürün veriminin arttığı, katı ürün veriminin ise azaldığı tespit edilmiştir. En yüksek biyoçar verimi (%58.90) tavuk gübresinin 300 °C piroliz sıcaklığında sabit yataklı reaktörde pirolizi sonucunda elde edilmiştir. En yüksek biyoyağ verimi ise (%29.80) tavuk gübresinin 500 °C piroliz sıcaklığında vakumlu piroliz reaktöründe pirolizi ile elde edilmiştir. Keçi gübresinin en yüksek biyoçar verimi (%48.80) sabit yataklı piroliz reaktöründe 300 °C piroliz sıcaklığında elde edilmiştir. Keçi gübresinin en yüksek biyoyağ verimi (%28.60) ise vakumlu piroliz reaktöründe 500 °C piroliz sıcaklığında elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen deney sonuçlarına tepki yüzey metodolojisi uygulanarak sürecin optimizasyonu yapılmış, regresyon formülü çıkarılmış ve doğrulama deneyleri ile modelin doğruluğu hesaplanmıştır.
Today, with the increase in the energy needs of societies, the interest in renewable energy resources has increased. Biomass has a great importance among renewable energy sources. In this study, the samples of pure and different mixture ratios of goat manure and chicken manure selected as biomass sources were subjected to pyrolysis. The experiments were carried out at seven different temperatures (300-600 °C) in fixed bed and vacuum pyrolysis reactors. The effects of pyrolysis yield, temperature and mixture ratio were investigated. It was determined that the yield of liquid product and gas increased and the yield of solid products decreased with the increase in temperature. The highest biochar yield (58.90%) was obtained as a result of pyrolysis of the chicken manure at 300 °C pyrolysis temperature in the fixed bed reactor. The highest biooil yield (29.80%) was obtained by pyrolysis of the chicken manure in the vacuum pyrolysis reactor at a temperature of 500 °C. The highest biochar yield of goat manure (48.80%) was obtained in the fixed bed pyrolysis reactor at a temperature of 300 °C. The highest biooil yield of goat manure (28.60%) was obtained in the vacuum pyrolysis reactor at temperature of 500 °C. The results of the experiments were analyzed by applying the reaction surface methodology, the regression formula was extracted and the accuracy of the model was calculated by validation experiments.
Today, with the increase in the energy needs of societies, the interest in renewable energy resources has increased. Biomass has a great importance among renewable energy sources. In this study, the samples of pure and different mixture ratios of goat manure and chicken manure selected as biomass sources were subjected to pyrolysis. The experiments were carried out at seven different temperatures (300-600 °C) in fixed bed and vacuum pyrolysis reactors. The effects of pyrolysis yield, temperature and mixture ratio were investigated. It was determined that the yield of liquid product and gas increased and the yield of solid products decreased with the increase in temperature. The highest biochar yield (58.90%) was obtained as a result of pyrolysis of the chicken manure at 300 °C pyrolysis temperature in the fixed bed reactor. The highest biooil yield (29.80%) was obtained by pyrolysis of the chicken manure in the vacuum pyrolysis reactor at a temperature of 500 °C. The highest biochar yield of goat manure (48.80%) was obtained in the fixed bed pyrolysis reactor at a temperature of 300 °C. The highest biooil yield of goat manure (28.60%) was obtained in the vacuum pyrolysis reactor at temperature of 500 °C. The results of the experiments were analyzed by applying the reaction surface methodology, the regression formula was extracted and the accuracy of the model was calculated by validation experiments.
Açıklama
Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Makine Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Makine Mühendisliği, Mechanical Engineering
