DİZEL/NANO PARÇACIK (MgO) KARIŞIMLARININ DİZEL MOTOR PARAMETRELERİNE ETKİLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
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2024-01
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
İçten yanmalı motorlu araçların emisyonlarından kaynaklanan çevresel sorunların başında gelen hava kirliliğinin artmasına paralel olarak, kullanılan enerji kaynaklarının hızla tükenme riski, son dönemde uygulanan zorunlu emisyon sınırlamaları araştırmacıları alternatif yakıtlar üzerinde yoğunlaşmaya yöneltmiştir. Günümüzde teknolojik gelişmeler, dizel yakıtının egzoz emisyonu ve performans parametrelerinin iyileştirilmesine yöneliktir. Bu bağlamda, geniş bir kullanım alanına sahip olması nedeniyle katkı maddelerine olan ilgi artmaktadır. Oksijen içeren katkı maddeleri, yanma süreçlerinde iyileştirici etkiler göstererek emisyonları azaltmaktadır. Bu iyileşme, belirli durumlarda özgül yakıt tüketiminde de azalmaya neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, standart dizel yakıtı ile magnezyum oksit (MgO) nanoparçacık karışımlarının performans ve emisyonlara etkisi deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. Motor performansı açısından özgül yakıt tüketimi (ÖYT) incelenmiştir. Egzoz emisyonlarında ise karbon monoksit (CO), hidrokarbon (HC), karbondioksit (CO2), azot oksit (NOx) ve is değişkenlerinin analizi yapılmıştır. Deney yakıtları; dizel yakıt içerisine MgO nano parçacığının 20ppm, 40ppm ve 60ppm miktarlarında katılması ile elde edilmiştir. Deneyler; hava soğutmalı, dört zamanlı, tek silindirli bir dizel motor kullanılarak sabit motor hızında (3000 d/dk) ve 6 farklı motor yüklerinde (500 – 1000 – 1500 – 2000 – 2500 – 3000 Watt) gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deneylerde elde edilen motor performans sonuçlara göre, ÖYT değerleri karışımdaki MgO oranının artışına bağlı olarak düşük motor yüklerinde daha yüksek değerlerde, orta ve yüksek motor yüklerinde ise minimum değerlere doğru azalma şeklinde görülmektedir. D100MgO60 ppm yakıtında %1,75 azalma ile en düşük ÖYT elde edilmiştir. Deneylerde elde edilen egzoz emisyonlarında ise CO ve HC emisyon değerlerinde olumlu etkiler görülmüş olup tüm yüklerde dizel yakıta göre azalmalar mevcuttur. MgO katkılı yakıtlarda CO2 emisyon değeri dizel yakıta göre tüm yüklerde artış göstermiştir. NOx emisyonlarında ise farklı yüklerde incelenen D100MgO20 yakıtında D100 yakıtına göre %0,81 ile küçük bir oranda azalma edilmiştir. Ancak, çoğunlukla artan MgO miktarı ve silindir içi sıcaklıkla beraber artış elde edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, yapılan çalışmada MgO nanoparçacıklarının dizel motorlarda alternatif yakıt katkısı olarak kullanılmasının, emisyon azaltma potansiyeli taşıdığı ve ÖYT’yi düşürebileceği görülmüştür. Bu bağlamda, alternatif yakıt katkı maddelerinin kullanımıyla ilgili gelecekte yapılacak araştırmalara yön verebileceği ve daha verimli, çevre dostu motor sistemlerinin geliştirilmesine katkı sağlayabileceği öngörülmüştür.
In parallel with the increase in air pollution, which is one of the main environmental problems caused by the emissions of internal combustion engine vehicles, the risk of rapid depletion of the energy sources used and the mandatory emission restrictions implemented recently have led researchers to focus on alternative fuels. Today, technological developments are aimed at improving the exhaust emission and performance parameters of diesel fuel. In this context, the interest in additives is increasing because it has a wide range of uses. Additives containing oxygen reduce emissions by showing optimizing effects in combustion processes. This improvement also leads to a decrease in specific fuel consumption in certain situations. Additives containing oxygen reduce emissions by showing optimizing effects in combustion processes. This improvement also leads to a decrease in specific fuel consumption in certain situations. In this study, the effects of standard diesel fuel and magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticle mixtures on performance and emissions were experimentally examined. Specific fuel consumption (SCF) was examined in terms of engine performance. In exhaust emissions, carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen oxide (NOx) and smoke variables were analysed. Test fuels were obtained by adding MgO nano particles into diesel fuel in amounts of 20ppm, 40ppm and 60ppm. Experiments were carried out using an air-cooled, four-stroke, single-cylinder diesel engine at constant engine speed (3000 rpm) and 6 different engine loads (500 - 1000 - 1500 - 2000 - 2500 - 3000 Watt). According to the engine performance results obtained in the experiments, SFC values appear to be higher at low engine loads, depending on the increase in the MgO ratio in the mixture, and decrease towards minimum values at medium and high engine loads. The lowest SCF was obtained with a 1.75% reduction in D100MgO60 fuel. In the exhaust emissions obtained in the experiments, positive effects were observed in CO and HC emission values, and there are continuous reductions compared to diesel fuel at all loads. The CO2 emission value of MgO added fuels increased at all loads compared to diesel fuel. As for NOx emissions, there was a small decrease of 0.81% in D100MgO20 fuel compared to D100 fuel, which was examined at different loads. However, an increase was mostly obtained with increasing MgO amount and in-cylinder temperature. As a result, the study showed that the use of MgO nanoparticles as an alternative fuel additive in diesel engines has the potential to reduce emissions and can reduce specific fuel consumption. In this context, it is envisaged that it may guide future research on the use of alternative fuel additives and contribute to the development of more efficient, environmentally friendly engine systems."
In parallel with the increase in air pollution, which is one of the main environmental problems caused by the emissions of internal combustion engine vehicles, the risk of rapid depletion of the energy sources used and the mandatory emission restrictions implemented recently have led researchers to focus on alternative fuels. Today, technological developments are aimed at improving the exhaust emission and performance parameters of diesel fuel. In this context, the interest in additives is increasing because it has a wide range of uses. Additives containing oxygen reduce emissions by showing optimizing effects in combustion processes. This improvement also leads to a decrease in specific fuel consumption in certain situations. Additives containing oxygen reduce emissions by showing optimizing effects in combustion processes. This improvement also leads to a decrease in specific fuel consumption in certain situations. In this study, the effects of standard diesel fuel and magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticle mixtures on performance and emissions were experimentally examined. Specific fuel consumption (SCF) was examined in terms of engine performance. In exhaust emissions, carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen oxide (NOx) and smoke variables were analysed. Test fuels were obtained by adding MgO nano particles into diesel fuel in amounts of 20ppm, 40ppm and 60ppm. Experiments were carried out using an air-cooled, four-stroke, single-cylinder diesel engine at constant engine speed (3000 rpm) and 6 different engine loads (500 - 1000 - 1500 - 2000 - 2500 - 3000 Watt). According to the engine performance results obtained in the experiments, SFC values appear to be higher at low engine loads, depending on the increase in the MgO ratio in the mixture, and decrease towards minimum values at medium and high engine loads. The lowest SCF was obtained with a 1.75% reduction in D100MgO60 fuel. In the exhaust emissions obtained in the experiments, positive effects were observed in CO and HC emission values, and there are continuous reductions compared to diesel fuel at all loads. The CO2 emission value of MgO added fuels increased at all loads compared to diesel fuel. As for NOx emissions, there was a small decrease of 0.81% in D100MgO20 fuel compared to D100 fuel, which was examined at different loads. However, an increase was mostly obtained with increasing MgO amount and in-cylinder temperature. As a result, the study showed that the use of MgO nanoparticles as an alternative fuel additive in diesel engines has the potential to reduce emissions and can reduce specific fuel consumption. In this context, it is envisaged that it may guide future research on the use of alternative fuel additives and contribute to the development of more efficient, environmentally friendly engine systems."
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Anahtar Kelimeler
Nano parçacık, MgO, egzoz emisyonları, motor performansı, Nanoparticles, MgO, exhaust emissions, engine performance